From the article you will learn in detail about the VAZ-2114 cooling system , what elements it consists of, and about possible malfunctions. The internal combustion engine works due to the fact that it ignites the fuel (gasoline in this case). This produces a large amount of heat. On cars, as a rule, a liquid cooling system is used, in which water (or antifreeze) with a pump moves along the shirt around the cylinders, along the thermostat and radiators. In more detail, you need to consider each component in order to understand the essence of the ongoing processes.
Cooling radiators
In cars, there are two radiators - the main one, which is located in the front part, and the heater, designed for heating in the cabin. On the VAZ-2114, the engine cooling system, as on other machines, is connected to the heater. The general scheme of radiators is two plastic tanks, between which there are tubes made of copper or brass. To improve heat transfer between these tubes are thin metal plates. Very often, the cause of increased engine temperature is the destruction of these plates or the absence of a gap between them.
The design of the VAZ-2114 cooling system is such that the radiator is blown by an oncoming air stream in normal mode. If the temperature rises above normal, the electric fan turns on. About it will be described below. During the operation of automobiles, it is necessary to clean the honeycomb of accumulating dirt. Insects, dust get into them, heat transfer deteriorates, engine cooling becomes not so effective. This is especially noticeable when driving through traffic jams.
Thermostat
The scheme of the VAZ-2114 cooling system has two circuits - small and large. In the first case, the fluid is circulated through the engine jacket, heater, excess is discharged into the expansion tank. In the second case, the main radiator is also connected to this chain. With its help, more intense cooling occurs. And the thermostat does it - a small device, which is based on a plate of heat-sensitive metal.
Most often, bimetallic plates are used, very similar to those that are found in circuit breakers. Only one difference - the dimensions are slightly larger, since this plate acts on the valve. The latter opens the fluid supply channel to the top of the radiator. The higher the temperature, the more the valve opens. This avoids overheating of the engine. If the temperature reaches a critical value at which the antifreeze even boils, forced air blowing occurs.
Pump (liquid pump)
On a VAZ-2114 car, the engine cooling system is sealed, with forced circulation. With the help of a pump, water (antifreeze) circulates through the system. The faster it happens, the sooner the engine will warm up in the winter and cool in the summer. In addition, without an additional โjerkโ, the cooling process will not be able to pass normally - the liquid will boil near the engine and remain cold in the heater and radiator. The pump forcibly pumps fluid through the channels and nozzles.
The most frequent breakdowns of the liquid pump are associated with the destruction of the sleeve or bearing (depending on the manufacturer of the unit). The service life of the pump does not exceed 90 thousand kilometers, which is equivalent to three years of operation. About the same amount of antifreeze functions normally. Further additives begin to disappear. In the VAZ-2114 cooling system, it is necessary to fill in fresh antifreeze once every three years, install a new pump and pipes, if their condition does not inspire confidence.
Electric radiator fan
The radiator is installed in the engine compartment, has three holes. Top two - for supplying hot antifreeze and connecting to the expansion tank. It is through the latter that excess liquid splashes out when heated. Cooling is improved by a fan. It is mounted directly on the radiator. The control is carried out using the computer and the sensor, which is located in the thermostat housing.
The VAZ-2114 cooling system is characterized by the fact that the sensor is used alone. It gives a signal of the current temperature. The electronic control unit performs analysis and processing, after which it sends data to the indicator. In addition, he is responsible for turning on the fan - when a certain value is reached, the electronic key is closed and power is supplied to the relay winding. The latter closes the power supply circuit of the electric fan and starts blowing.
Interior Heater Fan
It is the same as on the VAZ predecessor models - from 2108 to 21099. The VAZ-2114 cooling system (injector) is almost no different from the one installed on nine with carburetor engines. Installed in the engine compartment, in the middle, next to the fuse box. To replace, disconnect the wires from the ground and the resistor. Near the driverโs right foot, in a niche in the heater body, there is a small board with a constant resistor. With its help it turns out to change the frequency of rotation of the fan rotor in a wide range. Unlike similar elements of the classic series cars, the heater fan on the VAZ-2114 is turbine type, so the air flow is much more intense.
Expansion tank cap
A rather interesting design, which also characterizes the VAZ-2114 cooling system. With its help, it turns out to maintain a certain pressure value. There are two valves in the plug:
- Inlet - sucks in air from the atmosphere when the pressure drops to 0.03 bar.
- Outlet - opens when the pressure in the system rises above 1.2 Bar.
When the pressure is between 0.03-1.2 bar, both valves are closed. In case of failure of the tank cap, an increase in engine temperature will be observed, the liquid will tend to break out, so several outcomes are possible. First, the weakest point in the system may collapse. Secondly, pipes and an expansion tank will certainly begin to inflate. As a result - the appearance of cracks and leaks.
Conclusion
Replacing the VAZ-2114 cooling system is a troublesome task, since it is necessary to install absolutely all new components. But there are also such nodes that can be operated indefinitely. For example, radiators, stove faucet installed in the partition. These components rarely fail, unlike a thermostat or a pump. Even antifreeze, and he serves less. But the pipes of the VAZ-2114 cooling system are the most vulnerable components. Especially two going to the faucet stove. They are in close proximity to the exhaust manifold and are subject to very high heat.