One of the main components of the treatment of most diseases is diet, that is, a special nutrition system. It is very important to comply with diseases of the intestines, stomach, liver and bile-forming organs. For clinical nutrition, it is important to use only certain foods, prepare them correctly, take into account the desired temperature of the served dishes, time and number of meals. These factors may vary depending on the type and severity of the disease. Such features were noticed by the therapist Pevzner back in 1920. Then he developed fifteen diet tables for various ailments, which are used today.
Popular power system
Dietary table 5a is prescribed to people suffering from diseases of the biliary tract, liver and gall bladder. The purpose of the diet is to ensure a healthy diet and normalize the liver and bile secretion. Thanks to this diet, glycogen accumulates in the liver, bile secretion is stimulated, and the activity of the gastrointestinal tract and metabolism in the body are normalized. Diet 5a is indicated during the recovery period after acute cholecystitis and hepatitis, cholelithiasis, cirrhosis, with chronic gastritis, colitis.
Product Composition
The diet includes foods with the usual content of carbohydrates and proteins, any restrictions apply only to fats. Dishes containing essential oils, oxalic acid, rich in purines, cholesterol, and fat oxidation products are prohibited. The daily diet should include 70 grams of fat, 50 grams of carbohydrates, 100 grams of protein. Diet 5a has an energy value of 2500 to 2900 kcal. A properly composed menu is not only useful, but also delicious.
Features of cooking and nutrition
Table 5a includes dishes with a high content of liquid, pectins, dietary fiber, lipotropic substances. The number of meals should be at least five to six per day. All products are baked or boiled. In some cases, quenching is allowed. Vegetables are not stewed or chopped. Fiber-rich meals and sinewy meat are ground. It is forbidden to eat cold food.
Allowed Products
Diet 5a includes a fairly large number of products that can be combined to create a healthy and tasty menu.
- Soups: vegetarian borsch, beetroot, dairy with pasta, vegetable broth, fruit.
- Fish: low-fat, boiled, baked, fish souffle, meatballs, dumplings.
- Wheat bread (grades 1 and 2), dry biscuit, yesterday's rye baking, dry cookies.
- Poultry meat: fat-free and lean, without connective tissue, tendons and skin. Low-fat pork, lamb, turkey, rabbit. The meat is boiled or baked.
- Milk, kefir, yogurt, bold and low-fat cottage cheese, acidophilus, puddings, casseroles, sour cream, lazy dumplings, low-fat cheese.
- Vegetable and butter.
- Cereals. Especially buckwheat, oatmeal.
- Boiled pasta.
- Soft-boiled eggs, protein baked omelet.
- Raw, boiled and stewed vegetables.
- Snacks: squash caviar, low-fat herring, vinaigrette, fruit salad, salads from seafood, diet sausage, boiled meat.
- Berries in boiled, baked, fresh, jelly, stewed fruit, mousse, dried fruit, jelly, marmalade, pastille, jam, honey, sugar.
- Spices: cinnamon, sweet fruit watering, vanillin, dill, parsley.
- Sauces: vegetable, sour cream, dairy.
- Drinks: berry, vegetable, fruit juices, coffee with milk, green tea, broths of wild rose.
Prohibited Products
Diet 5a, whose menu can be made very diverse, eliminates the use of certain products.
- Soups: fish, meat, mushroom, okroshka, green cabbage soup.
- Fish: canned, smoked, salted, fatty fish species.
- Bakery products made from pastry or puff pastry, fried pies, fresh bread.
- Fatty meat, liver, brains, kidneys, sausages, smoked meats, canned food.
- Legumes.
- Cream, fermented baked milk, fat cottage cheese and cheese.
- Hard boiled and fried eggs.
- Vegetables: radish, spinach, radish, sorrel, green onions, pickled, garlic, mushrooms.
- Chocolate, ice cream, cream products.
- Snacks: smoked meats, caviar, canned food.
- Drinks: cocoa, alcoholic drinks, black coffee.
- Sauces: mustard, spicy horseradish, pepper.
5a diet menu for the week
Monday
- Breakfast: rice porridge boiled in milk, butter, steamed protein omelette, tea (possible with lemon).
- Second breakfast: sour cream, cottage cheese casserole.
- Lunch: cabbage soup, stewed carrots, compote, boiled meat.
- Snack: tea (milk can be added), cookies.
- Dinner: cheese, pasta, butter, mineral water.
