Dental deposits: types, causes and methods of removal

If you do not take care of the oral cavity, after every meal you do not remove the remnants of food, then dental deposits gradually begin to appear, they at first are soft formations, and then turn into tartar. What is the reason for the formation of such deposits and what are the ways to eliminate them, we will consider further.

What are dental deposits

Such formations on the teeth appear even in those who regularly and conscientiously brush their teeth and look after the oral cavity. Deposits on the teeth are formed under the influence of various factors. They affect not only the crown of the tooth, but also the surface of the gums.

Dental deposits often cause gum and tooth disease. They act annoyingly on the gums and tooth enamel, as they contain a huge number of bacteria and their metabolic products.

Partially soft plaque is removed when brushing your teeth. But this is only provided that the oral cavity is cleaned correctly and regularly. If personal hygiene is not observed, plaque remains on the teeth, between them and gradually leads to the formation of hard deposits.

Types of dental plaque

Dentists distinguish two groups of dental deposits:

Non-mineralized :

• Tooth plaque. This is a soft deposit, which gradually accumulates on the teeth, fillings, dentures. It is formed from food residues, waste products of bacteria. This deposit is firmly fixed on the teeth and can only be removed by physical methods.
• Soft clusters resemble a dense mass of white-yellow color. It is also formed by bacteria, their waste products, saliva and food debris.
• Leftover food.

Mineralized deposits. These include tartar. It can be supragingival and subgingival. It has a dense structure and dark color.

There are several factors that contribute to the formation of dental plaque:

• Content in the diet is too soft food.
• Violation of metabolic processes in the body.
• Preference to chew on only one side.
• Malocclusion.
  
• The presence of periodontitis.
• Failure to comply with oral hygiene.
• Features of the structure of the teeth.

Tartar is formed, usually in places where there is a bad effect during brushing and self-cleaning does not occur.

Causes of tooth deposits

When dental deposits are formed, the causes of this phenomenon can be identified as follows:

1. The use of toothpastes that do not meet all the requirements.
2. Brushing your teeth with a soft brush that does not cope 100% with its task.
3. Low content of vegetables, fruits and other solid foods in the diet.
4. The diet is dominated by thermally processed food, which is easily clogged between the teeth.
   
5. The structure of the enamel may not be completely smooth, so it easily delays deposits.
6. Uneven distribution of load on the teeth.
7. Smoking causes darkening of enamel.
8. Inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity.

The most important cause of deposits on the teeth is poor oral hygiene or improper brushing techniques.

It is important to know that the procedure for brushing your teeth should last from 3 to 5 minutes, only then you can effectively get rid of all deposits.

Stages of formation of dental plaque

Dental deposits go through several stages in their formation:

1. At the first stage, the accumulation of mineral substances occurs, it takes up to 2 months, and then the growth of crystals begins.
2. At the second stage, crystals are improved. The process begins after 60 days and lasts up to 1.5-2 years.
3. Stage three is characterized by crystal saturation.

It can be noted that the first stage is a soft coating, and on 2 and 3 - hard dental deposits.

Diagnosis of tooth deposits

To detect plaque on the teeth is quite simple. Even if you draw your tongue over their surface, you can feel it if there is a coating. The surface of the teeth does not seem so smooth. You can see in the mirror, such deposits on the lower jaw from the inside are best seen.

Smokers can easily see plaque, as it most often has a brownish color.

In the pharmacy you can buy special pastes or tablets that color the plaque in a different color, but it’s most effective to visit a dentist who will determine how much you can evaluate your oral hygiene.

How to get rid of dental plaque?

If you can cope with soft plaque, you can still do it yourself by doing thorough oral hygiene, then only a specialist can remove tartar. In dental clinics, there are special tools for removing dental deposits, as well as various methods. These include:

1. Mechanical disposal of dental plaque.
2. Chemical removal method.

After examination, the doctor, depending on the type of deposits, chooses a method of removal.

Mechanical sedimentation

Removing dental plaque in this way is carried out manually or using special equipment. You can combine different cleaning methods with each other, achieving the perfect result. At the end of the procedure, the dentist uses brushes and special pastes to polish the enamel, and the patient leaves the office with a snow-white smile.

Mechanical cleaning involves the following methods:

1. The manual method is carried out using special curettes. It is often combined with other methods. Personally, manual cleaning is used only when the use of the devices is contraindicated to the patient. This happens in the presence of epilepsy, diabetes and some other pathologies.
2. Removal of dental plaque by ultrasound. This is an effective way to remove using a modern device. The method allows you to remove even large stones without injuring tooth enamel.
   
3. The powder-jet method involves spraying a mixture of water and powder, effectively removing plaque and polishing the enamel. This method often complements the removal of dental plaque by ultrasound, eliminating the remnants of the stone.
4. Removal with a laser. This method is also possible, but due to the high cost it is rarely chosen by patients.

Chemical calculus removal

If mechanical methods of removing deposits do not give the desired result or the case is especially complicated, then you will have to resort to the help of chemistry. If there is greater tooth mobility or deposits are located in large clusters, then apply a gel, which in its composition contains: alkali, acid, iodine. He is able to destroy the plaque. The composition is applied for only one minute, and then removed, and the mouth is rinsed with water.

