The car is one of the most versatile vehicles. It can serve both as a personal carrier and as a truck, perform specific tasks, and be a company car. Against the background of all of the above, it’s quite interesting to get to know one of the special destinations of this TS closer: to find out that it’s an avtozak. Let's move on to the definition of a concept.
Avtozak is ...
According to the dictionaries, the hero of our story can be considered all the machines that were defined as "funnels" under the Soviet regime (emphasis on the last syllable). Avtozak - a car for transporting suspects and accused. This word-formation from "auto", "car" and "prisoner".
A special transport is considered to be an autopilot, whose basis is a bus, a minibus, a lorry. His task is to transport special contingent (accused and suspects). Moreover, the standard design of the vehicle is redesigned in such a way that it is not possible to violate the established content mode. In particular, make an escape.
Features of Russian (Soviet) avtozakov
In our country, an autosack is a combination of two components:
- Standard (without modification) chassis of a cargo vehicle - KamAZ, ZIL, Ural, GAZ, MAZ or PAZ, GAZeli buses.
- Body, where security engineering and technical elements are located.
The equipment of such vehicles is usually as follows:
- Special Forces.
- Means of communication.
- Lighting.
- Alerts
The design of such a GAZ machine (or any other from the list above) should provide the following:
- Security line from all sides in the working cabin.
- Strictly separate placement of the special contingent in the cameras according to the type of regime. Here, much attention is paid to the points prescribed in the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation, Code of Administrative Offenses, and PECs.
Accordingly, to ensure compliance with these conditions, a special body is installed on the cargo chassis. Already in it equip a salon for staff and special departments for suspects and convicts.
Special Forces
Spetsuzuz of an avtozak is an all-metal skeleton design which has a heat-insulating layer between an external and internal wall. Both of these claddings are usually sheet steel with a thickness of at least 0.8 mm.
Special chassis are connected to the chassis frame of a truck or bus with standard fasteners. By material, quality, design, they are similar to the elements that fasten a conventional side body.
The floor must be wrapped in a sheet of iron with an overwhelm of it on the sides. Base - from steel profiles, welded. The cells between them are no more than 300 x 300 mm. All this together is added to the anti-slip grating of the base.
Cameras for convicts
Cameras for the special contingent in such GAZ cars can be both general and single. Traditionally, they will be equipped behind the working compartment, in the rear half of the body. The quantity and location depends on the brand of the vehicle and its purpose.
The seats in the cells are stationary, rigid, with separate backs, mounted on a metal frame. Their design is such that without the use of special tools, it is impossible to unscrew the fasteners.
If the camera in a special car is single, then it will be equipped with a sliding or swing metal frame door. The canvas of the last is continuous. There is a peephole with a rotary plug. In the upper and lower half - ventilation holes.
In common chambers, usually single-leaf lattice swing doors. Between steel bars cells 40 x 40 mm.
On the doors of the chambers there are mechanical locks with a self-closing bolt. The inability to access it from the inside is ensured constructively. There is also a locking device on the front door.
On the hatch - pin-type locks. The dimensions of its opening are 470 x 500 mm. It withstands upward extrusion forces of up to 5 tons, while not deforming and without losing operability. Emergency hatches open only from the outside, emergency-vents - from the outside and inside.
Salon for staff
The guardroom is standardly placed in the front of the car and the working compartment, respectively. Semi-soft chairs with separate backs are installed in the compartment. The seats in the GAZ-Autosak can be of various designs:
- single folding;
- single stationary;
- multi-seat.
As for the entrance doors to this salon, they can be both folding and sliding. Minimum dimensions of the opening - 1540 x 580 mm (for car body trucks). If this is a car based on a van or bus, everything depends on its design features. On the doors are mandatory opening limiters.
Windows - with sliding glazing. On the inside there is a protective grill. Between it and the glass is a movable curtain.
Signaling
In order to provide a connection between the shuttle and stationary points, the machines are equipped with VHF radio stations. CCTV systems can be installed.
The intercom alarm system "Forget-me-not" is standardly installed. It provides the following:
- Two way communication between cab and body.
- Manual two-way signal "Call" (sound and light).
- Manual two-way signaling "Alarm" (sound and light).
- Auto-feed "Alarms" (sound and light) in the following cases: opening doors, disconnection, short circuit between the post device and sensors, a cab.
Other features
The working compartment is heated by an additional heater, which works on the principle of heat extraction from the fluid of the engine cooling system.
Under the skin of the body roof, light lines are laid. On the ceiling - shades:
- One is in solitary confinement.
- 2-4 - in total.
- 2 - in the guardroom.
Lampshades protect metal grilles. Additionally, a searchlight can be installed. There is a shield for the separate inclusion of lighting, heating.
Additional equipment
Autosack can be equipped with the following:
- Fire extinguishers in the driver's cab and guardroom.
- Two car first-aid kits.
- Wheel chocks.
- Emergency stop symbol.
- Roof ladder.
Avtozak is a specialized transport for transporting "dangerous passengers". It stands on a standard truck or bus chassis, but has a body adapted in all respects to the main task of the vehicle.