VAZ-2109 - this is perhaps one of the most famous and common cars in Russia. As you know, the VAZ "ninth family" was equipped with three power units. Each of them differed in its capacity and working volume. Today we will consider how the engine is arranged (VAZ-2109-21099) and find out how to tune it.
First engine
Initially, the “nine” was equipped with one 1.3-liter gasoline engine, which produced up to 64 horsepower. This unit is an eight-valve, with a carburetor type of power. Injection prototypes appeared only in the early 2000s.
With such an engine, the car gained “hundred” in 16 seconds. At the same time, its maximum speed according to passport data was 148 kilometers per hour.
VAZ-2109 with a 1.5-liter engine
Due to the fact that the ninth Lada family had very low dynamics characteristics, a decision was made at the Volga Automobile Plant to develop a new and more dynamic engine. They became the 1.5-liter 8-valve carburetor-gasoline engine. VAZ-2109, namely its export modifications, had already not a carburetor, but an injection type of injection. It was this 1.5-liter engine that was installed on most VAZs of the “eighth” and “ninth” families.
Injector Modifications
In 2000, the Volga plant upgraded the old 1.5-liter carburetor engine and made it an injector. Thanks to the distribution injection system, the engine power has significantly increased - up to 78 “horses”, torque has increased, while fuel consumption has decreased. It should also be emphasized the environmental friendliness of the "nines", which have an injection engine.
VAZ-2109 and technical characteristics of its internal combustion engine
Let's look at the characteristics of the most popular motor, which has been installed on the "nine" for over 10 years. This is a one and a half liter 8-valve unit with a carburetor type of power. All the characteristics we will divide by points:
- The number of cylinders. There were 4 of them, as on all other ICE “nine”.
- The diameter of the piston. For each cylinder, it was 82 millimeters.
- The order of the motor: 1-3-4-2. This is the classic scheme of operation of all carburetor engines.
- The compression ratio is 9.9.
- Rated motor power . At 5600 rpm, it was fifty-one horsepower. In dynamics, this indicator increased to 68 horsepower.
- The minimum number of revolutions that a crankshaft can do is from 750 to 800.
- Piston stroke On a 1.5-liter engine, this figure was seventy-one millimeters.
- The maximum torque at 5600 rpm is 106.4 Nm.
Thanks to this unit, the Nine was one of the first domestic cars to have such excellent dynamics. The maximum speed of the car according to passport data was 148 kilometers per hour. At the same time, a jerk from zero to “hundreds” was estimated at 14-plus seconds. For cars of the late 80s, this is a very, very good dynamic indicator. Of course, now more powerful and economical analogues have appeared. However, our car owners have found a way to revive the good old "nine" and improve its "heart" to the maximum. As you might guess, this is engine tuning. VAZ-2109 can be modified in several ways. Below we will consider some of them.
Increase engine capacity
There are a number of different methods for forcing the VAZ engine. The most reliable of them is an increase in its working volume. The effectiveness of this method, as they say, is obvious. Judge for yourself - more combustible mixture enters the combustion chamber, respectively, in such an amount it gives a lot of energy. If you make a similar engine repair, the VAZ-2109 will become more powerful by 20-40 percent. But here's the problem - along with the power of the car, fuel consumption increases by 15-20 percent. Therefore, before proceeding with tuning, pay attention to the consequences. However, consumption is not such a significant problem. Instead of 7 liters, she will now “eat” 8.4. The difference is not scary or shocking.
So what is the essence of this method? All its peculiarity lies in the boring of the cylinder block under a larger piston diameter. In this case, it is necessary to purchase and install a new set of pistons and rings (also with a large diameter).
Crankshaft replacement
If you install on the "nine" another crankshaft (with a large radius of the crank), you can achieve a high piston stroke. Accordingly, the volume of the cylinders will be larger (that is, the engine will become more powerful). In this case, the VAZ-2109 will not “eat” more fuel, while its dynamics will increase significantly.
True, this is a more expensive method than boring a cylinder block. Among the new parts that need to be acquired for these works, it is worth highlighting such as:
- New crankshaft. The diameter of its crank must necessarily be from 75 to 80 millimeters.
