From 1996 to 2005, GAZ-3110 Volga cars were produced at the Gorky Automobile Plant. Their production has already been stopped, but today there are many such cars on the road, and it is important for their owners to know about the repair and operation of the GAZ-3110. If there are malfunctions, then there is always the option of contacting a car service, but the guarantee for these cars has long ended, and any repair will be expensive. Therefore, many car owners prefer to do the repair of the GAZ-3110 with their own hands.
Car operation
In order to reduce the risk of breakdowns, it is important to operate the vehicle correctly. An important role is played by warming up the engine before the trip, and in the first minutes of driving speeding and shifting to higher gears are undesirable. It is necessary to give the oil time to warm up, thereby ensuring sufficient lubrication, without overloading the components and assemblies. This is especially important in the winter.
During the trip you need to monitor the readings of devices and the general condition of the car. If there are no characteristic sounds, then you need to try to find out their cause and troubleshoot. We must not allow long-term operation of the engine at maximum speed, monitor the speed limit, especially if the roads are poorly covered - the suspension wears out so quickly. We must try to predict the situation on the road so that the movement is smooth, without sharp acceleration and braking.
Timely lubrication of parts will reduce the load on the components of the car, that is, extend the service life. We must not forget about the timely and complete maintenance. First of all, it is a change of oil, coolants and brake fluids.
If the terms of maintenance are exceeded, then the unit has to work on contaminated liquids, thereby reducing their service life. It is also important to change the brake pads in time, without over-wearing them. For a detailed acquaintance with the list and terms of routine maintenance, you need to refer to the instructions.
General repair information
Today, repair work on the GAZ-3110 is very often carried out independently, this saves the budget, and finding the necessary information will not be difficult.
But before starting the repair yourself, it is important to properly diagnose, and do it as quickly as possible, with the first malfunctions of the car. For example, repairing the GAZ-3110 front suspension will be much cheaper when a malfunction is detected in the early stages, and not when the unit is completely out of order. Thus, do not ignore the "first bells" of malfunctions.
By the way, drivers usually perform GAZ-3110 suspension repairs themselves, since it is not difficult to assemble and disassemble this unit. The main thing is that all worn out elements should be replaced immediately with new ones, since it is impossible to fix and weld here.
The same goes for the stove. As a rule, it starts to work incorrectly due to a leaked radiator. It is advisable to immediately replace it.
Of course, do-it-yourself repairs to the GAZ-3110 are not always possible. For example, a generator or battery should be repaired by specialists, as professional tools, special devices, and test benches cannot be dispensed with here.
Engine repair
Often problems with the car are associated with the engine. GAZ-3110 Volga was produced with carburetor (ZMZ-402) and injection (ZMZ-406) engines.
GAZ-3110 engine repairs are undergoing practically the same scheme, because the motors are similar, therefore, we will consider the ZMZ-406 as an example.
Engine repair is a responsible and serious operation that requires a qualified approach. But if you have a great desire and relevant knowledge, this event can be completed independently.
Repair of the GAZ-3110 406 engine begins with the preparation of tools and a platform for unfolding elements. The site is necessary in order to arrange in order all the details, because it is much more convenient and faster to assemble the motor back.
For convenience, you first need to remove the hood and wiper panel, and also protect the front wings from damage, covering them with suitable material. Disassembly itself can be done in any order. For example, you can first remove all the attachments, then remove as much as possible with the rest.
After that, you need to inspect the space under the hood and thoroughly wash it with an iron brush and kerosene or gasoline.
The crankshaft and block need to be measured, perhaps a bore is needed here. It is advisable to do this in a specialized workshop. A specialized check will not interfere with both the flywheel and the clutch basket. Specialists will check the flywheel for a heartbeat and, if necessary, will trim, balancing with the crankshaft and basket. For gas, these are very useful and necessary measures.
Another important event will be the acquisition of connecting rod and main bearings, rings and pistons in size. After boring, the parts must be washed and purged. Using a 14 hexagon, unscrew the dirt trap plugs, carefully clean everything and return them back.
The cylinder head must be checked for fit to the block, check the guides and valves, and replace the valve stem seals. In order not to grind all the 16 valves available, you can take the head to a specialized workshop.
