Our children are our gold, which we value and try to protect in every possible way. Their health for loving parents is always in the first place. Unfortunately, children are sometimes born with some disabilities or acquire them at a very young age. Often, at the same time, visual impairment is observed, and then you have to turn to different specialists, which include a typhlopedologist. This is a profession, perhaps few people are familiar, and therefore try to understand it.
A bit of clarity
A pedagogue is a person who, as a leading specialist, coordinates and directs correctional and pedagogical work with visually impaired children, including those who are blind from birth.
The specialist can conduct his activities in some areas:
- conducting a survey of students;
- corrective special classes with children of preschool age;
- active participation in school life;
- in addition to the children themselves, the specialist also works with their parents.
For a specialist to be able to effectively fulfill his duties, he must be familiar with the developmental characteristics of all his patients. In addition, the teacher is a person who is directly involved in the period of education of children in school. He can learn all this during a special examination, which is carried out on the basis of special schemes and techniques for working with schoolchildren who have visual pathology to one degree or another.
Based on the results of the survey, it is possible to understand which method is suitable for the student in accordance with his identified opportunities. At the same time, a special program is developed for each student, which the specialist adheres to during the class.
Profession feature
It is difficult to overestimate the importance of such a specialist as a typhlopedologist. This is an important profession, because up to 90% of all information a person perceives directly through vision. Healthy and keen eyes - this is one of the important factors of a full existence in society and the ability to survive in the wild conditions of nature. However, unfortunately, there are different situations, as a result of which you can lose your sight or be blind from birth. In this case, the deficiency has to be filled in other ways.
As a rule, those people who have lost their vision perceive the world around them a little differently. They usually have significantly improved hearing and acquired a special sensitivity on the fingers. Nevertheless, in such cases, external assistance is simply necessary, especially in the case of children.
Specialist Responsibilities
The main duty of such a specialist as a typhlopedologist is to teach visually impaired or completely blind children to receive and process all information about the world around them. For this, reading lessons are used, where special books with Braille are used.
It is also important to instill in them skills and self-service skills. But it is extremely important to teach children with such disabilities to navigate in space correctly. Also, the task of the teacher includes not only special training, but also the methods of moral, aesthetic and physical education.
Most children who have poor vision or have completely lost their vision do not want to dwell on any result achieved, but want to go further in their development. Any visually impaired person wants to get a higher education, to learn an interesting profession for himself, which he intends to work in the future. At the same time, many opt for some creative or scientific specialty. This is also due to the merit of teachers who teach all children the necessary skills so that in the future they can work in various fields of production.
History
Currently, there is a whole science called "typhlopedagogy", which comes from the merger of two words: Greek τυφλός (blind) and "pedagogy" - and is a section of defectology. However, everything had a beginning, and the founder of this science was a teacher from France V. Gayui (1745-1822), who adhered to the views of D. Didro.
In his homeland and in Russia, Gayui founded the first educational institution where a blind child can get a good education. Thanks to him, a systematic training of the blind or visually impaired was formed. In addition, from now on, people of this "category" began to be treated more humanely, like any full-fledged person who also needs to get an education and a job.
Here it is worth noting another personality - L. Braille (1809-1852), who is the author of a system that has changed the traditionally used teaching of blind people. It is based on six-digit combinations and covers not only alphabetic, mathematical, but also other symbols. As a result, the blind are free to write and read. Braille himself has been blind since he was three years old. First, he was a pupil of the Paris National Institute for people who have lost their eyesight, and then his work was the work of the teacher.
In France, the first Braille book was printed in 1852, and in Russia it appeared some time later - in 1885. Schools for the blind began to appear in Russia in 1807, and several similar educational institutions were opened during the 19th century. Education at that time cost a lot of money - about 300 rubles per year.
Is it possible to become a teacher
If someone is interested in this profession, then it can be mastered in any pedagogical university at the faculty of defectology. However, one desire is not enough, it is necessary to be able to work with blind children. It is also important to understand how the visually impaired perceives the world and how its psyche works.
In addition, you need to have many necessary qualities. It is always necessary to remain kind to children, to love them, to be responsible. But the most important thing is to have a desire to help the weak.