The conjunctival sac is a cavity formed between the eyeball, more precisely, its anterior surface and the posterior surface of the eyelids. This cavity is lined with conjunctiva and is open in the region of the palpebral fissure. There are upper and lower sections. Most often they bury it in the lower conjunctival sac. The top is buried extremely rarely.
Dropping drops into the conjunctival sac seems very simple. However, not always even qualified ophthalmologists perform this procedure correctly. You can dig in the conjunctival sac of the eye to a patient who has taken a sitting position. In this case, the patient slightly throws his head back, and his gaze should be directed upwards. The lower eyelid is slightly pulled and the eyedropper is brought to the eye as close as the eyelashes allow. Its tip should not touch the patient's eyelashes, in order to avoid infection of the eye and contamination of the pipette itself. It must also be said that if it is kept from the eye at a distance of more than two centimeters, the procedure can cause painful sensations in the patient. Next, the lower conjunctival sac is instilled. Most often, two to three drops are enough. A larger amount of liquid, as a rule, simply does not fit there. It is important that the eye drops have a temperature not lower than room temperature, otherwise, due to spasm of the eyelids, they will not be able to get into the lower conjunctival sac. Excess drops that may leak from the eye are removed with a clean cotton swab.
The pipette used for this medical procedure must be sterile and individual for each individual patient. It is necessary to avoid that the medicine collected in the glass part of the pipette falls into its elastic part. For this reason, the doctor should keep it exclusively upright. Using instillation of mydriatics and myotics - that is, means that can expand or narrow the pupil, you need to be especially careful. For example, if a person who suffers from glaucoma is instilled with a drug that dilates the pupil, then his glaucoma may become complicated. And if the patient’s choroid is inflamed, it’s better not to drip into the lower conjunctival sac funds that can narrow the pupil - otherwise the inflammatory process will progress. Eyelid-tightening agents must be administered for glaucoma.
In order to instill a conjunctival sac of an eye in a small child, two people are needed - a medic and his assistant. While the doctor is engaged in the procedure, his assistant fixes the arms and legs of the small patient so that, due to his movements, the pipette could not damage the lining of the eye. Holding a dropper with medicine in his right hand, the doctor pushes the eyelids of the child with his left. Then, one or two drops of medicinal fluid are introduced into the conjunctival sac. You should not enter more than two.
If the conjunctiva of the eye is affected by any inflammatory process, you can enter the ointment. It is introduced by a special glass device in the form of a stick, one end of which is flattened, like a spatula. A little ointment is placed on this end - no more than a pea in volume. Before using this tool, it needs to be boiled. The ointment is injected exactly into the outer corner of the conjunctival sac. Again, if the patient is a child, then we need another assistant to fix the position of his body, since an adult patient will not resist such a procedure, because he understands why this is necessary. The child is likely to be scared by this process. That's why a doctor cannot do without an assistant if he needs to inject ointment into the conjunctival sac of the eye. After entering it, the wand must be removed using a rotational motion. If the patient has a disease of the eyelids, then the medicine should be applied to the affected area. After introducing the ointment into the conjunctival sac, the patient closes his eyes, and the doctor massages his eyelids slightly so that the ointment is better absorbed. It is best to make a circular eyelid massage through a sterile cotton swab.