Philosophy is a science that asks a lot of questions that need to be addressed. All of them are specific, and many of them are extremely complex. This discipline has a complex structure, which means that it is difficult to determine which long-standing or contemporary problems of philosophy are paramount. It all depends on its direction.
Nevertheless, we note that there are also basic questions of philosophy - that is, those questions that interest all philosophers working in any direction of this science. First of all, it is worth noting the importance of issues that are somehow related to the relationship between the material and the ideal. The debate about which of the following is the basis of all that exists on Earth has been going on since ancient times. The main problems of philosophy, idealism and materialism are not accidental - there are many reasons in support of both. Disputes here can be infinite. Material and ideal play an important role in the interpretation of being. In fact, being is just composed of the material and the ideal, and there is nothing else in it.
Both materialism and idealism have a huge number of categories, as well as principles. Both of them contribute to the disclosure of philosophy as a certain general methodology of cognition.
Philosophical teachings are different, but in essence they consider the same problems. Almost always, one way or another, questions of being are touched upon. Note that being itself in most cases is affected in a universal sense. The main problems of philosophy are the correlation of being and non-being, ideal being and material being, human being, society, as well as nature. Ontology - the name of the doctrine of being.
The main problems of philosophy are problems associated with cognition. Perhaps the most important cognitive issue is whether the world is knowable at all. The agnostics claim that man will never succeed in understanding it, and the Gnostics assure that the human mind has no boundaries, and sooner or later all the secrets of the universe will be revealed to him. Also, philosophers are interested in the essence of cognition itself, especially cognitive processes, the relations of subjects and objects of cognition, and so on. Philosophy does not ignore methods of cognition, but nevertheless assigns them a secondary role - the very essence of this process interests philosophers much more. Gnoseology - this is the name of the doctrine of knowledge.
The main problems of social philosophy should also be mentioned in this article. Society is something that is constantly being studied. He is interested in a variety of sciences. Of course, philosophy is no exception. Partially, the problems of society are affected by the ontology, but the ontology has its own questions, which have little to do with morality, personality, the collective, and so on. Social qualities of a person are studied in a separate section - that is, social philosophy.
The main problems of philosophy include the problems of the person himself - that is, the problems of not the individual, but specifically the individual. It is important to study a person primarily because he is the starting point of all philosophizing.
Summing up, we come to the conclusion that the range of issues that philosophy solves is very broad. This science is looking for answers to questions that are connected with the person himself, his personality, the structure of the world, the essence of being, God, the universe and so on. Philosophy issues are usually deep. Many of them are simply impossible to answer unequivocally. There are many problems of philosophy that great minds have been solving for centuries. Will any questions remain unanswered even after a thousand years? It is possible that they will indeed remain unresolved.