The village of Velikaya Novoselka once had the beautiful name Big Yanisol (Salgir Yanisala). Formed by immigrants from the Crimea, the Greeks-Urumi and the Greek-Rumei. The former name is translated from the Urumic language as “a new village”, which subsequently determined the modern Ukrainian name Velika Novosilka.
Location
The village is located Velikaya Novoselka in the Donetsk region and is the center of Velikonovoselkovsky district. It is located on the Priazovskaya Upland, at the mouth of the Kashlagach River, at its confluence with the Mokry Yaly River. In the summer, Kashlagach dries up. In this case, stretches are formed. It is covered with ice in December, opened in March.
History of education
The year of foundation of the village of Big Yanisol - 1779, the year of renaming to Velikaya Novoselka - 1946. It is considered that the founders of the Crimean villages Ayan and Ozenbash are considered its founders. One part of the village - the Greek Rumei spoke Greek, the other part - the Greek Urumi in the Urumic language, very similar to the Crimean Tatar, for which they received the name "Tatars". For a long time, part of the settlement of Big Yanisol was called Ozenbash in honor of the Crimean village.
The reason for the resettlement is unknown, but each family received 30 acres of land, was exempted from all taxes for 10 years, and from recruitment for 100 years. The village was divided into two parts. In one lived the Greeks-Rumei, or as they were called by the Greeks, the Greeks, in the other, the Greeks-Urumi or simply Tatars.
Crafts and crafts
The main occupation of immigrants from the Crimea was cattle breeding and agriculture, as well as trade and silk production. Initially, farming was communal, plots were redistributed every 10-12 years. The village lived and expanded. Gradually, crafts and crafts began to develop. The main thing was pottery. Various pottery, tiles, or, as the locals called it, “Tatar”, were made here.
By the beginning of the twentieth century, there were two brick factories, 17 windmill mills, and four forges in which various hardware and agricultural products were manufactured. Big Yanisol was famous for leather dressing and leather goods. Still famous, the village was weaving, such as linen, paths. Here they made woolen carpets and knitted good-quality woolen products.
Big Yanisol XX century
Over the years, the settlement flourished and expanded. In addition to the indigenous people, Russians, Ukrainians, Belarusians and Turks lived in Bolshoi Yanisol. The village reached its greatest prosperity during the years of the Soviet Union. If in 1920 5200 people lived here, then by 1990 the population of Velikaya Novoselka was 8300 people.
Over the years, schools, a hospital and a polyclinic, technical schools, a music school, sports facilities, a library, a cinema, a health center were built in the village, 2 new microdistricts, a dairy, and a telephone station were built. Plumbing and gasification. Great Novoselki become an urban-type settlement. The richest collective farm, called the "Homeland", acted on the territory of the village.
Present
The beginning of the 90s marked the heyday of Greek culture. A community of Greeks was formed in the region, and the study of the modern Greek language was organized. Two annual festivals of the Greeks of Priazovye under the name "Mega Yurts" were held here twice.
Today, the Great Novoselka of the Donetsk region has its own gymnasium, into which secondary school No. 1 was renamed. According to statistics, in 2013 the population of the village decreased by 2000 and amounted to 6089 people.
It is difficult to say how many people live in the village today, since they are in the anti-terrorist operation zone. To move around the district, you must obtain a pass in the village administration of Velikaya Novoselka. Life in the village is not quite calm. Residents were shocked by the triple killing of a local family. Bodies with tied hands and traces of torture were found in the house.
The crime has not yet been investigated. The main version says that this is a contract murder, since the relative of the killed was a godfather of ex-president of Ukraine V. Yanukovych. The godfather himself lives in Donetsk, but his house in Novoselka is dismantled to a single brick.
History shows that the Bolshoi Yanisol with honor survived more than one ordeal: the Austro-German occupation, the siege of the White Cossacks, the raids of various gangs such as "Walk the Fields", the fascist occupation. There is hope that an even greater flowering of the Big Yanisol is ahead.