Repairs in the house are always troubles. The main task is to choose high-quality materials and use them correctly. The main finishing material can rightfully be considered plaster. Without its use, no repairs can be made. Many experts will recommend paying special attention to sanitizing plaster.
Sanitary plasters
This finishing material is often used in rooms with high humidity. Sanitary plaster helps protect against salts and moisture that protrude from the foundation and load-bearing walls. Thanks to this, the remaining layers of finishing and leveling solutions will not be affected. But improperly made waterproofing contributes to the fact that salts and moisture rise from the soil and accumulate on the walls. This contributes to the slow destruction of the structure. Fungus, dampness and efflorescence appear, their development negatively affects human health. Therefore, a person's stay in such a room for a long time can cause the development of various diseases of the respiratory system or exacerbation of chronic.
The main property of sanitizing plaster is the drainage of the outer surface of brick and stone walls. This material provides an even distribution of salts. But the use of material for interior decoration enhances the waterproofing effect. This favorably affects the increase in the service life of the structure itself and the finishing materials applied over the sanitizing plaster.
Many buyers are discouraged by the increased cost of this material. But it is more than paid off by creating favorable conditions for living in the house.
Excessive moisture
There are many sources that can moisten structures. The most common include:
- condensate;
- poor ventilation
- flood waters;
- leaky drainage and drainage systems;
- precipitation penetrated into the foundation;
- groundwater.
As you know, excessive moisture can lead to serious problems. But if you constantly eliminate the consequences, and do not pay attention to the elimination of the causes themselves, then this will bring only short-term results. In this case, the use of special materials will help. For example, sanitizing plaster. It is sometimes called restoration. After all, this material is used during repair and restoration work with structures that are built from saline wall materials. Due to the amazing properties of this material, moisture from the wall is brought out.
Stucco properties
Hydrophobic sanitizing plaster is characterized by a number of positive properties.
- Prevent the appearance on the walls, socles, foundations of efflorescence.
- Removes moisture from these structures to the atmosphere.
- Reliably protects the structure from atmospheric precipitation.
- This is a good waterproofing layer.
- It is characterized by high vapor permeability.
- During the drying period, the surface does not crack even when applying a thick layer.
- Use for both indoor and outdoor use.
- Eco-friendly material.
Remember that this finishing material should not be applied on gypsum substrates. Also, you can not use this type of plaster as a waterproofing layer to protect the basement, walls, foundation from groundwater.
Material Features
All the positive properties of sanitizing plaster directly depend on its composition. It consists of two layers: porous and sanitizing. To protect the walls from efflorescence, you can apply the material with a layer of 2 cm.
Due to the high sulfate resistance and strength when applying a thick layer of material, the surface does not crack.
What is the working principle of this material? Moisture from the load-bearing wall passes into the first - porous - layer. It retains salt and accumulates in the pores of the plaster. But moisture is removed, evaporates through the plaster. For this reason, salts are not transferred to other finishing materials applied after such a mixture.
Preparatory work
Before applying sanitizing plaster, it is necessary to take care of a good foundation. It must be strong, solid. Particles should not crumble. If any, they should be removed and repaired. In addition, the base must be cleaned of grease, dirt, oil, oil paint or varnish. Be sure to ensure that the surface is rough for better adhesion of the plaster to the base.
The seams on the brickwork should be embroidered. They go deep into them, expanding the space. The efflorescence must be brushed off with a metal brush. And if the area of damage is large, the surface is cleaned with a grinder. In this case, use a special nozzle with a metal brush. A day before applying the main layer of plaster, spray should be applied to the base. It has a beneficial effect on the adhesion of the plaster to the base.
Application Sequence
Before work, you must carefully study the instructions for sanitizing plaster. The dry mixture must be diluted with clean water. It should be at room temperature (about + 15-20 degrees). From the bag, gradually pour the mixture into a container with water. In this case, it is necessary to constantly stir the resulting mixture with a construction mixer. Depending on the thickness of the future layer, the consistency of the mixture is also selected by adjusting the addition of water.
Remember that ready, mixed plaster mortar must be used within 15 minutes. If during this time the solution is not used, it will lose its quality. Indeed, porosity is significantly reduced over time.
