In the process of carrying out activities, business entities produce various forms of payment using a cashless system through serving banks. To conduct these operations, the financial department of the organization draws up payment requirements and instructions. These documents are the basis for debiting funds from the accounts of a business entity only if all the fields of these forms have the necessary data that are mandatory.
One of the cells of the requirements or instructions contains information in the form of a put down figure, which can range from one to six. It indicates the order of payment. The definition of this indicator is enshrined in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. According to this legislative act, the priority of payment is a strict sequence in the implementation of operations that are carried out by banking organizations for a specific group of payment documents when the due date has arrived or will come on the day of submission.
The mode of write-off of funds is established when the financial position of the business entity does not allow you to pay all the necessary amounts on time. If this situation does not arise, then deductions for all necessary payments by the bank will be made by order of the organization.
The priority of payment by law is enshrined in article eight hundred and fifty-fifth of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Its values determine the following:
1. In the first order of payments, banking organizations write off funds from the accounts of enterprises according to executive documents, according to which the transfer of finances must satisfy the requirements regarding the compensation of alimony, as well as damage to the health and life of citizens.
2. The number “two” in the field indicating the priority of payment is a prescription for the execution of an order issued in prescriptive documents regarding the payment of severance pay, as well as remuneration under an employment contract, contract or copyright agreement. The issue of the priority of payments was considered in the Decree of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, which established the calendar sequence for debiting funds from the organization’s accounts if there are payments to the budget and extra-budgetary state funds, as well as payments that are remuneration for professional activities. Moreover, they can relate to both the first and second phases.
3. When affixing third priority documents in payment documents, the bank transfers money in this sequence to employees whose relations with the employer are drawn up by labor agreements (contracts). The same grades include payments to state funds (pension, social insurance, medical compulsory insurance). If the organization’s account status does not allow all transfers to be made on the same day, then payments of the third priority are made in a calendar sequence. It should be borne in mind that the payments that the legislation assigned to the execution of the first and second regime should be fully satisfied.
4. The fourth priority of payments provides for transfers to the budget and funds related to extra-budgetary. They include those that are not accepted for cancellation in the third sequence. Also, the fourth priority of payment is state duty, fines, penalties, etc. All amounts are transferred only after satisfying the requirements relating to modes number one, two and three.
5. The fifth priority of payment provides for the write-off of amounts under executive documents, which provide for the satisfaction of other requirements.
6. The number six in the field of the payment queue means that these documents are accepted for execution in a calendar sequence.