Mature cataract (ICD-10 codes H25, H26, H28) is a disease that affects people at any age. Mature is one of the stages of the disease. It can be treated in different ways, but the main one is surgery. It is recommended to pay attention to the new method - glasses that are quite effective in the fight against pathology.
Signs
Typical complaints with mature cataract in a patient may be as follows:
- The patient has problems with the vision of the subject: the image is doubled and poorly focused.
- Inability to clearly distinguish an object.
- In the dark, there is a loss of eye contact with objects, reflections, bright highlights appear.
- The patient becomes unable to fully distinguish between the color shades of objects, the colors seem less vivid than they actually are.
Symptoms
The stronger the effect of cataracts, the more pronounced the shade of the symptoms and their quantity. Over time, the disease manifests itself as follows:
- The patient noticeably decreases visual acuity, the ability to adequately respond to light / shadow.
- Before your eyes appear moving spots, dots, stripes.
- Objects in the field of view are perceived as blurry, fuzzy.
- Sensation of eye fatigue, the effect of "fog", pain and discomfort.
- Uncomfortable sensation when responding to bright light.
- At night, the patient has an improvement in the perception of objects, as light begins to pass through the peripheral part of the lens.
- It is possible to restore visual acuity, but after a while, the problem returns.
Cataract stages
A person appreciates good eyesight precisely when eye diseases begin. The most common is cataract, which disrupts the ability of the elastic lens to focus on objects. Its transparency is also lost.
The disease develops gradually, passing through several stages. To make it easier for doctors to navigate the violations and prescribe treatment, the following stages were identified:
- Almost mature cataract. Too little clouding of the lens occurs, mainly from the periphery, but the bulk is still transparent and elastic. Gradually, dark stripes develop in the center of the eye, which begin to interfere with the person, because partially the view is closed. If the disease develops from the center, then loss of vision occurs much faster. Patients may notice spots or flies in front of their eyes. The first stage can last from a month to 10 years. At the same time, the clarity of vision is significantly reduced, and the lens becomes cloudy. To consider an object, a person needs to come very close to it. This period is also called “swelling” due to the fact that the lens increases, intraocular pressure increases, and there is a risk of glaucoma.
- Mature cataract. The lens becomes so cloudy that a person can distinguish only large objects, recognize light and shadow. The pupil has the color of milk.
- Overripe. The lens has a yellow tint. It becomes smaller, due to this it moves in the chamber when the head bends. In the substance of the lens, the fibers disintegrate, a thorn begins to form.
"Glasses Sidorenko"
Not the first year of patients are interested in modern methods, which will make it possible to cure cataracts in the absence of surgical intervention. Today there is such a way. This is the Sidorenko Glasses device. They are an excellent prophylactic that helps improve vision functions. Glasses are also used in order to favorably influence the external image of the eyes.
The device helps strengthen the skin of the eyelids and smooth small wrinkles. In principle, the operation of this device is based on a light vacuum micromassage of the eye and skin around them, which improves the course of blood microcirculation, awakens metabolic processes in the eyes and the skin around them. "Sidorenko glasses" are recommended for use by adults and children who have reached the age of 3 years.
This is an innovative device that looks like swimming goggles. The classic glasses in this unit have been changed by mini-cameras, which closely embrace the eye sockets when donning. The healing and health-improving effect is based on the influence of low-intensity cryogenic pressure (spectrum - 0.05-0.1 atm, frequency - 3-4 Hz) on the tissues of the eye and the muscles located near them.
The device helps to provide the eyes with the necessary components of nutrition, the resumption of vision, improve the condition of the skin of the eyelids and nearby areas. After the first session, it is possible to notice tangible improvements: puffiness decreases, annoying headaches disappearing due to strain of vision, the skin in the eye area is significantly smoothed.
Device advantages
The use of Sidorenko’s Points is characterized by a number of positive results:
- The metabolic processes are activated.
- Blood circulation increases.
- Ophthalmic fluid withdrawal movements are activated.
- The formation of nucleoproteins is enhanced.
- Scars dissolve.
- Protein synthesis is enhanced.
- Tissues are nourished by oxygen.
- Accelerated glucose utilization.
