The founder of the modern trend in art can be considered modernism, which is a generalized definition of such diverse phenomena of the last century as Fauvism, Futurism, Expressionism, Surrealism, Cubism, etc. The goal of artists here is to show that art surpasses reality, despite the fact that the works distinguish greater than before, social orientation, social acuity.
Conceptualism arose in the 60s. as one of the areas of avant-garde art. A feature of this style was a fundamental refusal to reduce art only to the phenomenon of consciousness. The works of conceptualists who believed that art is a source of communication and information are associated with inscriptions, documents, texts and everything else that is somehow related to the field of language. To do this, various techniques were used, which resulted in collages from newspaper clippings, medical X-ray photographs, unprocessed video frames, and non-retouched photo portraits.
In the 70-80 years. of the last century, the trends in art are characterized by a departure from conceptualism and a return to visualization, color. More and more artists begin to realize their ideas not on canvas, but in photography. Modern technologies are developing, which cannot but have an impact on the techniques and capabilities of the masters.
At the same time and until the beginning of the 90s. in our country there was so-called social art. The works of artists of this contemporary art direction included irony, humor, and a sarcastic attitude towards ideological propaganda clichés that were abundantly dissolved in the mass consciousness of the Soviet people. It can be said that this style was socialist realism turned inside out.
For the 80s. such trends in art are characteristic as:
1. Apt art - exhibitions of artists directly in the apartments due to the inability to exhibit work in the halls. The masters were united by an ironic attitude to life and art, and they used auxiliary materials to create images. The result was so-called installations - spatial compositions created by their industrial products, household items, fragments of visual or textual information, and even waste.
2. Graffiti as a type of street art. It includes various directions, in particular, bombing, tagging, rating, scratching and the so-called “reverse” graffiti, which is used to create works not with paint, but rather detergents, household chemicals. To this day, a fierce debate is ongoing over whether this style is real art or ordinary vandalism. Meanwhile, this direction is recognized as the most dynamically developing.
3. The demoscene, which appeared due to the development of computer technology and was a kind of fusion of creativity and programming.
4. "New wild", based on the traditions of Fauvism and expressionism. The result of this trend in art was to bring to the limit the principle of spontaneity, freedom from any restrictions and rules.
In the 1990s, trends such as toism, stackism, as well as video game and web art appeared in art. And with the beginning of the new millennium, we got street art, the art of relationships, fanism, VJ, soft art.
Modern trends in art are constantly evolving, reflecting in themselves the many social processes that occur in our society. Artists, photographers, sculptors reflect in their works their own vision of life, their attitude to the events taking place in it. Well, modern technical means and new trends only help art to develop, become larger, more accessible and more popular.