When applying the mortar to a brick wall, you must first hammer the seams. And after that the main layer of plaster is applied. Application can be done either manually or using special tools. The selected method directly depends on the required thickness of the future layer. It can be from 1 to 3 cm.
15 minutes after application and leveling, the sanitizing plaster should be wiped. Remember, the applied layer should dry gradually. Therefore, experts recommend protecting the finished surface from intensive drying. Particular attention must be paid at least during the first 24 hours after application.
If an additional finishing layer is applied over the sanitizing plaster for the bathroom, then after leveling it is immediately necessary to treat the surface of the hard brush. The resulting scratches will contribute to improved adhesion of the next finishing layer. Remember that the subsequent finishing coat should be applied only after 30 days.
Stucco Ceresit
WTA sanitizing plaster systems are used in basement and basement rooms with high humidity. The main purpose is to create the optimal microclimate for life and a safe long stay of a person.
Experienced specialists know that basically the destruction of the lower part of structures is due to the harmful effects of salts and moisture on it. The use of special porous plasters will solve this problem.
Today there is a large assortment of materials, but the sanitizing plaster "Ceresite" receives more positive reviews .
High-quality repair is reliability, durability and aesthetics. These requirements must be met during the restoration of old buildings. For such objects, it is imperative to use plaster with the WTA index.
Wall decoration
In fact, sanitizing plaster is part of the finishing work that needs to be done during the repair of the bathroom. After all, the final “pie” should consist of such layers:
- adhesive (providing good adhesion between the surface and other layers);
- leveling (used for large surface irregularities and a high level of salinity);
- restoration (layer up to 4 cm of plaster, in which salt accumulates and crystallizes);
- finishing (various materials with high diffusion ability).
Features of the interior decoration of the bathroom
Reinforcing plaster - protection against moisture of structures not only outside but also inside. As you know, this material is used in rooms with high humidity. Therefore, bathroom repairs should only be done with this plaster.
Remember that the plaster showed all its qualities indicated by the manufacturer, it is necessary to properly finish. Therefore, having figured out how to plaster the walls in the bathroom, now we will consider the technology for applying the composition, which consists of several stages.
- We clean the surface. A blowtorch can be used to remove paint. A solution of caustic soda and a lime mixture is also used.
- Using sandblasting mechanically release the base. Interlining seams expand.
- They process the surface of the walls with a special primer.
- To improve adhesion, notches should be made on a smooth surface. Make a half spray. This adhesive solution is applied in the form of a grid.
- If there are any irregularities on the surface, they must be repaired with a leveling plaster.
- 24 hours after spraying, sanitizing plaster can be applied. Reviews of experts recommend applying this material in the form of uniform layers with a thickness of more than 1 cm.
- After setting the mortar, it is necessary to roughen the surface by treating it with a hard roller.
- If repairs are carried out during the hot season, care should be taken to moisten the surface, which prevents the formation of cracks.
It is better to choose a top coat with a diffuse resistance coefficient of not more than 1.2 points. But many experts argue that the sanitizing putty itself can serve as a finishing material.
When choosing finishing materials, make sure that each subsequent layer in the sanitizing system has a higher vapor permeability index than the previous one.
Drying plaster
In the construction market, you can find drying plaster. Some consider it sanitizing, but it is not. These two types of finishing materials have much in common in effect and purpose. But the drying plaster does not have a layered structure, and the diameter of the capillaries is much smaller than that of the sanitizing plaster. It is minimal, so even salt water molecules cannot pass through them. Thus, a filter is formed that allows water to pass through and the salt remains on the other side. Water goes out through the channels and already evaporates from the surface of the finishing material.
And the salt drops down under its own weight, and then goes into the ground, before the crystallization process. This is the essence of the drying plaster.
Output
Sanitary plaster is an indispensable finishing material during repair work in old buildings. It is used both indoors and outdoors. Due to the excellent properties of this plaster, excessive moisture, and later mold, the structure will not be scary. In addition, this finishing material is actively used in rooms with a high level of humidity. After all, the applied layer of sanitizing plaster is able to remove excess moisture to the outside, where it later evaporates.