Most people who have sex are infected with one or many viruses at once. There are more than 100 types of formations on the body (genital warts) and in intimate places in women. This virus is widespread and has a large degree of contagiousness. If warts are damaged, they become infected, accompanied by secretions with not the most pleasant smell, itchy feeling and painful sensations. When asked about how dangerous condylomas in women are, doctors answer: by the fact that they become malignant. Pathology is transmitted sexually.
Condylomas - what is it?
Condylomas are one of the types of viral warts, which are some papillary formations on the pedicle, which tend to be crowded. These are the colonies that most often arise and cause discomfort on the genitals and their areas, problems in intimate relationships.
These small formations on the skin and mucous membranes resemble tumors. Pathology has a chronic, recurrent course, which is very spreading, is also characterized by high sensitivity.
Risk group for neoplasms and bleeding
Condylomas are easier to get if a person has:
- Transferred STDs.
- Free sexual behavior.
- Low immunity, lack of vitamins, frequent stress stress.
- Pregnancy.
- Vaginal dysbiosis.
How can it proceed:
- Self-healing.
- Lack of dynamics.
- The increase in genital warts.
- Malignant degeneration of genital warts.
Education is characterized by degrees of risk, such as:
- Non-oncogenic.
- Low risk.
- Medium risk.
- High risk.
At medium and high risk levels, there is a chance of cervical dysplasia and cervical cancer. It is transmitted from one person to another. The infection can be secretive, as the right amount of virus must accumulate in the cells in order for the symptoms to appear.
Once in the body, the virus is the first to infect epithelial cells.
Kinds
There are such types of genital warts in women:
- Papular warts with a dark red hue, domed appearance and smooth surface. They are located on the completely keratinized epithelium.
- Giant condyloma - begins development with reduced immunity, during pregnancy.
- Endourethral condylomas - develop in the urethra in men. Modern methods of treatment are not able to completely cure any kind of genital warts, all the more it is impossible to give a guarantee of complete absence of relapses of genital warts. It is necessary to undergo virological monitoring of the degree of treatment for genital warts, and women are recommended an annual histological examination.
Causes of genital warts in women
The main reason for the appearance of genital warts is the human papillomavirus. Most women who have sex have condylomas. In childhood, the virus can enter the body through abrasions. And it is possible to detect it only with a routine examination and delivery of tests by a gynecologist.
What are the main causes of human papillomavirus infection?
It:
- Lack of contraception with new partners.
- Smoking (constant use of nicotine reduces the body's immune functions, and a woman becomes more susceptible to infection).
- Unprotected sexual contact with the virus carrier.
- Non-compliance with hygiene.
- Disorders in the body in the postpartum period.
- Weakened immunity due to past diseases (prolonged use of antibiotics, vitamin deficiency, HIV infection, malnutrition, cancer).
- Hormonal failure in the body, lack of timely treatment.
The most common method of infection of the human papillomavirus and, as a result, the appearance of condyloma in women in the perineum is unprotected sexual intercourse with carriers of the disease.
A child can get infected from the mother when passing through the birth canal (if there are formations on the mucous membranes), so the most safe solution is a cesarean section. Some experts argue that it is possible to become infected by domestic means, but at the moment there is no scientific justification for this theory.
Symptoms of genital warts in women
The symptomatology of genital warts is quite simple, they do not need special tests to detect them.
It is worth contacting a gynecologist if:
- An uncharacteristic outgrowth was found on the skin in the labia or anus, resembling cauliflower in appearance.
- Itching and burning or soreness in the genital area.
- An unpleasant smelling liquid is released from the seal in the genital area. There is a feeling of moisture.
- There was bleeding and pain in the area of warts.
If the disease is not treated, then over time all these symptoms intensify. When condyloma formed on the cervix, in the vagina or urethra, it is more difficult to diagnose the disease on its own. It is also difficult to detect flat condylomas.
However, there are common symptoms too:
- difficulty or even painful urination;
- pain occurs in the lower abdomen;
- discomfort during intercourse.
A regular examination by a gynecologist will allow you to diagnose the disease at an early stage and prevent it from developing into a malignant formation.
