In the era of the USSR, the Zavolzhsky Plant was the only supplier of engines for various automobiles of the GAZ plant. Based on the standard eight-cylinder engine from ZMZ-53, many different versions of engines were produced that differed in working volume, power and type of attachment. In the photo - a typical "eight" GAZ.
general information
The ZMZ-505 engine is a V-shaped eight-cylinder engine equipped with a carburetor system for preparing and supplying fuel. Initially, the motor was created for installation on large-class cars produced by the GAZ plant. One of the most famous of these machines is the GAZ-14 "Seagull". As part of the fight against privileges, the production of this car was stopped and all body equipment was destroyed. But the GAZ-14 engine remained in production and was supplied to equip small-scale Volga vehicles in special configuration for the needs of the KGB.
Modernization
In the early 90s, the plant upgraded the engine, which was expressed in the appearance of a new designation - ZMZ-505. With a working volume of 5.53 liters, the power unit developed a capacity of up to 220 liters. forces. An increase in the performance of the ZMZ-505 engine was facilitated by an increase in the compression ratio to 8.5 units. But because of such high compression, the motor needed high-octane gasoline of the Extra brand AI-95 (according to modern terminology - A-95) or AI-98.
Such an engine was produced for the latest versions of the "catch-up" GAZ-24-34 (produced before the beginning of 1993). In the photo below you can see the ZMZ-505 engine under the hood of the Volga.
Design Features
The engine has an upper valve arrangement with a drive from the camshaft located in the collapse of the blocks. The profiles of the shaft cams had their curvature, which contributed to an increase in the power of the ZMZ-505. The valve actuator lacked hydraulic clearance compensators, unlike the previous version of the motor. Since a larger volume of the working mixture was required for operation, the cross section of the inlet channels in the heads was changed. The channels themselves are oval.
The crankshaft was equipped with a vibration damper, which significantly reduced vibration during engine operation. Instead of a centrifuge, an ordinary filter with a replaceable paper element was used to clean the oil. To ensure the operation of such a cleaning system, the ZMZ-505 engines were equipped with a more modern single-section oil pump.
For fuel, one or two four-chamber K-114 carburetors could be used. At the same time, the power of the ZMZ-505 with one carburetor was lower and amounted to about 195 liters. forces. The ignition system was duplicated and controlled from a microcontroller.