Unfortunately, despite the obvious improvements from the memorable nineties, the criminal situation in a number of places leaves much to be desired. In such a situation, many people think about acquiring weapons. However, in practice, it is not enough just to save money for one or another “trunk” for this. In order to avoid problems with the law, you have to go through a rather complicated, multi-way procedure - obtaining a license for weapons.
Let's try to consider this process in detail.
Categories
Getting a weapon license step-by-step begins with exploring the categories of weapons. It is necessary to decide which type you need and for what purposes, since this will largely determine the subsequent actions of the future licensee. Four main categories can be distinguished here.
- Weapons designed for self defense. This includes the so-called "traumatic weapon" (in common people - "traumatic"), with rubber or metal-rubber damaging elements; gas weapons, the damaging effect of which is based on irritating respiratory organs or the nerve effects of certain gases; Airguns; short-barreled firearms and others.
- Weapons for hunting purposes. Everything is clear from the name itself: hunting rifles. True, very often they are acquired, first of all, for self-defense, and only in the second (and even then not always) for hunting bunnies and grouse. Two large categories are distinguished here - smooth-bore weapons and rifled weapons, characterized by an increased range of aimed fire and which is more difficult to obtain than a smooth-bore weapon (and only with five years of experience with the owner of a smoothbore gun).
- Weapons for sports purposes. A license for it is issued only with the assistance of the corresponding sports federation of Russia.
- Weapons, which is an organic element of a national costume. These include various Cossack sabers, daggers in national costumes of various Caucasian peoples, etc.
- Collectible. Different types of collection weapons.
Different conditions for obtaining weapons
The most troublesome, perhaps, is to obtain a license for hunting weapons. In addition to obtaining a license, in this option you will become a member of a hunting club, as well as confirm your membership in it. In addition, you will have to go through two stages of licensing. Firstly, obtaining a license for smoothbore weapons. After this, at least five years should pass. Secondly, after several years of owning it, a license for rifled weapons is obtained.
The procedure for obtaining weapons for representatives of the respective national communities has been somewhat simplified (in the case of receiving weapons for a national costume). It is also easier to obtain a license for the acquisition of weapons to representatives of the government “at execution” - police officers, prosecutors, judges, special services, military personnel and so on.
The next step is to analyze the possibility of obtaining a license for this type of weapon.
Who cannot be licensed?
A citizen will be refused a gun license if:
- He did not pass the necessary medical examinations (lack of contraindications, lack of narcotic or psychotropic compounds in the body).
- Has not reached the age of 21 years (for all citizens and all types of weapons; 18 years for persons performing military or other paramilitary service with the appropriate rank or rank; 18 years for weapons defined as (for wearing with national costumes).
- If he is currently serving a sentence.
- If a citizen has an outstanding or unexpunged criminal record for a deliberate criminal act.
- If there is a canceled or withdrawn criminal record for a serious offense committed using weapons.
- There is no permanent residency mark.
- He is repeatedly prosecuted for certain types of administrative offenses, until the end of the sentence.
- A person in court is deprived of the right to acquire weapons.
- A citizen is registered with the appropriate medical institution for drug or alcohol addiction or psychopathology.
- He did not provide information on passing training, on passing a knowledge test in the field of handling weapons
What diseases do not have a weapons license?
The list of diseases that make it impossible to obtain a license for weapons consists of two groups - diseases of the nervous system and eye diseases.
The first group includes mental disorders of a protracted and chronic nature, with persistent severe manifestations or frequent exacerbations (including schizophrenic disorders, neurotic stress disorders, behavior and personality disorders, mental retardation, and others).
The second group includes a drop in visual acuity to indicators less than 50% in the best eye and less than 20% in the worst eye, as well as other serious violations of the visual apparatus.
A complete list can be found in the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation under the number 143 of 02/19/15.
Safe
If before the law you are clean and in good health, you have complete order, then the next step will be to install a gun safe at home or a gun cabinet. Here it is better to immediately approach the employee of the Ministry of the Interior, who is responsible for this area of activity in your area (you can find out by calling the person on duty at the police department indicated on the registration page of your passport) and check with him what requirements the safe will have to store this particular weapons.
Since the requirements for specialized safes are not clearly defined and many points are left to the discretion of a specific police officer, this conversation can subsequently save you a lot of nerves, and possibly money. It is especially necessary to clarify the required size of the fireproof cabinet, the need for its rigid attachment to the wall, the location in the house or apartment, and so on.
Training
Training to obtain a license for traumatic weapons or any other can be taken at any specialized educational institution in your city, provided that it has the appropriate license. Otherwise, it will be a waste of time and effort.
The training itself for obtaining a weapon license consists of theoretical and practical exercises. Typically, such courses are very short and do not exceed six academic hours.
Theory
On the theoretical part of the training, the main provisions of federal law will be discussed that directly affect your relationship with the state in connection with the future purchase, storage and use of weapons. In particular, they will tell you the main provisions of the law "On Weapons", which would be nice to read in advance, because remembering everything in a short hours of training is impossible.
Also, in theory, you will be told the basic rules for handling different types of weapons and many related nuances, in particular, the rules for caring for weapons, the rules for protecting the organs of vision and hearing when shooting, and so on. In general, the information is quite necessary and useful.
Practice
The practical part of the training is even more interesting.
Here, each applicant will be trained to shoot. Moreover, the minimum number of shots that each student will have to do is twenty-five shots from different types of self-defense guns.
Depending on the type of weapon used, the firing range will be from three to twenty-five meters, while training will be provided on firing from two main positions - with emphasis and without it (that is, standing).
Exam
In addition to the fact that during the training a person will immediately demonstrate his basic weapons handling skills obtained here (shooting, reloading, cleaning), in the end he will need to pass a small exam. Examination tickets will be offered, it is necessary to answer the questions of one of them.
The questions themselves will be considered during the training period in the center where it is carried out.
After passing this exam, a trained and tested citizen will be issued with a corresponding certificate, which will be needed in the future when passing the licensing procedure.
Package of documents for obtaining a license
To obtain a license for a weapon, giving the right to purchase it, you will need to collect a package of documents:
- A document proving the citizenship of the Russian Federation (passport, temporary passport, etc.).
- Application for a corresponding license.
- A document confirming that the future licensee has received appropriate training in handling weapons and has the necessary skills.
- The conclusion of the medical organization about the absence of contraindications in the appropriate form (valid for 12 months, carried out at the expense of the citizen).
- Analysis for the absence of narcotic or psychotropic action products in the body and the corresponding medical opinion on the basis of the analysis (valid for 12 months, carried out at the expense of the citizen).
Paragraphs 4, 5 of the list of documents for obtaining a license for a weapon are provided if a citizen first receives a license.
Upon obtaining a license by a citizen who is in the service of a state organization of a paramilitary type (army, police, court, etc.), he must be provided with:
- A document proving the citizenship of the Russian Federation (passport, temporary passport, etc.).
- Application for a corresponding license.
- A document certifying that a citizen has served in this organization and that he has a special or military rank (class rank of justice).
If a citizen receives a license to purchase weapons with muzzle energy characteristics of more than 7.5 joules (pneumatic or gunshot) for playing sports, then you must additionally attach such a document as the application of the corresponding All-Russian Sports Federation.
Retake
To confirm the license, among other things, once every five years, you must receive the following documents:
- A document confirming the successful passage of a test of knowledge of the rules and the availability of skills for the safe handling of appropriate weapons.
- Documents confirming the passage of a medical examination (conclusion) both for the absence of medical contraindications and for the absence of psychoactive, psychotropic and narcotic compounds in the body.