Agriculture is increasingly gaining popularity in Russia. But not everyone can afford the acquisition of new equipment for processing fields and harvesting. If the area is small, then a small and versatile transport is best suited for work, while being relatively low cost.
Tractor T-40
T-40 - a tractor that has become almost a legend. The famous brand, which was produced from 1961 until 1991 at a tractor factory located in the city of Lipetsk.
This T-40 tractor was mainly used for plowing fields, as well as processing fairly light soils. Harvesting hay is not excluded. Due to its small size and at the same time acceptable power, the tractor was also used for work in the greenhouse, as well as for a variety of cargo transportation.
Design
T-40 - a tractor with a completely standard semi-frame design, which consists of a carrier box for gear shifting, as well as a dependent rear axle. The motor is located in the front part, it is mounted on a small separate frame, which, in turn, is rigidly attached to the T-40 transmission case. The tractor is famous for its reliable rear-wheel drive, rotation is transmitted to wheels with an increased diameter. The wheels are attached to the frame using a stiffer suspension.
The front, concurrently guiding, wheels are significantly smaller in diameter than the rear. The T-40 AM tractor differs from all other modifications with a front axle drive. On the vehicle, the designers have the opportunity to adjust and, when changing the type of work, change the ride height, as well as the wheel track. To be able to work on very steep slopes, to ensure normal stability, there is the possibility of increasing the gauge. Wheels are installed on the T-40 tractor inside-out.
Engine
T-40 - a tractor on which, regardless of configuration, a diesel engine of the D-37 brand is installed. A feature of such a power plant is the presence of an air cooling system. The T-40 tractor (photo below) can also be equipped with a D-144 brand engine with a power of 50 horses. Earlier versions were launched using an additional PD-8 engine running on gasoline. On later configurations, an electric starter was installed with the possibility of starting from the cabin.
Transmission
Thanks to a specially designed reversing system installed on the T-40, the tractor can operate using the entire set of available speeds when moving both forward and backward. An interesting design feature is the location of the bevel gear. It is located immediately after the clutch, and as a result, it was necessary to install the transmission shafts transversely. To carry out work at low speeds, it is possible to install an additional creeper, working with a hydrostatic or mechanical drive. The T-40 has two shafts for power take-off - one rear and the other side. Repair of the T-40 tractor is much easier to carry out, just because of such a convenient location of all working nodes.
Work
This tractor has the ability to work with almost any mounted or trailed equipment, which was developed for both heavier models, like MTZ, as well as lighter ones like T-25. This is one of the main advantages, since there is no need to create separate equipment for this model or modify existing ones. The presence of two multi-mode PTO can significantly increase the scope of this technique.
Engine repair
Sometimes such situations occur when during operation one of the parts stops working normally, this can not be avoided, you can only fix it. The most common problem that the T-40 tractor "suffers" (photos are given in the article) and its engine - sometimes the engine does not start. The main reason for this is the appearance of blockages in the interior of the fuel line. To fix this is quite simple - you need to rinse all the hoses, then blow them out and dry them. Only then try to start the power plant again. In some cases, everything is much simpler - air got into the pipeline. The solution is to remove the air bubble by completely filling the system. If the filters are out of order, rinsing them and replacing them will not be difficult because of the convenient location of the working elements on the frame.
Sometimes the motor may not work at full strength or with minor interruptions. In this case, there may be several reasons: air in the power system (this can be solved by blowing and cleaning); Also, the cause of unstable operation may be the freezing of individual elements - valves in the head of the block, plunger or needle, which is used in the nozzle atomizer. All items must be removed and cleaned. If cleaning does not produce the desired result, replace with new ones.
Before starting repair of the T-40 tractor, it is necessary to check the fuel line for clogging, as well as carry out pump diagnostics. The normal start of the engine can be affected by the condition of the air filter. With insufficient air, an enriched mixture is obtained. The result of this may be unstable operation of the power unit, as well as increased fuel consumption at a relatively low power, uncharacteristic for such an engine.
Front axle
On the T-40, the front axle does not play the last role, especially when working or driving in off-road conditions. He is the leader in the T-40AM, which greatly increases traction, as well as the level of patency of vehicles. Main work items:
- gearbox;
- transfer case;
- differential;
- suspension;
- final drive.
In the T-40AM, the main gear consists of two gears, one of which is the drive gear, and the second is driven.
Differential is necessary in order to be able to rotate the wheels at an angle (during bumps or when cornering), as well as at different speeds.
The transfer case acts as a kind of binder between the wheels, as well as the drive. Final drives are installed to provide lower speeds.
It is very important to remember that in the case of installing wheels with a rather large diameter and when the front axle is off, slippage of the wheels located at the rear is possible.