Inflammatory defects are considered the most common diseases of the female reproductive system. Of these, approximately 60% are lesions of the appendages of the uterus, or rather, the ovaries and tubes.
Despite the fact that many parents from an early age teach their daughters to warm their shoes and not sit on cold objects, the inflammatory process in women occurs very often. And all because this insidious disease appears not for these reasons. Of course, banal hypothermia can lead to undesirable consequences in the form of inflammation, but in this case it can arise not only in the appendages, but also in the urinary system.
Causes
The expression “inflammation of the appendages,” familiar to many women, is replaced by doctors with the scientific term “adnexitis.” Pathology is provoked by the vital activity of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms. Under certain conditions, they become pathogenic and contribute to the appearance of the first signs of the inflammatory process in women. Pathogenic bacteria enter the uterine appendages in various ways:
- from the vagina and cervix;
- on the lymphatic vessels;
- through the bloodstream;
- from nearby organs involved in the inflammatory process - for example, from the sigmoid colon or appendix.
The likelihood of pathology increases at times in the presence of at least one focus at any point in the body. After all, pathogenic microorganisms are able to move along with the bloodstream and enter almost anywhere.
The most common causes of the inflammatory process in women are:
- banal non-observance of the rules of intimate hygiene;
- promiscuous sex life;
- severe hypothermia and regular stress;
- childbirth with complications;
- the decline in the protective properties of the immune system, provoked by all kinds of diseases and viruses - for example, HIV, diabetes, genital infections;
- removal of the appendix;
- all kinds of intrauterine procedures - curettage of the cavity, abortion, removal or insertion of the contraceptive spiral.
Although in fact, the prerequisites for the development of pathology may turn out to be completely different. So, the problem can be caused by diseases of nearby organs that have a direct effect on the reproductive system. But still, the most common causes of the inflammatory process in women are hypothermia, lack of necessary body hygiene and gynecological procedures.
Local signs
Symptoms of the inflammatory process in women in some cases can be easily confused with the clinical manifestations of peritonitis, neoplasms in the intestines, colic in the kidneys, and even acute appendicitis.
Immediately with the defeat of the appendages by pathogenic bacteria, their full-fledged activity is lost, which is actually reflected in the reaction of the whole organism. There are several main symptoms of the inflammatory process in women, according to which the presence of pathology can be suspected.
Pain syndrome. A woman can feel severe pain in the lower abdomen, which may have a different character and intensity. Often it turns out to be aching, constantly growing. Pain can occur in the pre-iliac zone, and already from this area gradually pass into the sacrum and thigh. If the inflammatory process in a woman is chronic, the discomfort becomes constant, but not very sharp, while they intensify many times during menstruation, intimacy or physical activity.
Failures of the menstrual cycle. Menstruation comes irregularly and is very painful, possibly with severe bleeding. Usually, they last too long. Although in some cases the situation looks completely different: menstruation, on the contrary, becomes too meager and short.
Specific discharge. With the inflammatory process in women, the formation of an unusual mucous, purulent or serous secretion is observed. Often, along with secretions, the patient suffers from irritation and itching of the genital organs. In this condition, a woman may develop secondary vulvitis.
Common symptoms
The inflammatory process in the pelvis in women is accompanied by the occurrence of some clinical manifestations. These include:
- fever up to 39 degrees - a woman may suffer from fever, migraine, muscle pain;
- poor health - it is likely the appearance of nausea, a single attack of vomiting, unpleasant dry mouth;
- disruptions in the digestive tract - bloating and pain in the abdomen, as well as diarrhea, may develop;
- violation of the functioning of the urinary apparatus - some women note the appearance of pain at the moment of emptying the bladder, while a minimal amount of urine is released, and the urges themselves become very rare, in some cases, the patient additionally develops pyelonephritis and cystitis;
- problems with the endocrine and nervous system - the patient is depressed and neurosis, her performance is significantly reduced, some ladies note a decrease in libido and pain with intimacy.
You can get rid of all the torment pursuing the girl only with a correctly selected treatment regimen. Symptoms of the inflammatory process in women disappear literally in the first days of the start of therapy. Of course, achieving this result is possible with proper treatment. True, if we are talking about a chronic form of the disease, then the process will be a little delayed. But despite this, a woman will certainly feel significant relief almost immediately after the start of therapy prescribed by a doctor.
As for the clinical manifestations of the inflammatory process, leukocytosis should be attributed to them in the first place. The blood structure is changing, and ESR is increasing. During a gynecological examination, discomfort appears, pain in the ovaries and cervix. It is with these symptoms that the doctor can, without any doubt, establish the correct diagnosis.