When all of the above activities are completed, the engine can be assembled.
Suspension Repair
When repairing the GAZ-3110 Volga, various problems with other units and units are also possible. As a rule, when repairing the transmission and suspension, all failed parts are replaced, before clearing the contacts. Let us consider in more detail the permissible breakdowns and repair of the front suspension of the GAZ-3110.
The front suspension is a rather complicated design. If there is a knock or extraneous noise, then you need to carry out diagnostics to prevent unforeseen breakdowns.
Problems may include the following:
1. The appearance of noise and knocking at the bottom of the GAZ-3110. The repair will vary depending on the reason:
- The shock absorber has broken - it needs to be changed.
- Worn rubber seals that are used in the connections of some elements - they need to be replaced.
- Lever hinges are worn out - replacement will also be required.
- The ball joint is worn out - it is necessary to replace the racks together with the hinges.
- The appearance of a gap in the wheel bearings - you need to adjust the clearance, replace the bearings.
- The spring arc has broken - replace the old spring with a new one.
2. The appearance of a creak at the bottom of the car is a problem of generating the hinges of the lever; replacement of the hinges will be required.
3. The angle of installation of the front wheel has ceased to be adjusted:
- Deformation of the cross member from a strong impact - you can replace the part.
- The hinge is worn out - replacement is also required.
- Damage to the spar, suspension arm or steering knuckle - repair. or replace damaged items.
4. The car drives away while driving:
- The pressure difference in the wheels - you need to measure the pressure and set the same.
- The angle of the wheels is lost - you need to correctly adjust.
- Deformation or damage to the lever and knuckle - repair or replace defective parts.
- Different spring stiffness - replace springs with equivalent ones.
These are the main problems of the front suspension and its repair on the GAZ-3110.
Power steering repair
As mentioned above, some work can be carried out independently without difficulty. Repair of power steering GAZ-3110 is just such work. Basically, all the problems with the power steering and its incorrect operation are associated with a malfunction of the power steering belt. In this case, it will have to be replaced.
The power steering belt is a very important part, albeit a small one. It is recommended to change it every 50 thousand kilometers. But here a lot will depend on the operating conditions of the car. Replacing this part will not be difficult, the main thing is to correctly tension it when installing the belt.
In order to repair the power steering in time, you can focus on recommendations for mileage, and also sometimes inspect the unit for defects.
Possible steering malfunctions and their elimination
1. On a steering wheel shift of a shaft of a steering is felt. The causes of the malfunction may be as follows:
- steering shaft bearings are worn out - they need to be replaced,
- the tightening of the steering column mounting bolts has loosened; tighten the bolts.
2. Increase steering wheel free play. This is due to:
- incorrect adjustment of the lateral clearance of the steering mechanism - adjustment of the lateral clearance of the mechanism,
- violations of the adjustment of ball joints of the steering trapezoid - adjustment of ball joints,
- bipod shaft sleeve wear - replacing the crankcase mechanism or bushings,
- loosening the nuts on the bipod or steering wheel - tighten the nuts.
3. The steering mechanism is stuck. Causes:
- incorrect adjustment of the side clearance of the mechanism - adjustment of the lateral clearance,
- worn roller or worm - replacement of worn parts.
4. Oil leaking from the crankcase. Causes:
- the working edge of the oil seals is worn or damaged - replacement of defective oil seals,
- oil level increase - restoration of the required oil level,
- the gaskets are damaged or the crankcase cover bolts are loosened - gasket replacement or bolt tightening is required.
5. The appearance of extraneous sounds in the steering mechanism. Causes:
- there is no oil in the crankcase - eliminating the cause of oil leakage and filling a new one,
- the working surfaces of the roller and the worm are destroyed - replacement of defective parts.
6. Tires of the front wheels were worn (spots appeared):
- weakened fastenings of steering parts - checking and tightening of parts,
- the appearance of backlash in the ball joints of the steering trapezoid - adjustment and replacement of ball joints,
- tire pressure has dropped - normal pressure setting,
- steering adjustment required.
