This is completely subject to even a novice physicist. The article suggests three options for making an electromagnet at home. Try it, you will succeed!
In the first variant, an instruction with details on how to make the electromagnet the simplest. Prepare:
- copper wire;
- nuts and bolt;
- scotch tape (preferably paper);
- electrical tape;
- Well, a couple of hands with imagination.
Have you cooked? We assemble the design. First, the washers are put on the bolt. Next, tape is wound (this will eliminate the closure), everything is tightened with a nut. It turned out the core of the electromagnet being built. Now the end of the wire is attached to the thread of the bolt. Begin to carefully wind the wire around the core, from coil to coil. After winding up the first layer, we return to the first turn. Now a second round is being wound. The sequence of operations is repeated several times. Each time, the windings must be done carefully, one layer after another, from coil to coil.
At about the fifth layer, the number of turns decreases, but the density is maintained. As a result, we get a kind of "bulb." After wrapping the last layer, wrap the coil with electrical tape. A simple electromagnet is ready.
How to make an electromagnet, a second option. Prepare:
- enameled wire;
- pliers;
- cambric;
- nail;
- electrical tape;
- paper;
- plastic washers on the diameter of the nail;
- source of power.
Bite off the sharp tip with a pair of pliers from a nail. File this cut. The butt should become even. Burn it in the oven and let it cool down. Remove carbon deposits. Settling for isolation. We put cambric on the nail, set the washers on both sides so that the winding does not extend beyond the cambric. We wrap the wire around the cambric in tight turns. When the first layer is ready, wrap the layer with paper and proceed to the next layer. More turns - stronger electromagnet. Do not forget to lead the wires out after winding. The ends are cleaned and connected to any current source.
The third option. How to make a powerful electromagnet? This electromagnet, like the previous one, will work from electricity. And this means - the power is regulated, i.e. it can be either added or decreased. So, how to make a powerful electromagnet? Cooking:
- a nail (you can take any size, but not small);
- copper wire (coil) of medium size in diameter;
- switch (any that you find);
- Power Supply;
- soldering iron;
- scissors.
Now let's get started. To begin with, a clarification: if there is no nail, it is quite possible to adapt a rod of iron (or something like that). The main emphasis on the material (iron) and on the form itself. The rod must be selected long, not a curve. Copper wire should be wound on it exactly, without gaps. Now about the wire. Suitable, as you already understood, only copper. Where to get? From any power supply. For example, a small transformer from a small generator. Focus on the diameter of the coil: it should not be too large. Ideally, the average size. Break (or cut) the plastic so you can unwind the wire faster. The entire coil is most likely not needed.
Next step. We take a nail (or an analogue found) and wind the wire on it (evenly). Each coil should fit snugly to the previous one. I repeat: there should be no spaces. Wrap in several layers (at least four). Do not accidentally tear the coil when winding: breaking the connection will not allow the device under construction to work. Now we draw two conductors: the beginning of the winding and the end of the winding. We clean both contacts. Gently, carefully. The copper wire, as you know, is very, very fragile. Do not damage it, otherwise you can easily break the contact. After stripping, both contacts are connected to the power supply. And you can at the same time to the switch, if you want.
That's all. Choose an option and try. Good luck