If this technique is used to combat dental deposits, the dentist must carefully protect the gums from the effects of the gel. Based on this, it can be argued that the root zone of the tooth remains poorly cleaned, so the method is considered insufficiently effective.

Rules for compliance with sediment removal

Despite the fact that modern dentistry has great potential, removal of dental deposits should be carried out with strict observance of the following rules:

1. All devices and instruments should be treated with antiseptic solutions to avoid infection of the patient's tissues.
   
2. When starting to remove tartar, it is necessary to treat the oral cavity with hydrogen peroxide or iodine solution.
3. During the removal procedure, use napkins to protect the treated tooth from saliva.
4. All movements of the doctor should be smooth, scraping.
5. The hand that holds the instrument should be fixed at the chin so as not to injure soft tissue.
6. In the presence of movable teeth, they must be fixed with the left hand.
7. The doctor should work in special goggles so as not to damage the eyes with pieces of tartar.
8. Ultrasound scaling should be done with extreme caution in patients with heart disease. It is forbidden to use this method in the presence of a pacemaker.
9. Whatever method of cleaning teeth is used, the procedure should end with polishing enamel.

To whom hardware brushing is contraindicated

Manual removal of tartar or soft plaque has practically no contraindications, which can not be said about the use of devices. Such removal of deposits is contraindicated in the following conditions and pathologies:

• With heart disease.
• If there are implants in the oral cavity.
• Bronchial asthma and bronchitis.
• The presence of hepatitis and tuberculosis.
• Diabetes.
• If there is an increased sensitivity, which can provoke a gag reflex.
• During pregnancy and during the period of feeding the baby, it is better to refrain from such procedures.
• For children and adolescents, such methods are also contraindicated.

When visiting a dentist, one must inform him about the presence of chronic pathologies or existing diseases in an acute form.

We get rid of stones on the teeth with improvised means

If you have tartar, how to get rid of at home? We suggest you study some folk recipes:

1. Use toothpastes with abrasive particles and a hard brush for cleaning, then you can get rid of soft plaque and even remove small stones.
2. Prepare a decoction of 40 grams of bark or shell of walnut fruit and a glass of boiling water. It is necessary to dip the brush and brush your teeth, adding a little toothpaste.
   
3. Make a paste-like mass of black radish and lemon juice, chew and spit thoroughly, and then brush your teeth with a paste. This composition softens tartar, thereby contributing to its removal.
4. In equal proportions combine ginger, sea salt, alum and turmeric. Pour the mixture onto a toothbrush and brush your teeth. Chemical softening of stones and their mechanical removal occur simultaneously.
5. Each meal should be completed with a thorough rinse with a decoction of an equal amount of linden blossom and sunflower flowers.
6. Prepare a decoction of dry leaves of horsetail. Boil the leaves and insist for an hour. Such a composition well removes mineralized dental deposits.
7. To drop a few drops of tea tree oil on the toothbrush and brush your teeth, it perfectly removes plaque and does not allow it to form in the future.
8. Use a solution of honey to rinse. It is necessary to dissolve a teaspoon of goodies in a glass of water. Manipulate several times a day, preferably after breakfast, lunch and dinner.
9. Prepare pulp from soda, a few drops of lemon juice and 3% hydrogen peroxide solution. Apply for a few minutes to hard deposits and then rinse thoroughly with water.

Removing dental plaque with folk remedies is a long process, it will not be possible to get rid of tartar in one application, so you have to be patient and use the tool regularly.

If folk remedies do not help to cope with tooth deposits, you will have to visit a specialist who will quickly and safely return you a beautiful smile and the health of your teeth.

How to prevent the formation of dental plaque

If with personal hygiene everything is so bad that tartar has formed, how to get rid of it at home or with the help of a dentist is clear, or maybe it's easier to prevent its formation? You don’t have to do anything complicated for this, just follow the following recommendations:

1. Thoroughly brush your teeth regularly in the morning and evening; the procedure should not last less than 3 minutes. Movements must be sweeping and circular.
2. Use special pastes that remove plaque well.
3. Reduce the amount of sweet and starchy foods in the diet, such an environment is favorable for the accelerated growth of bacteria.
4. Do not abuse strong tea, coffee, they can stain tooth enamel.
5. Include fresh vegetables and fruits in your menu so that the oral cavity cleans itself of plaque.
6. Use flossing to remove food debris between the teeth.
7. Rinse the mouth after eating.
8. Even if nothing hurts, you must make it a rule to visit the dentist every six months.

Modern hygiene products not only give freshness to the breath, but also help restore teeth to whiteness, relieve dental deposits and prevent stone formation. The most important thing is to use them regularly, do not forget about personal hygiene, then no plaque is terrible, he simply will not have a chance to appear. If you have questions about proper oral care, you should visit the dentist, he will explain everything and help you choose the means for brushing your teeth, and if necessary, he will find ways to remove dental deposits.