- A set of new pistons. You should choose those that will fit the acquired crankshaft as much as possible. It is important to consider that the cylinder block has its maximum height and a very large piston will not work in it.
- Piston rings (compression and oil scraper kit).
In addition to this, you need to find a master who will perform work on boring the block for a given set of pistons. In time, the entire engine tuning (VAZ-2109-21099) can take from 1 to 3-4 weeks.
Finalization of the cylinder head
Oddly enough, but increasing the working volume is not always a profitable method of boosting the engine. Sometimes motorists resort to finalizing the cylinder head and replacing the camshaft with a tuning shaft (that is, non-standard). In fact, this method really impresses with its effectiveness. However, for this you need to spend a lot of time and effort, since the revision will concern not only the head of the block. This may be the installation of other seats, and the installation of new valves with a large diameter. If you make such an engine repair, the VAZ-2109 will be 5-15 percent more powerful depending on the amount of work done.
Exhaust system
Studies have shown that a car loses a significant part of its power precisely to the exhaust gas exit from the system. Accordingly, if you refine the exhaust system, you can significantly increase engine power. This method is good because it does not require an experienced locksmith's hand. Still in it there is no need to modify the motor directly. The engine remains the same. But in order for the gases to be released with greater speed, you need to carefully calculate the design of the exhaust system of your car. The whole point of refinement is to increase the diameter of the pipes, change their profile and internal polish. The method is less complicated than the previous two, but also very laborious.
What can it give? Thanks to the refinement of the exhaust system, engine power increases by 15 percent. If you take into account that during the work you never dismantled the motor, but simply “tuned” the pipes, this method can be considered one of the most effective among all others.
Engine replacement
VAZ-2109 is a very specific car. The fact is that the early engines installed on the "nine" have less power and weak - as by today's standards - dynamics. Everything radically changed only in the 2000s, when the Volga Automobile Plant began to equip the "nine" with new injection units. Thanks to the use of new technology for supplying fuel to the cylinder, the power and dynamics of acceleration of the car significantly increased. Why all this talk? The thing is that you can increase engine power without painful boring and refining the crankshaft. To do this, it is enough to buy and install the entire injector VAZ engine instead of the previous carburetor. However, this method is effective only for those who have carburetor 1.3 and 1.5-liter engines.
If you buy a new engine, the VAZ-2109 (the price of the motor of which is 25-30 thousand rubles) will become not only fast and maneuverable, but also economical in terms of fuel consumption. After all, whatever one may say, the injector is a more advanced fuel distribution system.
In this case, the old motor can always be sold for parts (or as a whole with attachments). As a result, the price of all tuning will be from 10 to 15 thousand rubles.
How long does it take to remove an engine? The VAZ-2109 has a relatively simple design, so you can replace the old carburetor with an injector in 1-2 days. It is important that the new motor also includes attachments. Without them, the new engine will not work. VAZ-2109 "injector" is characterized by low fuel consumption (about 6-7 liters) and high power. This is ideal for those who want to quickly and reliably increase the power of their "nine".
Installing a motor from a foreign car
Which engine on the VAZ-2109 can be installed with a foreign car? This question is very difficult, since there is no single answer to it. Some motorists advise to put the engine from the German Audi and Volkswagen 90s release. But one of the most suitable options is to install a motor from the Opel Vectra.
However, whatever this engine may be, it is better to mount it with a native gearbox. And this is an additional cost, and more so from the financial side. Plus, you will have to enter a new motor in the data sheet.
Which option is best?
As you can see, there are a lot of ways to refine the “nine” motor. We recommend just replacing the motor with another one. But not from a foreign car, but from an injection VAZ. So you will not have problems with installation (after all, the body structure has not changed for decades) and the queues in the traffic police. In an extreme case, you can make the motor in the TCP unlimited.
Well, in addition to the new engine, you can refine the old exhaust system, replace the manifold and muffler. Having performed all these operations, you will increase the power of your car by 30-40 percent. After such tuning, the car will “take a hundred” in 10, or even less seconds. The main thing is to know the sequence of all tuning works.