School education includes a variety of teaching methods, the purpose of which is the maximum assimilation of knowledge by students. However, educators and methodologists are still worried about how to educate the younger generation more effectively. That is why the introduction of various innovations in order to successfully implement this process is positively perceived.
Extractive learning mode
Communication between the student and the teacher at school has always been divided into passive and active. And only recently has an interactive learning technology emerged.
What is each of these techniques?
With a passive model, the student learns material only from the words of the teacher, as well as the material given in the textbooks. In such a lesson, the main character is the teacher. Schoolchildren are just passive students. The connection of students with the teacher with this method is carried out through control or independent work, tests, as well as surveys. This model in education is traditional and continues to be used by teachers. An example of such training is the lessons given in the form of lectures. At the same time, students do not perform any creative tasks.
Active method
At the present stage of school development, the passive mode of learning is becoming irrelevant. Active methods are becoming more widely used. They are such a form of interaction between a teacher and students, in which both sides of the educational process communicate with each other. Pupils are not at all passive students. They become active participants in the lesson, having equal rights with the teacher. This stimulates the cognitive activity of children and their independence. Moreover, in the process of obtaining knowledge, the role of creative tasks increases. Moreover, if an authoritarian style dominates with a passive method, then with an active method it becomes democratic.
However, this model also has some disadvantages. With its use, schoolchildren are subjects of learning only for themselves. Children communicate with the teacher, but do not engage in dialogue with each other. Thus, the active teaching method has a one-sided focus. It is relevant when using the technologies of self-training, self-development, self-education and independent activities. However, the active mode does not teach children the exchange of knowledge. It does not allow him to gain experience of interaction in the group.
Innovative technique
There are also modern interactive learning technologies. With this technique, the entire lesson is held in dialogue or conversation with someone. Active and interactive learning technologies have much in common. Some even put an equal sign between them.
However, the interactive methodology focuses on the wide interaction of students not only with the teacher, but also among themselves. What is the teacher’s place in such a lesson? It directs the activities of students to fulfill the tasks assigned to the class. Thus, an interactive teaching technology is nothing but a modern form of the active method.
Innovative concept
The word "interactive" itself came into Russian from English. Its literal translation means "mutual" (inter) and "act" (act). The concept of "interactive" expresses the ability to be in a state of dialogue, conversation, or to interact with someone (for example, a person), as well as with something (computer). Thus, the innovative form of training is a dialogue in which interaction takes place.
Organization of interactive mode
An innovative form of knowledge submission is designed to create the most comfortable conditions for students. Interactive teaching technologies at school involve such an organization of the lesson when various life situations are modeled and role-playing games are used. In this case, a general solution to the question is taken on the basis of an analysis of the proposed situations and circumstances.
Information flows penetrate the consciousness of students and activate brain activity. Of course, interactive teaching technology requires a complete change in the existing structure of the lesson. In addition, such a regime is impossible without the experience and professionalism of the teacher himself.
In the structure of the modern lesson, the technology of interactive teaching methods, which is a concrete technique, should be applied to the maximum. Using them, obtaining knowledge will be more interesting and rich.
So what is interactive learning technology at DOW? These are such techniques when the student constantly reacts to the objective and subjective relations of the learning system, periodically entering its composition as an active element.
The value of innovative learning
For the educational process, the legislation of the Russian Federation enshrined the principle of humanization. In this regard, a review of the content of the entire learning process will be required.
The main goal of the school process is the holistic development of the personality of the child in the implementation of independent mental and cognitive activity. And this is fully facilitated by modern interactive technologies. When applying them, the student independently goes along the path to knowledge and assimilates them to a greater extent.
Target orientations
The technology of interactive teaching methods is designed to:
- activate individual mental processes of students;
- Awaken the student’s internal dialogue ;
- provide an understanding of the information that served as the subject of exchange;
- individualize pedagogical interaction;
- bring the child to a position where he will become the subject of education;
- to provide two-way communication in the process of exchange of information between students.
Pedagogical technologies of interactive learning set before the teacher the task of facilitating and supporting the process of obtaining knowledge. It is important:
- identify the variety of points of view;
- refer to the personal experience of the participants in the dialogue;
- maintain the activity of students;
- combine practice with theory;
- contribute to the mutual enrichment of participants' experience;
- facilitate the perception and assimilation of the task;
- encourage children's creativity.
Main positions
Technologies for organizing interactive training are the most advanced today. Their essence is reduced to the transfer of information not in a passive, but in an active mode when using the technique of creating problem situations. The task of the lesson is not the transfer of ready-made knowledge to schoolchildren or their direction to independently overcome difficulties. Interactive teaching technology differs from other existing methods in a reasonable combination of a child’s own initiative with the pedagogical management of a lesson. All this contributes to the achievement of the main goal of training - the creation of a comprehensive and harmoniously developed personality.
Positive aspects of the method
Using interactive learning technologies allows you to:
- increase the efficiency of the exchange of information of a managerial, educational and educational nature;
- students to exercise self-control, applying the knowledge gained in practice.
