Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770-1831) - an outstanding German philosopher - was born in the city of Stuttgart in the family of an official. The formation of the worldview was influenced by the events and ideas of the Great French Revolution.
Hegel began as a successor to the
philosophies of Kant and Fichte, but soon under the influence of Schelling, from the position of
subjective idealism, he switched to the side of objective idealism. Hegel's philosophy was different in that he did not try to understand the essence of everything with its help. On the contrary, everything that existed was presented in the form of pure thinking and became a
philosophy. Hegel's
philosophy is also distinguished by the fact that he does not subordinate his worldview to an independent object (nature or God). Hegel's philosophy states that God is the mind that has reached its absolute perfection, and nature is the shell of dialectical reality. In the knowledge of himself, he saw the essence of philosophy. A person must analyze and be aware of his actions.
Hegel's philosophy was the study of the dialectical method of cognition.
- As a method of cognition, he contrasted dialectics with metaphysics.
- Hegel explained the categories and laws of dialectics from objective idealism.
- He revealed three principles of dialectics: a) negation-negation: b) the unity and struggle of opposites, in which contradictions act as a source of development; c) the transition of quantity into quality.
- He outlined the main criteria for dialectics. This is quality, measure, quantity, denial, leap, compression, and others.
Hegel's dialectical philosophy includes:
- IN the study of dialectics and the dialectical method of cognition.
- Hegel denied objective idealism.
The Hegel's method is a living process, in constant development, rationally understanding society, the world and thinking. This method is still the peak of a rational understanding of the world. A rational way of comprehending the world is a special creative act of a person’s mental activity, which is based not on formal logic, but on content (dialectic). It should be noted that the concept of Hegel's logic and the generally accepted concept are different.
Until the end of the nineteenth century, according to philosophy, Hegel with his views determined the movement and character of metaphysical thought. A special place in the culture of that time was occupied by both Hegel's artistic and scientific work. A distinctive feature was the idea of perceiving the world through the unification of all life at all levels of life, where nothing is at rest, but on the contrary, constantly in motion.
Hegel is a great thinker, some of his ideas have not lost their relevance in our days. He had a tremendous impact on all thinkers in Europe, and for a long time to serve as an example for thinking people around the world. You may have completely different opinions about his teachings, but at the same time they always have that vague truth that helps us understand the meaning of being. Many modern thinkers cite Hegel's work and use his words and opinions. Thanks to dialectical philosophy, much in our world is becoming clear and correct.