The pulsed illumination emitted by the Sidorenko Glasses is capable of generating a reflex increase and a further decrease in the pupils, which makes it possible to remove accommodation spasms and increase the power of the accommodation muscle. A uniform decrease in muscles activates the nutrition of the eye, destroys congestion.
"Pankov Points"
This is another medical device designed to cure and prevent a number of ophthalmic diseases. The frame of the device is equipped with LED emitters, which are controlled by microprocessor controllers. If you use this device, it is possible to effectively carry out cataract therapy, get rid of retina dystrophy, increasing myopia, astigmatism, visual nerve atrophy.
"Pankov points" how they work
The activity of the device is based on the principles of low-intensity radiation, which can cleanse cells and stimulate microcirculation. The functions of vision are greatly improved after some completed sessions. In addition, the use of the device can help improve the general condition of the body, reduces the incidence of headaches, and helps to normalize sleep.
"Pankov's glasses" are recommended for preventive purposes to those whose activities require a long stay at the computer monitor. This mechanism can be used both as a separate medical treatment, and as part of a course of therapy.
Cataract Tunnel Extraction
The presented technology is applied if clouding with a dense core is diagnosed, which is problematic to remove, as well as with age-related mature cataract. Tunnel extraction belongs to manual methods for extracting a clouded lens. At the very beginning of the procedure, local anesthesia is introduced, after which the specialist receives admission to the capsular lobe of the lens and makes a small incision (no more than 3.5 millimeters in length). Then, the elimination of the changed lens from the capsule area is performed.
Instead, an intraocular lens is placed , which helps to provide the best refraction of the light rays, as well as perform all the standard functions of the lens. There is no need for suturing because the incision performed by the doctor is self-sealing.
Tunnel extraction is recognized by experts as one of the more effective ways to cure cataracts. The procedure is characterized by:
- The minimum stage of postoperative injury.
- Low risk of astigmatism (after the procedure).
- A short stage of rehabilitation.
Drug treatment
With cataracts, the patient is prescribed treatment, which can be medication or surgery. It depends on the degree of damage to the lens. Drug treatment is used in the early stages of the disease. With medical treatment of mature cataract, drops are prescribed, as well as drugs containing:
- Riboflavin.
- Glutamic acid.
- Cysteine.
- Ascorbic acid;
- Citral
In addition, agents are prescribed that help improve metabolic processes in the lens. Ophthalmologists prescribe such drops:
- Taufon.
- Oftan Katachrome.
- Rubistenol.
- Jodocol.
- Perjol.
- Catarstat.
- Opacinan.
- Seletec.
They help slow down the lens clouding process. The drug "Quinax" helps activate enzymes and promotes resorption of turbidity. Patients who have cataracts in radiation and toxic form can also use medication. However, if cataract is congenital, then such treatment is not applied.
But not at all stages of the disease, drugs show effective results. Often, only surgery can help the patient.
With a mature cataract in one eye and with good eyesight in the other, it is better not to rush into the operation, since when cataract is removed in one eye, a significant difference in refraction is obtained. Medication is not a panacea for mature cataracts, but they help to slow down the development process. Additionally, vitamins and multivitamins are prescribed for patients, for example, Undevit, Pangeksavit.
Surgery
At the stage of mature cataract, surgery is the most effective method. During surgery, the lens is removed and a new lens is installed. Several types of operations are used for this disease:
- Intracapsular extraction.
- Ultrasonic phacoemulsification.
- Laser treatment.
- Extracapsular extraction.
In the first case, the entire lens with the capsule is removed. Such an operation is very complex and traumatic. In the second case, the lens is brought to an emulsion state and is removed from the eye. An artificial lens is inserted in its place. The third method is a technology whereby the lens is removed by laser. These operations are very popular. As for the latter case, the nucleus and mass of the lens without the posterior capsule are removed.
Features of surgical treatment of mature cataract
Surgical therapy aims to restore human vision. Modern techniques can minimize the invasiveness of the intervention. This is achieved by saving the lens capsule, creating a small incision, as well as using specific methods to remove the clouded lens. In addition, one of the types of operations is the implantation of elastic lenses or intraocular lenses.
Extracapsular cataract extraction method fully meets these criteria.