Forms of genital warts
If we talk about the classification of genital warts depending on their shape, size and direction of growth, then in modern medicine there are three main forms:
- exophytic;
- endophytic;
- giant condyloma (tumor) Bush-Levenshtein.
As for exophytic, genital warts, as a rule, occur on the mucous membranes. Most often, the location of such condylomas is the mucous membrane of the genital organs. This is especially true for women in whom the clitoris, labia, and also the vagina are susceptible. In men, the scrotal region, as well as the entire surface of the penis, is primarily at risk. Rarely, condyloma occurs on the mucous membrane of the urethra. Genital warts can also occur on the oral mucosa.
Elements of genital warts endophytic forms are of three types:
- Flat condylomas in women. Despite the clear contours, they are practically not visible visually due to the fact that they do not rise above the level of the epithelium.
- Inverted. Outwardly similar to flat and often combined with them. They differ in their ability to grow into the underlying tissue.
- Atypical. They are small spike-like growths on the mucous membrane of the epithelium, because of which its surface seems mottled.
Bushke-Levenshtein condyloma is a rare pathology that usually occurs on the anogenital area, but can form on almost any surface, both skin and mucous. It is a fast-growing exophytic formation similar to cauliflower.
Diagnosis of genital warts
A person who notices a strange-looking growths must consult a specialist. The doctor conducts a survey of those who contact him and prescribes a series of procedures that will help clarify the situation.
To diagnose genital warts, you need:
- clinical examination;
- urethroscopy;
- examination of a smear from the cervical canal;
- histological examination;
- PCR;
- an immunologist examines the presence of antibodies in the blood.
Condylomas in men are more often pointed. Tumor growths are confused with a papular necklace, which is allowed as the limit of the norm of formations on the penis.
In women, genital papilloma is also confused with another type of tumor growths. For example, they are mistaken for micropapillomatosis if the formation is formed on the labia.
When during the examination of a patient, the doctor suspects that he is dealing with genital warts, the specialist must conduct a number of additional tests and examinations. This is done in order to eliminate the likelihood of incorrect diagnosis and to obtain confirmation that the tumor growth is not a consequence of other diseases. Example: molluscum contagiosum, broad condyloma, provided that the patient has syphilis.
Surgical therapy
Condylomas can be treated only at an early stage of the disease, however, even a young shoot is recommended to be removed by surgical intervention rather than waiting until the tumor becomes large. An attempt to get rid of condyloma by other methods may not lead to the desired result, and drug treatment helps to accelerate the fall of the process.
Creams, ointments, tablets are auxiliary methods of treatment before or after surgery.
On HPV in the human body, immunity is not produced, so relapses often occur.
Removal of condyloma in women under local anesthesia occurs in several ways:
- laser coagulation;
- cryodestruction;
- electrocoagulation;
- radio knife.
When laser coagulation, the affected area is treated with a neodymium laser (or carbon dioxide). The tissues are killed, evaporated, a dry crust remains, a scab forms.
A radio knife using radio waves removes the processes of genital warts quickly, there is practically no pain during the operation.
Cryodestruction - freezing the tumor process with liquid nitrogen. The method is prohibited for use by women who do not have children, who have never given birth.
Electrocoagulation - a condyloma is removed by exposing it to electricity through an electric knife. High frequency current passes through this instrument.
For any type of removal of genital warts, local freezing of the affected area with the help of drugs is used: "Podophyllinum", "Ferezol", "Imiquimod", etc.
In order for the removal of the growth to be as painless as possible and there is no trace of condyloma, before the surgical intervention, the affected area is prepared for surgery. Within two to three weeks, the sore spot is lubricated with ointments or tinctures that contribute to the burning of genital warts. The leg of the growth narrows, becomes thinner, as a result of which the spot after removal of the process is smaller, the skin is smooth, without a rough surface.
After surgery, a course of drug treatment is performed to improve the immune system. This is done in order to protect the human body from relapse. Cases when condylomas again grow in the affected areas after surgery reach 30%. However, if timely removal of genital warts is made, combining it with drug treatment, then new recurrent formations are reduced to zero.
Respond to the appearance of tumor processes in the genital area should be quick so as not to start the disease to the point where the percentage of relapse of tumors will be large.
