The organ of vision has a fine and perfect organization, it is quite well protected from external influences. However, sometimes there are still situations when a damaging agent acts on it. Under such conditions, diseases of the iris occur. The latter is located in the organ of vision between its front and rear cameras.
It limits the pupil and is accessible to external research. It is her color that determines the shade of the eyes.
Inflammation of the iris ( or iritis) is the result of infection entering the eye. This may be the direct introduction of a pathogen through an injury to the cornea and anterior chamber of the eye. It is also possible the introduction of the pathogen with blood and lymph from chronic foci of infection. In addition to infectious iritis, it can be toxic-allergic in nature. Since the iris is closely connected with the ciliary body (the muscle apparatus that regulates the width of the pupil), then inflammation usually extends to it, too. Then the process is called iridocyclitis.
If you ignore the ailment or improperly performed therapy, iritis can be complicated by secondary glaucoma, cataract.
Causes
Factors that directly cause inflammation of the iris of the eye are the general and local infectious processes:
- tuberculosis;
- brucellosis;
- flu;
- ARVI;
- sexually transmitted diseases;
- rheumatic diseases;
- toxoplasmosis;
- local eye infection.
Contribute to the occurrence of the disease can:
- other eye diseases;
- organ surgery;
- trauma to the eyeball;
- metabolic disorders;
- rheumatic diseases;
- immunodeficiencies.
Symptoms
The patient has:
- pain in the eyeball;
- redness;
- lacrimation
- spasm of the eyelids;
- poor tolerance of bright light;
- foreign body feeling.
Also, inflammation of the iris is manifested by a decrease in visual acuity, a change in color and pattern (swelling) of the iris, a narrowing of the pupil, loss of its shape and a slow and unbalanced reaction to light.
Diagnostics
- Based on the patient's complaints, the ophthalmologist performs an ophthalmoscopy in order to confirm or exclude the diagnosis of "inflammation of the iris."
- Also, medical expansion of the pupil is performed, in which it is found that it expands with the loss of a round shape.
- Laser examination of the organ of vision, tonometry to exclude glaucoma may be required.
- To detect the pathogen, a biomicroscopic examination is done.
Treatment
Applicable:
- antibacterial drugs depending on the type of causative agent;
- anti-inflammatory;
- painkillers;
- anti-allergic;
- eye drops to dilate the pupil to prevent the occurrence of adhesions of the iris;
- corticosteroid ointments topically;
- biogenic stimulants (autohemotherapy);
- physiotherapy at the stage of attenuation of inflammation.
Treatment of the underlying disease is required, against which iritis has arisen.
Prevention
In order to prevent inflammation of the iris, should:
- detect and treat eye diseases and common chronic infections;
- observe the hygiene of the organ of vision;
- conduct general strengthening and hardening procedures.