Any intelligent creature has its own formed worldview. This philosophical concept means the sum of the views, beliefs that allow a person to have a holistic view of the surrounding reality, to determine their place in the world. Consider the worldview and its historical types.
As you know, philosophers have long imagined that in the world of the future there will be no wars, class inequality, and misunderstanding of generations. However, with each passing year (decade), it becomes clear that this is rather a utopia, far from reality, worthy of science fiction books. In such conditions, worldview problems come to the fore, forcing a person to think about what is happening.
The worldview is conditionally divided into three forms:
- Understanding. A mental analysis of the processes of objective reality.
- The attitude. Getting information about the environment with the help of the senses.
- Worldview. Creating complete images based on visual examples.
A person who has set himself the task of studying the worldview and its historical types must be prepared for a large amount of information. The above types are divided into ordinary, religious, philosophical and mythological worldview.
Interestingly, it is impossible to understand the worldview and its historical types without revealing the meaning of each component point. So let's start in order.
An ordinary worldview has always been, as it is part of both science and philosophy (including religion with mythology). Participation in the production of something (labor activity), simple observation of natural processes, life, rest, the cultural component of human life and communication - all this forms an ordinary type of worldview. Such a large list allows us to argue that this type is never repeated, being completely individual for each person (read - subjective). At the same time, all subsequent species are based on it.
It is not surprising that complexity often arises with what is meant by the concept of "worldview and its historical types." On the other hand, it is enough to indicate the components - this will give at least a general idea. Following the mundane is a mythological worldview (sometimes indicated as the first type).
It is created by human consciousness on the basis of logical generalizations obtained from everyday observation. The peculiarity is a partial violation of the logical chain of reasoning (it is impossible to directly prove anything), but it is confirmed by direct observations of natural processes (clouds - thunder - rain - God's transport - roar). In mythology, unlike science, everything is explained. The less developed the analytical approach to comprehending objective reality, the more common is the mythological worldview. That is why at the dawn of the history of mankind, mythology played such an essential role, allowing us to explain all natural phenomena.
The basis of a religious worldview (the second type) is an unprovable belief in the existence of organizing forces that lie outside the understanding of man. Currently, a significant part of the world's population forms its layer of the world on the basis of religion.
The philosophical (third) type of worldview determines the desire to comprehend the secrets of nature and man, to wisdom.
There are practical and theoretical levels of worldview. The first is life (unscientific), based on observations of everyday events. The second - scientific, includes analysis and conclusions. Philosophy uses precisely the theoretical level.
In principle, the division into types of worldview in philosophy has become possible precisely because of the theoretical basis. The term "philosophy" itself came from the two Greek words "filo" - to love and "sophos" - wisdom.