The most important thing in a person’s life is how he perceives this world. Depending on how we relate to it, a lot is formed in our behavior both in relation and in individual awareness of life. The topic of this article will be the problem of determining the worldview. What does this concept mean, and what are its types?
Worldview Characteristic
This is the key issue that philosophy deals with. This science explores, analyzes, studies the attitude of a person to what surrounds him. Not just a bunch of "world", not just a person apart from him, from culture, from civilization. Philosophy explores the relationship, relationship, interpenetration of the environment and man.
Albert Camus noticed that the world itself is completely unreasonable and meaningless; he also considered absurd as a person’s desire to endow everything surrounding him with anthropomorphic features, to call him human. Without a developed integrated approach to life, it is impossible to imagine a full-fledged personality, therefore the role of worldview in human life cannot be overestimated. Understanding this fact will positively affect the development of the individual.
The role of worldview in human life
The collection of the famous at one time Soviet philosopher Shchedrovitsky Georgy Petrovich says that today, sadly, people do not need thinking as such, we do not use it in the modern world. At first glance, this phrase may seem paradoxical and incomprehensible, which does not fit into our usual way of life, into our idea of ourselves and thinking. But if you reflect on the statement of Shchedrovitsky, you can find in him a sound grain. Modern man lives in a very stable world without mentioning, of course, those border points when we are faced with the death of loved ones, diseases, natural disasters, cataclysms. The sun shines with enviable constancy overhead, there is no nuclear war, and every day resembles groundhog day, and this is a very familiar situation. Moreover, very well-known key analysts of our time have thought a lot for you and me when they decided that we have what to buy from clothes, what is an ideal person, relationships between people, love, friendship. It was they who laid the idea of the "American dream" in our heads. So people learn to plunge into a state of constancy.
Modern interpretations
What is the role of worldview in human life? Today's philosophers and psychologists define thinking as a person’s ability to solve certain logical problems, create others, raise questions that have not yet been posed before them, the ability to find a way out of complex, complicated, contradictory situations, based on a “rational”, that is, a rational component of one’s life.
If we analyze our everyday life, then, unfortunately, we will overwhelmingly say that it is difficult to participate in such processes, that is, it is not easy for us to solve logical problems. It is much more convenient for many of us to close our eyes to the problem that has arisen, to assure ourselves that everything will go away by itself, you just need to wait or shift the responsibility to others. And all this follows from human perception. What role does worldview play in human life?
Thoughts are material?
We remember that thoughts can be brought to life by putting some mystical subtext into it. Yes, they actually have the ability to materialize, but it doesn’t work at the click of a finger.
Depending on how we think what kind of things we imagine, what exactly we are projecting, in the end our real life is built up. So what role does a worldview play in human life? There are countless answers to this question. However, one of the most popular and well-known definitions today is as follows: "A worldview is a set of the most general ideas of a person about the world, about its place in it, about the possibilities and ways of turning opportunities into reality."
This interpretation involves an approach to each individual situation individually, depending on the specific situation that creates this or that background for actions. All people have different attitudes to their capabilities and turn them into reality, have different aggregate ideas about what is good and what is bad. In philosophy, these concepts are called "About Existing and About Due": that which is, and that which should really be.
The right to an opinion
According to philosophy, the worldview in the modern world plays and should play a huge role in human life, because all this helps a person to form an opinion. Real, your own, genuine, original, not subject to any standard template behavior, saturated with pre-made labels, prejudices, standard settings. The phenomenon itself and its structure will be presented below in the article.
Concept, types, levels
What is it really, and what role does the worldview play in human life? The concept used in the usual way for us was first used by the representative of classical German philosophy, Friedrich Schelling. He suggested that there is such an interesting thing called “a view of the world” and that every person has this view.
Today we are talking about the fact that the definition of “worldview” includes several components: firstly, it is a worldview, worldview, this is actually the level of worldview, and worldview. Let's consider in more detail.
Attitude
This is the primary stay of a person in this world, the level of comfortable or uncomfortable being in the environment. Features of the worldview are that even in infants who are not yet fully personalities, who are not yet socialized, they already have the rudiments of a worldview level.
If you watch small children, you can see unusual things. For example, the child’s pose when he is sleeping, spreading arms and legs to the sides. This is a position of complete acceptance of the world, when the child feels safe and comfortable, he is well and comfortable.
And there is another type of children who live in baby homes that parents abandoned. These children, who are still far from becoming personal, rarely cry. For one simple reason: because they understand that it is useless for them to scream, because everything in such places happens at strictly defined hours. Thus, this unformed person already takes care that resources are not wasted. He conserves his strength and energy.
And such a moment of finding comfort is the level of our emotional sensory state, our moods, feelings, fluid, plastic, volatile emotional states. For the same reason, waking up and seeing a snowy fairy tale, beauty on the street, we feel that something has started up inside, joy has appeared. And if outside the window there is rain, slush, the condition is very unpleasant, we turn on sad music and fall into melancholy.
The way of life that people lead does not lend itself to such a harsh interpretation, the development of a worldview.
Worldview
The component of our worldview is how we look at the world, relationships, this is the level of reason, common sense, the level of formation of elementary relationships between ourselves, other people, the individual and others. The level of worldview, as already mentioned, is a combination of more general ideas about oneself and a place in this world.
Outlook
This is the totality (system) of concepts that are abstract abstract definitions, that is, the relationship between the representations that exist in the psyche of each person. The peculiarity of the worldview can also be attributed to the fact that it can exist without linguistic means, we have an inner sensation, and we can not express it out loud.
