A federal wanted list is declared by law enforcement authorities when measures taken by the local wanted list are exhausted, and the objectives of these measures have not been achieved.
The federal search for criminals implies a whole range of actions of a different nature, namely, the internal affairs bodies carry out operational-search, information, reference, operational work, the purpose of which is to detect the wanted person. In their work, the authorities use any information from the address bureau, the signal system of all information centers of the Internal Affairs Directorate, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, as well as all regions that are part of the Russian Federation.
There is a category of persons who are declared immediately on the Federal Wanted list of Russia, as soon as a procedural decision is made allowing the search. Such persons include:
- persons accused of committing grave and especially grave crimes ;
- armed criminals;
- criminals who escaped from prison;
- criminals who escaped from custody;
- persons who have been found to have a substance that could harm human health and life.
Persons who have disappeared with the car are put on the federal wanted list by means of a search institution, which is accompanied by a cryptogram.
Detailed information about persons immediately declared on the federal wanted list is urgently transmitted by the information centers of the Internal Affairs Directorate or the Ministry of Internal Affairs via encrypted communication channels to the Main Information Center at the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs, immediately after which a decision is sent to declare the person on the federal wanted list.
Then, the internal affairs bodies of the 8th Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia transfer information about the announcement to the federal wanted list to the leadership of their headquarters. Information on the federal wanted list for certain persons from the Main Information Department is transmitted in encrypted form to all ATC and the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the regions using electronic communications. Further, all the information received is placed in the file cabinets of the address bureaus and information centers.
A federal search is also provided for persons missing, if the local search did not bring satisfactory results within 3 months from the day the necessary measures began.
If, in the opinion of the head of the internal affairs department, there is every reason to consider local measures exhausted before the deadline, then the decision to declare a federal wanted list can be taken ahead of schedule.
It is possible to declare a person on the federal wanted list in accordance with the resolution of the internal affairs department conducting a local wanted list. At the same time, an ATS officer fills in the IPC (information retrieval card), which indicates all the available information regarding the links of the wanted person and places in which there is a high probability of his occurrence. In the case of additional information, the employee makes adjustments to the IPC.
The breadth of such a problem as the search for people, statistics say. According to 2009 data, more than 345 thousand people were declared on the federal wanted list, among whom 65 thousand were missing, about 25 thousand were considered as persons who lost contact with relatives, the rest are deserters, criminals, patients who fled from psychiatric hospitals, persons wanted by Interpol, malicious defaulters.
Missing, as a rule, include people who have left to study, to work, who have gone on vacation or to other regions to earn money, and who have not returned for a long time. According to the police themselves, based on the data of the search practice, about 80% of people in this category are most likely no longer alive. In some cases, you can only find their remains.
According to the same statistical data, about 44 thousand males and approximately 33 thousand were female in the federal wanted list. Half of the total number of wanted persons are criminals, about 4 thousand of whom committed murder, 185 people are dangerous repeat offenders accused of committing especially serious crimes.