In Moscow and the Moscow region, there are several churches consecrated in honor of the holy unkilded Kosma and Damian. For example, to find one of them, you can go to Khimki. The Temple of Cosmas and Damian is also in the very center - in a place called Shubino, which is near Tverskaya Street. Another is located on Maroseyka street. It is about him that we will talk about in this article.
The history of the old temple
The building of the Kosmodemyanovsky church was built in 1793 on the site of the former church. So, it is difficult to say exactly how many years the Orthodox parish has been located in this place. It is only known that he was already at the beginning of the seventeenth century, that is, in the 1600s. There is also information that the former temple was made of stone and had two thrones, and the chapel in honor of Kosma and Damian was secondary, and the main altar of the temple was consecrated in honor of St. Nicholas. By the beginning of the eighteenth century, or maybe a little earlier, the temple of Cosmas and Damian on Maroseyka found a second tier, where an altar was built in honor of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God. This church was kept by Princess Evdokia Kurakina, until at the end of the eighteenth century she switched to parish support.
New temple
The need to rebuild the church building was caused by the dilapidation of the building, to worship in which it became unsafe. Therefore, the parish council decided to demolish the old building and build a new one, a petition was filed in 1790 to the then ruling bishop of the Moscow metropolis - Metropolitan Plato.
The modern temple of Cosmas and Damian on Maroseyka - this is the very new temple. At the same time, its central chapel was consecrated in honor of the Savior, the healer of the relaxed. But this happened only in 1803. And the first consecration took place in 1793, when the construction work of the southern aisle in honor of St. Nicholas was completed. The northern Kosmodemyanovsky chapel was consecrated in 1795.
Temple of Cosmas and Damian on Maroseyka after 1812
During the devastating intervention of the French army in Moscow in 1812, the temple was significantly damaged. Most of his beauty was lost, and the church had to be rebuilt for many more years.
Temple in the XX-XXI centuries
The Temple of Cosmas and Damian on Maroseyka entered the twentieth century with a rich and magnificent building. But ruin awaited him again, but this time not from the hands of foreign invaders, but from the Soviet government. With the change of power in Russia, religious policy changed dramatically, and this touched all the churches in the country, including the temple of Cosmas and Damian. Moscow, seized by the atheistic zeal of the Communists, lost many beautiful architectural monuments. The Kosmodemyanovsky church was also ordered to blow up, but this was not destined to happen. As a result, the temple building played the role of either an archive, a club, an educational institution or even a warehouse.
In the 1960s, several church buildings were demolished to make way for the construction of a large administrative building. At the same time, a gradual restoration of the building began. The exterior church decoration, including gilded crosses on the domes, was even restored. Inside, however, the temple was still a non-church building. In addition, from frequent redevelopments of his space, he came into disrepair.
Finally, in the summer of 1993, by decree of the Moscow government, the building was returned to the faithful of the Orthodox community of the Russian Orthodox Church. And already in the autumn of that year, the first liturgy in the side chapel, from the 30s, was celebrated in it. This happened on November 14, that is, on the holiday of Cosmas and Damian. A little later, services began to be carried out in the main aisle, although restoration work continues to this day.