Teeth. How do you want them to be healthy and beautiful. But alas, the lucky ones who can boast of such can be counted on the fingers. Do not worry. Currently, modern technologies, which include insulating gaskets in dentistry, can achieve amazing results.
What are they needed for?
Filling materials to one degree or another have an irritating effect on the dental pulp. For multicomponent materials, the matrix may be toxic. But this does not mean that all means for treating a tooth contain annoying characteristics. Insulating pads in dentistry are used not only to remove the negative effects on loose connective tissue, but also to:
- prevent toxins;
- protection from filling material, which can have a devastating effect on tooth tissue;
- reduce the risk of microcracks during shrinkage of the seal.
What are the requirements for gaskets? Here are just a few of them:
- Long-term protection of dentin from chemical exposure
- Enamel protection from high and low temperatures.
- Protection against aggressive saliva.
- Better grip than tooth fillings.
- It does not affect the pulp.
- Easy to fit.
There are two options for insulating gaskets in dentistry:
- The first option is the base one (layer more than one millimeter). It protects the pulp from irritating actions from the outside, maintains the shape of the cavity, and is also an integral part of more expensive fillings.
- The second option is a thin layer. It does not fully protect against external irritations. Provides a stronger grip of the filling and tooth.
There are several groups of gaskets.
Zinc phosphate and polycarboxylate cements
The former contain substances such as zinc oxide, phosphoric acid. They are in demand because of their cheapness. But there are some limitations to their use. Zinc-phosphate cements can not be used in close proximity to the pulp (inflammation in the nervous tissue forms). In order to make the CPC antimicrobial, copper, silver, thymol, bismuth are added to it. You can not use such pads for deep caries.
The second (polycarboxylate cements in question) consist of zinc oxide, magnesium oxide and polyacrylic acid. There are two subgroups.
- KPC is mixed with water.
- The powder is mixed with acid.
These compounds are firmly bound to dentin and metals, do not irritate the pulp. The specialist is given only three minutes after kneading to use the product. Slow down a little - and the connection hardens.
If done correctly, the cement shines, it is viscous and thick.
A little more about zinc phosphate cement
It includes "Unifas 2". It is used for sealing canals, for fixing structures.
The drug will be needed for:
- Fastening teeth with pin, bridges, tabs and crowns.
- Fixing prostheses, cermet and porcelain crowns.
- Dental treatment for crowns.
- Gaskets for other fillings.
- Root canal filling.
Description of "Unifasa 2":
- a combination of powder and liquid;
- high strength;
- good adhesion;
- low solubility;
- plastic, easy to use;
- radiopaque.
Method of use:
Cement mixing is carried out gradually. Lasts from two to three minutes. After mixing, the tool retains its plasticity for no more than one and a half minutes. In the tooth cavity, the material hardens after six minutes.
Glass ionomer cements
Insulating pads in dentistry of this particular type are used quite often. They are of two types:
Let's talk about the latter in more detail. Composition: glass of aluminum, silicate, calcium plus liquid (polycarbonate acids). Everything mixes mechanically. The advantages of cement SIC:
- fluoride released during the year combats tooth decay;
- strength;
- good adhesion without drying and pickling;
- does not irritate the pulp;
- low cost.
Now about the disadvantages:
- long period of solidification - a day;
- can not be used with excessive moisture and dryness;
- excess cement must not be removed with a drill.
Technology does not stand still. In order to get rid of cosmetic defects, a modern dental cement was created. It includes light curing resin. Such material is called hybrid. It freezes when exposed to a lamp. The modern mixture is not so sensitive to moisture and overdrying. But you can not use them as a gasket.
Insulating varnishes
These funds are also used in dental practice. They relate to insulating gaskets. Consists of one component. Its composition: polymer resin, solvent, filler, and very rarely a drug.
Varnishes are used to protect the pulp from the toxins of filling materials, recommended for deep and medium caries. Dental practice shows that the tool can be combined with other pads. It is applied to the bottom and walls of the cavity. Only after this is a gasket made of another type of material.
Positive sides:
- has a bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect;
- reduces marginal sensitivity;
- stimulates the process cell of the pulp;
- resistance to moisture and "chemistry".
The negative points include:
- thermally insulating effect is weak. This does not allow the varnish to be applied to the bottom of the cavity with strong corrosion.
Application. The varnish is applied to the damaged tooth with a brush with a thin or cotton swab. The walls are evenly coated with a tool, air-dried. Varnish is applied in two to three layers. The next layer is applied after the previous one has dried. One layer is not enough - the varnish is reduced, cracks form.
Conclusion
As you can see, thanks to new technologies in the field of dentistry, you can regain a beautiful smile. There is only one “but”: the work must be performed by a professional specialist with extensive experience. He will do everything to ensure that your teeth become healthy again. Another point - the desired result can be achieved only if the problem is not running.
Do not delay the visit to the dentist. Treating early caries is the key to a Hollywood smile.