Healthy teeth are necessary not only for a beautiful smile, but also for the normal functioning of the stomach. They need to not only be treated, but also bleached, and in some cases prosthetics. Naturally, before each of these procedures, the oral cavity must be prepared. For this, gum retraction is used.
What is a procedure?
This is a specific removal of soft tissue from the teeth using certain techniques. Gum retraction is a temporary phenomenon. The procedure is performed according to the doctor’s testimony. After treatment is complete, the tissues return to their place.
However, not everyone can use this method. To resort to retraction or not, the doctor decides. The average cost of the procedure is 200 rubles. However, it is important to consider what kind of gum treatment methods exist.
Indications for use
Gingival retraction is a common phenomenon in orthopedics. The procedure is not complicated, but not all patients are allowed, as already mentioned. It is shown in such cases:
- If it is necessary to protect the gums from injuries during dental treatment, as well as gingival fluid.
- For more effective removal of plaque and tartar from enamel.
- If necessary, the treatment of cervical tooth pathologies (caries).
- With too much proliferation of soft tissues.
- For prosthetics (when removing the impression). This method allows you to make the design more accurate and accurate.
- If necessary, eliminate gingival bleeding.
In principle, nowhere else is this procedure needed.
Surgical method
It is used infrequently. It is necessary to eliminate an excessive amount of soft tissue in case of its abnormal growth. Such an intervention is performed using local anesthesia.
Surgeons use either a laser or a dental scalpel to work. The first method is less traumatic and safer.
Chemical way
Such gum retraction is considered safe and effective. For the procedure, special pastes, gels or liquid solutions are used, which are applied with a brush.
The product must be applied to the soft tissue itself. Further, it penetrates between the teeth and gum, slightly pushing it away. After the chemical expires, the soft tissues return to their place.
However, this processing method has some disadvantages. For example, gels last only 5 minutes, so you cannot use them for treatment - too little time. Therefore, more often such methods are used to take an impression of a prosthesis.
In addition, adrenaline may be part of the pastes that make gum retraction. This drug is strong enough and is not recommended for dental use for those patients who suffer from heart disease, hypertension.
In addition, some preparations may stain dental tissues in a different color, so this method is undesirable for aesthetic dentistry.
Mechanical way
Such gum retraction is performed using metal staples or a special thread. It is knitted (in the form of a tube), cotton and anti-allergic (without impregnation).
This method is the most common, however, and it has some disadvantages:
- Possible soft tissue injury.
- The entry of thread elements into the restoration process.
- Not very high-quality protection of the marginal gums during the preparation of crowns for the installation of the prosthesis.
Features of the use of retraction thread
Gum retraction by thread is performed according to the following scheme:
- First, the doctor must measure the depth of the gingival sulcus. This will make it possible to calculate how deeply the thread will have to be installed.
- Next, the necessary place must be treated with an anesthetic.
- Now the thread must be wetted with a special solution that has the qualities necessary in each particular case: hemostatic, analgesic, antiseptic.
- Setting the thread to a predetermined depth.
- Carrying out all necessary medical measures.
- Thread elimination.
Gum retraction by thread (the maximum time of use is limited by the time of medical procedures) is carried out in several ways:
- In one thread. This method is minimally traumatic. However, it can only be used if the gums are completely healthy. This procedure makes it possible to shift soft tissue by 0.5 mm.
- In two threads. This method is used if a deeper effect is necessary. The doctor uses a pair of threads with different thicknesses. This method is resorted to, even if the gums are inflamed. It is most often used in orthopedics.
What drugs are used and what to do after the procedure?
Gum retraction with a thread (reviews of the procedure can be found different, but almost all agree that this procedure, though not very pleasant, but quite bearable) is most often carried out using medications and chemicals:
- Epinephrine. This drug constricts blood vessels, which makes it possible to reduce their volume. Threads soaked in this product should not be used by people with a heart condition.
- Ferrous sulfate. This substance has hemostatic and vasoconstrictive properties. However, it is not used to treat anterior teeth, as it has the ability to stain hard tissues.
- Sulphate of aluminum. This tool gives a water-repellent and astringent effect.
- Aluminum chloride. It is most often used if the gums are damaged or inflamed.
- Double aluminum sulfate. It is used if it is necessary for the thread to have an astringent, hemostatic and vasoconstrictive effect.
- Zinc Chloride This substance also has a strong astringent effect.
If a dry thread is used, then to facilitate the work of the dentist in the gingival sinus can put such drugs: Expasyl, Retrac, "Retragel".
After the procedure, a healthy gum can become inflamed. To prevent this from happening, she needs special care. For example, you can use the anti-inflammatory therapeutic gels "Metrogil Dent", "Kamistad", "Dental".
Folk remedies will not be superfluous for the prevention of complications. For example, it is permissible to rinse the mouth with decoctions of chamomile, oak bark, calendula. Medical toothpastes have a good effect. During the recovery period, do not eat too cold or very hot food. This will cause unnecessary discomfort.
If the patient has serious complications, then the doctor may prescribe antibiotics. As for the reviews, on their basis we can draw the following conclusion: the procedure is not very pleasant, but it helps to avoid many problems and speeds up the treatment process. Be healthy!