KamAZ is perhaps the most famous large-tonnage truck plant in Russia. One of the first models - KamAZ-5320. This truck is the most massive. Even now it can be found on the roads of Russia. But there was still a mass of modifications built on its basis. One of these is KamAZ-53212. Technical specifications, photos and features of this car - further in our article.
Description
So what is this car? KamAZ-53212 is an onboard large-capacity truck with a wheel arrangement of 6 x 4. The machine is an elongated modification 5320 and was created on its basis. For the first time this truck came off the assembly line in 1979. What is noteworthy, the serial production of the car did not stop after the collapse of the USSR, but continued until 2002. This model is able to work at extremely low and high temperatures, used in conditions of high humidity, as well as at an altitude of up to three kilometers above sea level. In view of this, a military vehicle designed to transport goods and personnel was also created on the basis of the KamAZ-53212 truck.
Appearance
What this machine looks like, the reader can see in the photo in our article. At one glance at the exterior, it becomes clear that the truck has a minimum of differences from the base model 5320. If you look closely, you can notice a longer base. Otherwise, these are two identical cars. Note that the 53212 model is universal. Not only onboard bodies were installed on it. KamAZ trucks also came with all-metal wagons, and there were fuel trucks. Often you can find KamAZ-53212 grain truck. And some carriers install tented bodies from foreign trucks here (one of the examples can be seen in the photo below).
Mostly, KamAZ-53212 was used with the GKB trailer, which had the same size. The flooring of the truck and trailer is wooden. The hitch has folding sides with the possibility of installing a frame for an awning.
In the mid-90s, the truck underwent minor changes. So, at the Kama Automobile Plant, a new cab was used. She had a "blind" grille. And the head optics are located in a metal bumper. The two-part windshield with a central partition is still used in the cockpit. Also, the shape of the doors and roof has not changed.
The cabs of the first sample were well protected against corrosion. However, the models of the last years of release rust very much, the owners say. The radiator grill and the lower part of the cab are especially exposed to corrosion.
Sizes, clearance
The total length of the truck is 8.53 meters. Width - 2.5, height - 3.8 meters. Ground clearance - 28 centimeters. Track widths are 1.85 and 2.02 meters for the rear and front axles, respectively. Tire size - 9.00R20. High ground clearance is one of the main advantages of this truck. The machine can be used on different types of pavement. Also, the car is well suited for transporting grain.
Salon
The cabin design is identical to the 5320 model, that is, has not changed since the early 1970s. The salon is designed for three people, including two passengers. KamAZ-53212 was also equipped with a sleeping bag. The driver's seat - sprung, adjustable in length and tilt the back. Compared to other trucks, the KamAZ cab in those years was one of the most comfortable and safe (even equipped with seat belts). But by modern standards, the interior can be called uncomfortable and non-ergonomic.
Two-spoke steering wheel, without adjustments. The front panel is made of metal. On the shield - a pair of dial gauges and an air pressure sensor in the system. By the way, the last was a sound detector. When there was little air left in the system, a characteristic sound was heard in the cockpit.
Specifications
KamAZ-53212 was equipped with one engine throughout all the years of production. It is a diesel atmospheric eight-cylinder KamAZ-740.10 unit. This is a V-shaped engine with a mechanical fuel pump. With a volume of 10 857 cubic centimeters, he developed 210 horsepower. The diameter and stroke of the pistons was the same and amounted to 120 millimeters. The motor has a 16-valve layout, that is, for each cylinder there were two valves (one inlet and outlet). To date, many of the units have already exhausted their resources. Therefore, it is not surprising that such KamAZ trucks have high oil consumption. As for fuel consumption, there is no stable figure here. It all depends on the correct setting of the high-pressure fuel pump, as well as on the load of the car itself and the presence of a trailer. So, the flow rate can be from 30 to 45 liters per 100 kilometers. The resource of the power unit to overhaul is 200 thousand kilometers. The engine can be overhauled up to four times.
The cooling system at KamAZ worked automatically. There is a viscous coupling, which independently activates the cooling fan if necessary. In SOD, antifreeze A-40 is used. The system operates in a closed type and has several circuits with two thermostats. Regarding SOD, the owners are not complaining. She works without a problem. The machine does not boil and feels good at low temperatures.
Transmission
A five-speed manual gearbox with a two-stage divider was installed on this car. Remote control using a mechanical drive. A separate pneumatic drive was responsible for gear shifting. The box, like the engine on KamAZ-53212, is not always in good condition. Today's specimens have problems at the checkpoint. This is the wear of synchronizers, intermediate and other shafts.
Cardan transmission on KamAZ includes 2 tubular shafts. The hinges are on needle bearings. The latter must be lubricated with a margin to extend the service life. The transmission of the main bridges is also double. However, gears differ in tooth types. The middle bridge is equipped with a center differential lock.
Chassis
The front of the car is equipped with a dependent suspension. This is a pivot beam with telescopic shock absorbers and semi-elliptical springs. At the rear there is a suspension on the balancers.
The ends of the springs are made on a sliding type. The car was equipped with a camera 20-inch radial tires with a standard tread pattern. KAMAZ wheels do not have wheels and are not balanced. And as a stopper, side and lock rings are used.
Brakes and steering
The brake system includes several mechanisms:
- Working.
- Auxiliary.
- Parking.
- Spare.
On all wheels there are drum mechanisms with a diameter of 420 millimeters. The brake drive is pneumatic. When the parking lot was activated, spring power accumulators were turned on. They blocked the pads on the middle and rear axles of the car. The auxiliary brake system is activated using a special button. The air is pumped by a compressor and stored in the receivers, previously cleared of condensate.
The steering gear is a power steering gear. The design is very reliable and rarely fails. The steering wheel rotates without much effort. But due to age, you have to regularly taxi in these KamAZ trucks. The car is constantly "looking for the road."
Price
At the moment, KamAZ-53212 can be purchased on the secondary market. The cost is different, since each model is equipped with different bodies, and sometimes additional equipment (we are talking about cranes).
So, the simplest versions with an onboard body are available at a price of 200-350 thousand rubles. KamAZ trucks with containers or bodies from foreign trucks cost about 400-500 thousand. But versions with manipulators can be bought for one million rubles.
Finally
So, we found out what KamAZ-53212 is. Despite the cessation of production, this machine is still in demand. Basically, they buy it for transporting crops, using it together with a trailer. For these purposes, the machine is ideal. The truck has a simple device and is very maintainable. However, reliability remains in question since the average age of the machine is about 30 years.