The complex, multifaceted genre found in many forms of art is a political satire. To use it professionally means to have a broad outlook, well-read, knowledge of political science, to accept constructive criticism, to master the art of eloquence in perfection and to seriously approach this genre. He does not tolerate a deliberately subjective look, with his help it is easy to hurt someone else's feelings, insult, humiliate.
What is satire?
Satire is a genre of literature and art, which is a comic or poetic denunciation of negative phenomena in life and society with the help of irony, sarcasm, exaggeration, allegory, parodies and grotesque. The essence of satire is to use artistic techniques and literary means to achieve destructive criticism of absurdities, contradictions and vices. Often in satire use the technique of excessive exaggeration. The genre of satire for many centuries, and in every era it was used to identify negative social and political events. Satire is always aimed at people and phenomena.
Satirical works can be moral, political, religious. Criticism in satire is conducted from the position of an unexpressed ideal. In ancient times, the satirical one was a mixture of poetry and prose, later in Rome the genre gained independence. It used dances, songs, poetry. Samples of the art of satire created by Juvenal and Horace. With the help of the genre, vicious phenomena of life are ridiculed. In the literature there are whole works of the satirical, individual episodes, situations or images. You should be careful with political satire, because this genre may be limited by censorship.
Political satire
The political satire genre has always been popular. Despite the fact that he refers to literature, satirical finds manifestation in the executive and visual arts. In political satire, individual and social imperfections, folly, abuse of power, negative actions of politicians with the help of irony, burlesque and other methods are exposed. The genre of political satire is intended not only to amuse the audience, but also to attack the objectionable manifestation of reality. This is the main goal that is achieved through humor.
Literary techniques, such as sarcasm, irony, contrast, help to achieve a certain result. The founders of the political satire genre were Lucius, Annius, Horace, Aristophanes. It must necessarily contain notes of soft humor, which is designed to smooth out criticism to a specific address. Otherwise, the satire looks like a sermon, a dry account or a lecture.
The meaning of satire
Political satire arose thanks to the literature of ancient Rome. It includes poetic and lyrical works of various sizes and meanings. In them, the reader finds the indignant, condemning in various degrees of denial - the image of specific individuals, groups, phenomena. Satire - the responsible art genre of free speech - must be distinguished from libel and pamphlet.
The artistic value of political satire and its significance lies in the social and moral content, lyrical uplift, the height of the ideal of the satirist. The lyrical subjective color of the satirical work deprives the genre of artistic objectivity, therefore political satire is transient.
Famous satirists
Political satire manifests itself in all forms of art - this is its main difference from the purely literary genre. It is found in theater, literature, movies, journalism. Previously, satire flourished in Greece, Arab countries, Persia, medieval Europe, America, Victorian England. It was widely used as a method of exposure in the twentieth century, during the existence of the USSR and, of course, in modern times.
Famous Soviet satirists I. Ilf and E. Petrov wrote the novel “12 Chairs,” which, with the help of humor and literary techniques, ridicules the newly formed Soviet society. Political satire involved: V. Mayakovsky, Yu. Olesha, D. Harms, M. Bulgakov, S. Marshak. Many Soviet satirists were subjected to repression and censorship for using this genre.
During the “thaw”, satirical films and television shows appear that openly and with humor denounce power. Modern satirists are A. Raikin, M. Zhvanetsky, G. Khazanov, S. Altov, A. Arkanov, L. Izmailov, M. Zadornov. Today, the political satire genre in Russia does not reach the popular, large-scale level that it was in the Soviet years.
Popular quotes and aphorisms
The most interesting and memorable was the political satire (quotes, statements, aphorisms) during the USSR. It was from there that amazing comedy films, poems, prose, denouncing the objectionable phenomena of time came from. During the reign of Brezhnev there were many jokes about him and his politics. Everyone knows that Leonid Ilyich loved medals and orders, which he awarded himself, sometimes undeservedly. That is why the following anecdote appeared: “An earthquake occurred in Moscow. It happened because Brezhnev’s jacket with medals fell off the chair. ”
In the 21st century, political satire moved from the field of literature to art. Today, caricature pictures can often be found in socio-political newspapers, major Russian and foreign publications.