- Second dinner: kefir.
Tuesday
- Breakfast: milk sauce, a salad of grated raw apples and carrots, meat patties, coffee (you can add milk).
- Second breakfast: one apple is fresh.
- Lunch: potato soup, stewed cabbage, boiled fish, jelly from berries.
- Snack: broth of wild rose, dry cookies.
- Dinner: mineral water, buckwheat.
- Second dinner: kefir.
Wednesday
- Breakfast: low-fat cottage cheese with sugar and sour cream, oatmeal porridge.
- Second breakfast: baked apple (possible with sugar).
- Lunch: vegetable soup, compote, boiled chicken, milk sauce, boiled rice.
- Snack: fruit juice.
- Dinner: mashed potatoes, white sauce, boiled fish, rosehip broth.
- Second dinner: kefir.
Thursday
- Breakfast: boiled pasta with meat, butter, tea (you can add milk).
- Second breakfast: sour cream, lazy dumplings.
- Lunch: cabbage rolls, potato soup, jelly.
- Snack: fruit.
- Dinner: milk rice porridge, butter, cheese, tea.
- Second dinner: kefir.
Friday
- First breakfast: dairy-free buckwheat porridge, butter, coffee with milk, cottage cheese.
- Second breakfast: baked apple.
- Lunch: borsch, noodles with boiled meat, sour cream, jelly.
- Snack: tea, cookies.
- Dinner: low-fat boiled fish, mashed potatoes, vegetable salad, mineral water.
- Second dinner: kefir.
Saturday
- First breakfast: buckwheat, meat cutlets, tea.
- Second breakfast: carrot puree, apple jam.
- Lunch: milk soup with pasta, sour cream, cottage cheese pudding, compote.
- Snack: jelly.
- Dinner: milk semolina, mineral water.
- Second dinner: kefir.
Sunday
- Breakfast: boiled rice, herring, tea.
- Second breakfast: a baked apple without sugar.
- Lunch: vermicelli, vegetarian cabbage soup, compote, milk sauce, steam cutlets.
- Snack: cookies, rosehip broth.
- Dinner: scrambled eggs, mineral water, cheesecakes with sour cream.
- Second dinner: kefir.
Diet 5a - recipes
Potato soup
To prepare it, you will need 2 potatoes, 100 grams of rice, 1 onion, 1 carrot, 50 grams of broccoli, salt. We put rice, diced potatoes, chopped onions in a saucepan with cold water and put on fire. Three carrots on a grater and put in the soup along with broccoli. Everything is simmered. When the dish is ready, add salt, herbs and a spoonful of vegetable oil.
Caucasian meatballs
Diet 5a, the recipes of which are diverse, includes a variety of types of meatballs and meatballs. Some of the most delicious are Caucasian. For their preparation you will need 2 tablespoons of milk, 150 grams of beef, 10 grams of prunes, 1 teaspoon of butter, 1 egg, 20 grams of sour cream, salt. Pass the meat through a meat grinder. Soak the prunes in water and chop. Add the butter, milk, eggs, prunes, salt and pepper to the minced meat, mix thoroughly. From the resulting mass we form balls and bake. Serve with sour cream.
Carrot cheesecakes
Table 5a assumes the presence of such a delicious dish as cheesecakes. To prepare it, you need 150 grams of cottage cheese, 50 grams of carrots, 20 grams of butter, 5 grams of semolina, 1 egg, 20 grams of sugar, 30 grams of wheat flour, salt. The carrots are rubbed on a fine grater and stained in water with butter for about 20 minutes. Then there is added semolina, cooked with constant stirring. The resulting mass is cooled. Cottage cheese, sugar, egg, salt and part of the flour are added to it. Formed cheesecakes are crushed in flour and fried in butter.
Features
Diet 5a is prescribed simultaneously with medical and physiotherapeutic treatment. Do not start it yourself. Be sure to consult your doctor. Adhering to such a nutrition system, it is possible to quickly achieve remission, relieve exacerbation, and normalize the state of all digestive organs. In addition, weight is noticeably reduced, well-being is improved and an energy boost is felt.
Useful Tips
It is very important for people suffering from diseases of the bile-forming organs, liver, not to consume prohibited foods both during the diet and after it. Smoked, spicy, fatty foods and spirits are especially contraindicated. Otherwise, the effect of treatment and diet will be minimized. Internal organs will feel a constant load. Most likely, the course of treatment will need to be repeated.