7. The appearance of vibration and jolts felt on the steering wheel:
- steering adjustment required
- the nuts of the forks in the cardan joint have loosened - you need to tighten the nuts of fastening,
- the appearance of backlash in the ball joints of the steering trapezoid - adjustment and replacement of ball joints,
- appearance of backlash of the finger of the lever in the bracket - replacement of worn bushings,
- weakened fastenings of parts of the steering mechanism - check and tighten the weakened fasteners.
Steering gear repair
The steering repair GAZ-3110 itself consists in disassembling the mechanism, checking the technical condition of the parts and reassembling.
Disassembly
Disassembly includes the following steps:
- removing the steering gear from the car and clamping it in a soft vice,
- removal of clamps and rings of fastening of covers of a rack of the steering mechanism,
- removing the protective covers themselves,
- removal of internal tips with spherical drafts of external tips,
- Removing the lock nut of the rail support with a ring wrench,
- removal of an emphasis nut and a spring,
- using special forceps, remove the stop from the crankcase (before this, you need to move the stop by turning the gear clockwise),
- removing the protective cap from the gear,
- unscrewing the nut, removing the gears from the crankcase together with the ball bearing,
- removal of a persistent ring and pressing of the ball bearing with a gear shaft,
- steering rack removal,
- removing the thrust ring of the sleeve and removing the sleeve of the rack with the ring.
After the mechanism is disassembled, you need to check the technical condition of the parts:
- rinse all parts (metal) and crankcase cavities with kerosene, rinse all rubber parts with warm water and wipe with a cloth,
- carefully inspect all working surfaces of the gear and rails for wear and damage (scuffing, risks), minor damage can be dealt with yourself by taking a fine-grained sanding cloth or velvet file, you will have to replace severely damaged and worn parts,
- the ball bearing should be checked for seizing, rotation should be free, and all rings, balls, clips and rollers should be checked - there should be no signs of wear and jamming on them, if in doubt, it is better to replace the bearings,
- it is necessary to check the protective covers of the rack, the outer tips, the cap, the gear cuff and the rack sleeve, in case of cracks, tears or loose fit of parts, they must be replaced with new ones,
- check ball joint clearances for play, dirt, corrosion, replace them.
After checking, we collect the mechanism back. Assembling takes place in the reverse order, after lubricating the parts with special grease. A more detailed discussion of the assembly process can be found in the GAZ-3110 repair manual.
Ignition system repair
Very often, problems are associated with the oxidation of contacts in the system. As a result, the network breaks and the engine fails.
To check the ignition system, you need to disconnect one high-voltage wire from the spark plug and bring it closer to the ground (any place on the block or body protected from paint) by 6-8 mm.
In order not to endanger yourself, the wire can be fixed with improvised dry materials (for example, wooden). When cranking the engine with a starter, a spark should appear, if it is not there, it means that the malfunction is connected to low or high voltage circuits. Finding the fault will help special devices: voltmeter, ohmmeter, special strobe. If they are not, then the low voltage circuit is checked using a car bulb. It is important to remember that the electrical circuit after the ignition is checked when the ignition is turned on. You need to start from the battery and go along the entire low voltage circuit. At a point where there is no voltage, you need to strip the ends of the wires and the surface of the connection. If the situation is not corrected, then the wire or the device installed in front of the point is faulty.
The high voltage circuit must be cleaned of dirt and all wires wiped. Check all wires for tight contact with spark plugs and coil sockets. The central wire must be checked for a spark, if it is not there, then there is a malfunction in the ignition coil, it will have to be replaced. If a spark appears after the coil, you need to check the central electrode, slider and contacts.
Power system problems
In case of poor fuel supply, first of all, it is necessary to check the gas pipeline for the formation of a vapor plug (it often occurs in hot weather and blocks access to fuel). This problem is easily solved - you can cool the gas line with a wet rag or just wait until the engine cools down. In winter, the problem may be due to freezing of the water that has got into the fuel - you can warm the gas pipe with hot water.
If the gas pump humming was not heard, then the fuse may burn out (replacement is required) or the fuel pump itself will fail. It can be sorted out or replaced.
To check the operation of the gasoline pump, you need to disconnect the fuel hose from the carburetor and lower it into a clean container. When the starter turns on, gas should run from the hose. If this does not happen, the diaphragm or valves of the pump may be damaged.
Thus, the GAZ-3110 repair is also possible in the "garage conditions" with the appropriate skills and tools.