In accordance with article No. 82 of the PEC of the Russian Federation, correctional institutions have their own internal regulations that comply with regulatory legal acts, since they are approved by the federal executive body. Thanks to the established regime, namely, the rules in force in correctional institutions, prisoners are provided with conditions of serving in correctional colonies, protection and isolation, supervision and personal safety. Different categories of inmates, depending on the type of PS, are serving sentences in different conditions. To ensure that the order and conditions are strictly observed, special facilities are provided in prisons. One of them is the special conditions regime in prisons. You will learn more about it from the article.
Types of preventive measures
For those who violate the law who are serving a sentence of imprisonment, the federal legislation of Russia provides correctional facilities. Depending on the severity of the crime committed or on their number, a person can be identified in a colony-settlement, a colony of general regime, strict and in a special regime prison.
About the colony settlement
It is intended for citizens who have committed a crime through negligence or if it did not pose a danger to others. Due to the fact that the conditions in the colony settlements are mild, prisoners with good behavior can be identified here. Men and women are not kept separately. The exception is accomplices in the crime. Another feature of the colony settlement is that it lacks protection.
Also, convicts are free to move around during the day, travel, having received permission from the administration, outside the territory, own property and money, wear their clothes. Place of residence - dormitory with windows without bars. The sitter has the right to receive dates, packages and transfers an unlimited number of times.
About general-mode PS
Correctional facilities in this category identify men for serious crimes committed for the first time. Women can get into a general colony if they are repeat offenders. They are also sent here from colony settlements for violation of the regime. The convicts are held in ordinary, light and strict conditions. First, the sitters are determined to be ordinary. If he behaves well for six months, then they will be replaced with light ones. For malicious violation of the order of the correctional colony - in strict conditions.
About strict regime colonies
Correctional facilities are intended for previously convicted men convicted of serious crimes. Women in strict regimen are not identified. As in general-regime colonies, prisoners are serving their sentences on general, strict and facilitated conditions.
However, unlike a general-regime correctional facility, in this case a layman will have to not break the rules for 9 months to change his conditions of detention. In this case, he has a chance to sit in a strict regime colony on general conditions.
About special institutions
Convicted of especially serious crimes committed repeatedly are sitting in a special regime prison. In other words, this is a place for repeat offenders who are dangerous to society. Citizens sentenced to life are determined precisely in the colony of this category. Also here are those who committed a crime, already being in custody.
What types of conditions do the special regime penal colonies have? According to experts, inmates are kept in strict, general and light conditions. Upon arrival at the detention center, the inmate falls into normal (general) conditions. The exception is convicts who intentionally committed a crime in the colony. If we compare the special regime colony with the previous categories, then the conditions here are more severe. For example, in order to transfer, the convict will have to wait not 6 or 9 months, but a year. If during this period no penalties were applied to the prisoner, then the conditions of detention will be replaced by lighter ones. In such colonies, strict isolation is provided. In general and lightened conditions, dormitories are provided with dormitories, in strict - chamber-type rooms (FCT). Prisoners are allowed to buy food and basic necessities. Depending on the conditions of detention, certain restrictions are provided. If the convicted person is serving a sentence in the general regime, then a month he is allowed to spend no more than 1 thousand rubles, lightened - 2 thousand rubles, strict - 700 rubles. Under general conditions, a sitter has 4 dates per year (2 long and 2 short-term), in light conditions 6 visits (3 and 3), and in strict conditions only short-term (no more than two).
Getting to know the mode
In penal colonies, the conditions and procedure for the execution of sentences of imprisonment determine the regime of correctional facilities. The penal legislation contains rules that are traditionally divided into three categories:
- The system of rules for staff. In accordance with them punishments are executed.
- Rules for prisoners. They are being followed while serving their sentences.
- Rules for persons who are in a correctional institution or in the territory adjacent to it.
The order in the correctional institution, namely the conditions under which a prisoner is serving a criminal sentence, is possible thanks to general and special means of ensuring the regime.
About General Tools
The regime will be ensured if the staff of the correctional institution and the citizens who visit it comply with the requirements prescribed by law. General funds are represented by the following measures:
- Legal, labor and physical education.
- Individual work with prisoners.
- Social impact. This also includes participation in amateur organizations.
- An encouragement that promotes legitimate behavior.
About special tools
Special measures include:
- The protection of the inmates and their control through special technical means.
- Recovery. They resort to it when it is necessary to achieve the required behavior.
- Operational-search activity.
- Special conditions mode. In prisons, physical force is used to achieve security measures. Also, in criminal executive legislation it is allowed to use special means and weapons.
On the regime of special conditions in correctional facilities
With the introduction of this regime, rights and freedoms will be limited not only to inmates, but also to citizens residing in the territory of the penitentiary institution. On what grounds is the special conditions regime introduced in correctional institutions? The list of grounds is indicated in article 85 of part 1 of the precinct. According to experts, the special conditions regime in correctional institutions is introduced after the establishment of a state of emergency, martial law and special situation in the territory where the correctional facility is located. Also, the reason for the approval of the special regime will be riots and group disobedience of prisoners. The grounds for introducing special conditions into the penal colony are external and internal.
About external reasons
The reason for the introduction of special conditions in correctional institutions in accordance with the Law of the Russian Federation “On the state of emergency” will be martial law and the state of emergency. It is introduced in the following cases:
- If attempts are made to change the constitutional system by force.
- During the riots.
- The presence of ethnic conflict.
- When certain areas are blocked, which can threaten the lives of civilians.
- During natural disasters, epidemics, major accidents, etc.
As a result, the constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens will be limited. For example, they will impose a curfew, restrict the freedom of the press, they will check documents and conduct personal searches.
On grounds of an internal nature
The reason for the introduction of a special regime may be a crime in the territory of a correctional institution committed by a group of convicts. According to experts, the most common reason is riots. They are manifested in the following:
- Public safety is grossly violated.
- Violence of a group of prisoners using weapons in relation to the rest of the prisoners, the staff of the correctional institution and other citizens who, at the time of the atrocities, were in the territory of the correctional institution.
- Treasury property is destroyed.
- Explosives and devices are used.
- The instigators of the riots are armed resistance.
According to experts, the disobedience of prisoners to the requirements of the administration of the penitentiary institution should not be confused with a malicious violation of the procedure for serving a criminal sentence. The latter may include the refusal of a group of convicts to go to work. This violation of the regime in accordance with Article No. 103 Part 1 of the PEC is considered malicious.
About restrictions
In accordance with articles No. 88-97 of the PEC, prisoners receive certain restrictions on their rights. Prisoners are not supposed to:
- Get food.
- Receive from the will of the parcel and transmission.
- Correspond.
- Use phones.
- Date is forbidden.
In addition, the administration reinforces the occupants' security and supervision. The admission to the objects of the IJ is carried out in a special order. The order of the day is changing, production, municipal, health and other services limit their activities.
Who introduces a special regime?
Article 85 of Part 3 of the PEC states that this regime in correctional institutions is approved for a period of 30 days. The decision on the introduction is made by the Minister of Justice of the Russian Federation. The head of the territorial body of the correctional system, having notified the Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation of his decision, is also entitled to do this. The fourth part of Article No. 85 of the PEC outlines the grounds on which the head of the correctional institution himself can directly approve the special regime. For example, if the life and health of prisoners and staff of the detention center are at risk. In this case, the chief should immediately notify officials. Three days were allotted to approve the regime or cancel the measures introduced by the chief. Despite the fact that the special regime lasts no more than 30 days, in case of complications it can be extended for another 30 days.