Dental cutters and burs are widely used for processing dentin, composite materials, ceramics, cement, metal alloys and other materials used in dentistry. Through rotation, the abrasive grinds, polishes, grinds, cuts, prepares, or evens the surface. Mills and burs differ in physical characteristics and scope. Let's consider their assortment in more detail.
Varieties of Dental Abrasives
Dental cutters with diamond are used for the preparation of enamel and processing ceramics. After grinding, the surface remains rough.
A tool with tungsten carbide is suitable for layer-by-layer cutting of metal crowns, dentin. The surface remains smooth, so the burs-finishes are suitable for the final polishing of light-cured fillings.
Carborundum abrasives are suitable for grinding ceramic and porcelain crowns. They are suitable for processing plastic, dentin and crowns made of precious metals.
Dental cutters with corundum perfectly polish acrylic products. They are used for restoration of amalgam and metal crowns.
A rotating tool with an Arkansas stone is chosen for polishing and grinding composite materials. It is suitable for removing tartar under the gum and for preparing the surface for finishing.
Silicone abrasives are suitable for finishing polishing of enamel, ceramic, amalgam and composite surfaces, as well as crowns made of precious metals.
Dental Milling Techniques
Electroplating - applying diamond powder to a metal billet that is in an electrolyte solution. As electric current passes through the electrolytic solution, a matrix forms on which particles of abrasive diamond powder are attracted by the deposition of a binder metal. A new composite surface is being formed. About 90% of the outer layer is diamond powder. The method is used for applying single-layer, two-layer and three-layer coatings on dental boron.
Sintering is the production of a powder metal coating with the addition of a binder component and a fine-grained abrasive. The mixture is baked in a special form at a temperature of 650 ° C. As a bunch, a glass charge is used. The metal component of the cutter for dentistry is a powder of copper, tin or silver. Its concentration on the surface of the cutting part does not exceed 50%. At the end of baking, the instrument is given the desired shape.
Laboratory tool
For dental work in the laboratory, dental cutters with a monolithic abrasive are used. A durable abrasive layer is obtained by vacuum diffusion welding. The maximum permissible amount of metal powder is concentrated on the surface.
Such a tool has stable cutting characteristics and extended service life. To improve the cutting properties, on the working part of the milling cutter, screw or cruciform notches are made. Tornado technology may be used. Grooves are formed on the instrument through which air circulates, providing cooling, preventing clogging of boron with particles of dental tissue.