Drug therapy
Condylomas are treated with medicines only when they have not reached large sizes.
Patients treat themselves, at home, purchasing drugs in pharmacies on the recommendation of their doctor.
After the examination, the gynecologist decides which type of treatment or drug will be effective for the growing condyloma. Use such drugs:
- "Podophyllotoxin";
- Solkoderm;
- antiviral therapy to increase immunity with the preparations Meglyumin, Likopid, Immunomax, Panavir;
- "Isoprinosine";
- cream "Imikvad".
Solutions "Condilina" (podophyllotoxin) and "Solkoderma" are used for multiple formations of small pointed outgrowths. Moxibustion drugs work. By eliminating the focus of inflammation, the drug contributes to the destruction of bacteria, resulting in a decrease in the legs on which the condyloma is held. Over time, the leg dries out completely, the formation disappears. After the treatment, there may be a relapse. The situation is repeated in 30% of patients, but if treatment is continued, then with time the probability of relapse is reduced to zero in a particular patient. To avoid relapse, doctors recommend carefully monitoring the state of the level of immunity. It plays a significant role in protecting against the virus.
Another good anti-genital drug is Isoprinosine. The tablets contain inosine pranobex, which acts as an active substance.
Take pills inside with papillomas. The dosage of the medication is calculated by the attending physician.
You can not take "Isoprinosine" if the patient is sick:
- gout
- has an increased sensitivity to the components of the drug;
- with hyperuricemia.
Cream "Imiquad" contains an active substance called imiquimod. Used to treat small genital warts. The cream is used three times a day. With each application, it is applied to a diseased area of the skin and left overnight. In the morning, the affected area is washed with clean water. After each contact with the ointment, wash your hands thoroughly. Ingestion of ointment is not recommended.
Antiviral therapy begins after the main treatment. The goal is to prevent relapse. The drugs are aimed at enhancing the strengthening of immunity.
There is also medicine for injection. Used for the treatment of herpes, but with condylomas there is a positive result at the end of the treatment course.
Condylomas in pregnant women are treated only after the birth of the baby.
Folk ways to fight the disease
It is recommended to treat genital warts in women using alternative methods only if it is recommended by a specialist who observes the patient. At the same time, alternative treatment is not basic, but complementary, stimulating.
Genital and broad condylomas in women are cauterized at home with the help of tinctures from celandine, propolis, fresh celandine juice. Use tinctures with caution, as from these funds get a skin burn. Contact tinctures and celandine juice with the skin should be frequent, but short-lived. Make lotions from tampons is not recommended. It is enough to moisten the skin area with tincture and allow the solution to dry, then put on clothes.
You can also use iodine to neutralize the affected area. It relieves inflammation, heals small cracks. You can not abuse iodine. With frequent use, iodine burns the skin, it cracks, exfoliates with pieces of epithelium.
There are two more ways to heal an inflamed area of the skin with a growth of condyloma or papilloma.
Raw egg: choose protein from it, yolk is not needed. The protein is stirred until smooth, so that it does not stretch with threads and flagella, then the mass is applied to the genital warts and nearby areas of the skin. Allow to dry. Repeat the procedure several times in a row. They hold the egg on the condyloma for an hour or two, after which I wash off the protein with clean water.
The second option for a gentle method of cauterization-drying is onion with vinegar. One medium onion is finely chopped, a teaspoon of vinegar is added. Insist for two hours, drain the liquid. The resulting mixture of onions is applied to the affected area, covered with gauze, attached with a plaster to the body. After 7 days, the cauterization course is completed regardless of the result. Further exposure to onion with vinegar will harm the skin.
When resorting to the folk method of treating genital warts in women, you must remember: these are auxiliary agents. Cauterization of the appendix is done with the expectation that the condyloma will disappear and there will be no need to perform surgical intervention. However, there are no allegations from science in this direction. The benefits of cauterization are not proven. At the same time, there remains a risk of burning not condyloma, but a patch of skin that the patient will lubricate with tinctures and mixtures. However, if you use cauterization two weeks before the operation, this will lead to a better result from the position that the leg of the condyloma will become thinner, the trace from the removal of the tumor will be smaller.