In addition, interactive learning technology contributes to the early mental development of the child. In addition, the exchange of information between students and the teacher increases the child's confidence in the correctness of his conclusions.
Organization Features
The use of interactive learning technologies occurs with the direct interaction of students with the learning environment. It acts as a reality in which children acquire experience, which is the central activator of educational knowledge.
With ordinary passive or active learning, the teacher is given the role of a kind of filter. He is forced to let through all the educational information. In contrast to these traditional methods, interactive learning involves the role of a teacher as an assistant to the student, activating the flow of information.
Interactive teaching models, compared with traditional ones, change the interaction of the student with the teacher. The teacher gives way to children, creating conditions for the manifestation of their initiative. Schoolchildren are full participants in such lessons. Moreover, their experience is as important as the experience of a teacher who does not provide ready-made knowledge, but encourages his students to search.
Teacher role
The technology for the development of interactive learning suggests that the teacher in the lesson performs several tasks. One of them is to act as an informant expert. To do this, you need to prepare and present text material, demonstrate the video sequence, answer the questions of the lesson participants, track the results of the learning process, etc.
Also, with interactive training, the teacher is given the role of an organizer-facilitator. It consists in establishing the interaction of students with the physical and social environment. For this, the teacher divides the children into subgroups, coordinates the implementation of the tasks given to them, encourages an independent search for answers, etc.
The role of the teacher in interactive learning involves the implementation of the functions of a consultant. The teacher not only refers to the already accumulated experience of the students, but also helps them in finding solutions to the tasks.
Types of Interactive Technologies
To effectively present knowledge in the lessons on the innovative method, the teacher uses:
- work in small groups, dividing students into pairs, triples, etc .;
- carousel technique;
- heuristic conversations;
- lectures, the presentation of which is problematic;
- brainstorming techniques;
- business games;
- conferences;
- seminars in the form of debate or discussion;
- multimedia tools;
- technologies of full cooperation;
- method of projects, etc.
Let us consider in more detail some of them.
A game
This is one of the most effective means of interactive learning, evoking a lively interest in the subject. Children love to play. And this need of them must be used to solve educational and training tasks.
Business games for students must be carefully prepared and thought out by the teacher. Otherwise, they will be inaccessible to children and tiring for them.
Business games in the lesson contribute to:
- increasing interest in learning, as well as in problems played out and modeled in the classroom;
- the possibility of an adequate analysis of a particular situation;
- assimilation of large information volumes;
- the development of analytical, innovative, economic and psychological thinking.
Business games are classified according to:
- gaming environment (desktop, computer, television, technical);
- areas of activity (social, intellectual, physical, psychological, labor);
- techniques (role, story, subject, imitation);
- the nature of the pedagogical process (cognitive, educational, diagnostic, generalizing, developing, training).
Interactive technologies for teaching a foreign language often use role-playing games. They can be seen as dramatic or entertaining. At the same time, participants in such a game are assigned one or another role that children play either according to a previously created plot, or guided by the internal logic of the environment. This allows:
- develop thinking by means of the studied foreign language;
- increase motivation for the subject;
- ensure the personal growth of the student;
- improve the ability to communicate kindly and actively with each other.
Work in pairs or groups
This method is also popular when conducting a lesson using the interactive method. Working in pairs or groups allows all students (even the most shy) to practice interpersonal relationships and collaboration skills. In particular, this finds expression in the ability to listen and calmly resolve all disagreements that arise.
Groups or couples can be formed by the students themselves, but more often this is done by the teacher. At the same time, the teacher takes into account the level of students and the nature of their relationship, and also sets the most clear tasks for them, writing them in cards or on the blackboard. He also gives the group enough time to complete the assignment.
Carousel
This interactive technology was borrowed from psychological training. Children usually like this type of work. To implement this technique, students form two rings: external and internal. The first of these is students who, every 30 seconds, gradually move in a circle. The inner ring is composed of motionlessly sitting children, conducting dialogue with those who are opposite them. Within thirty seconds there is a discussion of a particular issue, when each of the students tries to convince the interlocutor of their rightness. The “Carousel” technique in learning a foreign language allows you to work out the topics “In the theater”, “Acquaintance”, “Talking on the street”, etc. The guys talk with great enthusiasm, and the whole lesson is not only dynamic, but also very effective.
Brainstorm
In the process of conducting an interactive lesson, this method allows you to quickly solve the problem posed to the class, taking into account the maximum use of the creative activity of students. The teacher invites the participants to put forward a large number of solutions, among which may be the most fantastic. After that, the most successful ones are selected from all ideas, which will allow us to answer the question posed.
As you can see, there are a variety of interactive teaching methods. And the use of each of them provides an opportunity not only to develop the student’s communication skills, but also to give an active impetus to the socialization of the individual, to develop the
ability to work in a team, and also to eliminate as much as possible the psychological tension that arises between the teacher and the children.