Almost half of the women in the entire planet have one or more ovarian cysts. Some women are not even aware of their pathology. A tumor is detected only at the next gynecological examination or during an ultrasound examination. Today's article will provide you with information on how a bursting ovarian cyst manifests itself. The symptoms of this complication and methods of its treatment, you will learn further.
Cysts and their types
Before you find out what the symptoms of a bursting ovarian cyst have, you need to find out what kind of education it is. This pathology can take two forms: functional and non-functional. In both cases, a cyst is a kind of bubble, inside of which there is a fluid or tissue accumulation. The cyst membrane is a set of epithelium. With the growth of the tumor, it stretches, but at a certain moment it becomes thinner and bursts. It is worth noting that functional cysts (follicular, hemorrhagic and corpus luteum) are more prone to tearing. Their shell is thinner than others. However, such formations are able to resolve within a few months on their own. Therefore, cases of rupture are rarely recorded.
Non-functional cysts have a more dense coating. But they do not disappear on their own. Therefore, they burst over time. The following cysts can be attributed to such neoplasms:
- dermoid and endometrioid;
- mucinous and serous;
- epithelial and germogenic
- carcinoma and others.
Bursting Ovarian Cyst: Symptoms
Can I make this diagnosis myself? The patient can only suspect apoplexy if she knows that the tumor is present. In other cases, the doctor makes the correct diagnosis after the examination. Consider the main symptoms of complications.
- Severe pain in the lower abdomen. First they have a certain localization. Later, the sensations become dull and spread throughout the abdomen, give to the leg and rectum.
- The digestive system is changing. The patient feels nauseous, which is often accompanied by vomiting without relief. Diarrhea or constipation may also occur.
- The heartbeat quickens, and the pulse becomes weak. This is a sign of internal bleeding.
- Tension of the anterior muscular wall. This symptom speaks of peritonitis.
- Pale skin and loss of consciousness. In this case, there is a threat to the life of the patient.
Health care
If you find yourself having the symptoms described, you need to urgently call for help. Remember that you can’t take medicine before the doctors arrive. Painkillers and antispasmodics can show a blurred clinical picture. Take a horizontal position, and apply cold on your stomach. Gynecology in Moscow, as in other cities of Russia, involves the hospitalization of the patient with the described complaints. In a hospital setting, doctors will be able to conduct an examination, which includes:
- gynecological examination;
- ultrasound monitoring;
- blood and urine tests;
- puncture.
Depending on the results obtained, further tactics of action are chosen. Here are some addresses of clinics in the capital of the Russian Federation: ul. Lobachevsky, 42; per. Self-flowing, 21; st. Pokrovka, 22 and so on.
Pathology Treatment: Surgery
Russian specialists (gynecology in Moscow and other settlements) conduct surgical treatment of apoplexy. Drug correction in this situation is unacceptable. It must be remembered that any delay can cost the patient life.
To correct cyst rupture, one of two methods is selected: laparotomy or laparoscopy. In the first case, a heavy abdominal operation is performed, which involves general anesthesia and mechanical ventilation. Patient recovery lasts from two weeks to three months. Laparoscopy has gained an advantage in recent years. The operation is performed under general anesthesia, and the woman is sleeping at this time. In the abdominal cavity, two to four punctures are made, through which the instruments are inserted. Laparoscopy allows you to recover in the shortest possible time and not have complications from the procedure.
The tactics of treating a bursting cyst depend on the complexity of the pathology. If the ovary is not affected, then only the neoplasm is excised. Resection can also be performed: partial removal of the gland. With extensive damage to the ovary, a decision is made to completely remove it. An important role is played by the age of the patient and her desire to give birth to children.
Effects
You already know how to understand that a cyst on the ovary burst. The sooner you seek medical attention, the less likely it is that unpleasant consequences will occur. What threatens the situation when a cyst on the ovary bursts? The consequences (after surgery) may be as follows:
- the formation of adhesions in the pelvis;
- menstrual irregularities and hormonal failure;
- psychological abnormalities;
- allergic reactions to the drugs used (during surgery);
- non aesthetic appearance (scar after laparotomy);
- infertility (when removing the ovaries).
After surgery, a woman needs conservative therapy aimed at restoring and preventing complications. If the body temperature rises sharply, then this indicates an inflammatory process. The patient needs antibiotics to help deal with the complication. It is important to choose the right drug.
Prevention
If you have a cyst, then you need to be observed regularly. This will help to avoid breaking it. Functional cysts usually pass by themselves, but if this does not happen, then hormonal correction is prescribed.
Non-functional tumors require constant monitoring. Doctors often choose wait-and-see tactics. If education does not cause inconvenience and remains unchanged, then it is not touched. As soon as the cyst begins to grow, surgical treatment is necessary. It is timely intervention that will help to avoid apoplexy of ovarian cysts and peritonitis.
Instead of a conclusion
From the article, you learned what signs a bursting ovarian cyst has. Symptoms, treatments and consequences are described in detail. If you previously had to face such a complication, then it is worthwhile to conduct appropriate therapy. It includes the use of antibiotics, absorbable drugs, physiotherapy.
Be sure to find the cause of the formation of the cyst and eliminate it. For example, an endometrioid tumor results from endometriosis, a hormonal disease. A dermoid cyst is recognized as congenital. Be sure to be examined by a gynecologist. I wish you success!