But worldview is impossible without a linguistic analogue, that is, it is impossible to grasp and understand some things without saying them.
Worldview Elements
In the component of the modern worldview, four elements are usually distinguished in the literature. Firstly, it is a cognitive and cognitive aspect, all the practical, elementary, everyday knowledge that each of us acquires throughout our lives. As a rule, he is greatly influenced by such moments as the geographical component (the place of birth of a person), the historical moment (era), the emotional background present in the life of absolutely any person, temperament, characteristics of the nervous system, the distinguishing features of the environment in which we grow up, character (sanguine, phlegmatic, choleric, melancholy), accentuation of character (pedantry, absolute freedom).
This also includes the phenomenon of norms and values. It is important to take into account religious, social, value, historical norms.
Worldview and life values depend not only on the country, era, geography, but also on gender. All this is laid in us almost from the very moment of birth. For example, still girls and boys are brought up differently, that is, they are taught differently to relate to pain, to another person.
Another component of the formation of a worldview is practice. Without putting it into practice, this factor does not exist. As Karl Marx once said, "practice is the criterion of truth." That is, we can have different views and ideas about the world, but without translating them into reality it is impossible to achieve success. A worldview that gives us any dividends is considered successful.
Types of Worldview
In philosophical literature there are two types: ordinary and scientific. Today we are talking about the spontaneous nature of the ordinary worldview. This means that we are not making any conscious effort to form a worldview, that is, it is due to the present moment, the momentary current situation. It is characterized by methodological omnivorousness, that is, the absorption of different views, exposure to other people's opinions without much criticism. Thus, the everyday view of the world is purely subjective, based on judgments, which in turn tend to be replaced, sometimes even by the opposite.
The scientific view is characterized by the following features: logical consistency (the presence of such a system in a person that allows him to explain, based on his system, all the events that happen to him, to build his life, to do some kind of action), the systematic nature of consciousness, its structural independence of thinking. Such a person is difficult to impose someone else's opinion.
Types of Worldview
The concept of worldview and its structure can be represented in various keys, but historically the foundations of the worldview have developed from three types. The first type is the most basic, the most global, which occurs first of all. This is a mythological worldview. It originates in the field of legends and traditions.
A man in the grip of a mythological worldview is not a free person. Like an archaic man, bound by chains of bondage, who was dependent on all natural phenomena and his own tribesmen, because he did not have the right to his personal opinion. In case of disobedience, he could be subjected to death or ostracism (exile).
Mythological type
Mythology in its essence is a fantastic reflection of reality, which at the same time claims to be a reality. These are not just fairy tales, legends, parables. This is a person's opportunity to describe this world.
But why explain the space surrounding us? To stop being afraid of him. Therefore, mythology also has an anthropomorphic character, because all the deities representing the elements are endowed with a human face. Until now, as before, mythology plays a leading role in the modern world. It is preserved due to the same semantic load and charge that were born in a primitive society.
The fact is that people are used to building an integral picture of the world in their imagination, otherwise they feel uncomfortable in a suspended state. The crumbs of the available knowledge are terrifying to a comprehensive ignorance, so a person has learned to independently transform the space around him.
Religious type
The second type is a type of religious worldview. Scientists connect the emergence of religion with the development of class society, the emergence of inequalities, both social and material.
So there was an iron need to get rid of possible social tension, coups, revolutions. Religion easily and conveniently grabbed the relay flag from mythology in order to avoid unrest. Even the term “relaye” itself means “to bind”. A religious worldview, the significance of which is more progressive for society, in this sense bypasses the mythological. In religion, a person has the right to some kind of freedom. This is especially pronounced in Christianity through free will: God rules the universe, and we are responsible for our fate.
If we compare the deities of Ancient Greece and Christian, we can see that the Greek gods had a clear essence and did not always surpass man, while the gods in modern religions are supernatural. Despite the apparent secularization, beliefs in higher beings leave the leading positions, however, for the coming years, they will definitely hold on to the throne of world power.
Philosophical type
The third type of worldview is philosophical. It is characterized by the presence of a free critical assessment of oneself, another person, the world, society, their place in this life.
It is one of the most progressive worldviews at the moment. After all, it is expressed in the ability to defend one’s position, relying solely on the rational aspect, regardless of sensory awareness of oneself in this world. This is the ability to use "ration", intelligence. The most important thing in the philosophical worldview is the development of one’s own opinion, outlook on life. It can be inherent in absolutely any person, not necessarily a philosopher.
Is it possible to change the worldview?
It is no secret that throughout life an adult grows psychologically over himself, acquiring new knowledge and experience. Sometimes completely sharp turns can change a person beyond recognition. It happened that ardent church fanatics became avid atheists, and it happened the other way around. Successful people can quit a multi-million dollar business and go travel or live in a village. The worldview is like plasticine, it can be crushed, changed and built through perfection, the pursuit of moral ideals, traveling around the world. To know yourself, you need to read a lot of philosophical and psychological literature.
World View in the 19th Century
After the collapse of the USSR, many people experienced an ideological crisis, which appeared due to the collapse of hopes and ideals inherent in communist society. Now everything is based on consumption, everyone deserves everything, the concepts of honor, respect, love have faded into the background. The era of consumers laid the thought in society: "Life is pleasure." This is pure hedonism in all its manifestation. On the other hand, this is not such a bad way to distract people from negative thoughts.
We hope this article has clarified the concept of worldview and its structure as clearly as possible, because simplicity of presentation is the key to understanding information.