Signs of chronic pathology
If the acute inflammatory process in a woman has not been cured, the disease gradually becomes permanent. The clinical picture of the chronic form of adnexitis is quite erased, the pathology proceeds with periodic exacerbations in the spring-autumn period.
Symptoms of such a disease can be all the same pains, but unlike the acute stage, they have a aching, dull character and are localized in the lower abdomen, sometimes giving off to the lower back and vagina. Abnormal discharge may also be observed. However, they are more scarce and less purulent, compared with those that are with acute inflammation.
Probable complications
Infertility is the main danger that any woman suffers from inflammation of the appendages. It can occur against the background of an adhesive process or obstruction of the fallopian tubes. And such defects develop if a woman has undergone poor treatment or did not go to the doctor at all.
It is noteworthy that after the inflammation suffered, the probability of an ectopic pregnancy increases significantly. This is due to the fact that the fallopian tubes under the influence of pathogenic bacteria irreversibly narrow and spikes appear on them.
Ignoring the pathology may entail the development of purulent processes, which require surgical intervention. In some cases, patients are shown complete removal of the fallopian tubes.
As you can see, treatment of the inflammatory process in women is necessary not only to eliminate all sorts of unpleasant symptoms. Do not think that the disease will recede on its own - immediately contact a gynecologist if the first signs of pathology occur.
Diagnostics
When the first symptoms of the inflammatory process appear, you should immediately contact an obstetrician-gynecologist. The specialist will collect the appropriate history, carry out an examination and give a referral for additional tests or a transvaginal ultrasound, if necessary.
Laboratory tests provide an opportunity to identify the cause of inflammation. It is their results that play a decisive role in the appointment of all kinds of medicines.
How to treat the inflammatory process in women
Most often, therapeutic measures are carried out in stationary conditions. Usually it all starts with the appointment of a certain diet that limits the intake of salt, carbohydrates and hot pepper. In the early days, the patient is shown compliance with bed rest, especially if she is experiencing severe pain.
Antibiotics deservedly occupy a central place in the treatment of the inflammatory process in women. In gynecology, they are chosen, depending on the cause of the pathology and the severity of its course. The antibiotics used should have a wide spectrum of action and the maximum possible half-life.
The inflammatory process of the genitourinary system in women is often provoked by various types of microorganisms acting together. That is why gynecologists often recommend their patients taking several antibiotics. Among them, doctors, as a rule, prefer:
- inhibitor-protected penicillins - Amoxiclav;
- third generation cephalosporins - Ceftriaxone;
- macrolides - "Erythromycin";
- antifungal agents - Diflucan, Nystatin;
- a derivative of nitromidazole - Metronidazole.
Other antibiotics may be recommended for a woman, however, all of them should effectively influence the microflora that can survive in an acidic environment.
The first few days, the drugs are administered by injection, then preference is given to tablets with a reduced dosage of the active substance.
The effectiveness of treatment of the inflammatory process in women can be determined already in the first two days after the start of therapeutic measures. If the procedures do not bring any effect, the appointment of the operation is likely.
Are sexual contacts acceptable during the treatment of the inflammatory process? Usually, during the acute stage of the disease, a woman does not even want to enter into an intimate relationship with a man. Indeed, during this period, the patient suffers from severe pain and other unpleasant manifestations of inflammation.
If we are talking about a chronic form of pathology, then before resuming an active sexual life, it is advisable to consult a doctor. Although, as a rule, women are advised to refrain from intimacy with a partner until complete recovery.
Complex therapy
In addition to antibiotics, a woman is recommended to administer intravenous saline solutions, glucose, hemodesis and other drugs, with a volume of 2-3 liters.
To eliminate pain and reduce the manifestations of the inflammatory process in women, you can use anti-inflammatory non-steroid drugs in the form of tablets. For example, Diclofenac, Ketarol, and Ibuprofen are great. Without fail, the patient is prescribed vitamins B and C, as well as anti-allergic tablets.
After eliminating the expressed symptoms of inflammation and lowering the severity of the process, the woman is prescribed physiotherapeutic procedures: ultrasound, electrophoresis with lidase or iodine, a pulsed high-frequency current.
When identifying the chronic form of the disease, a woman is recommended treatment in a sanatorium, which involves the use of paraffin, healing mud, special baths, douching and many other activities. Although, whenever possible, such therapy is desirable for those who are faced with an acute type of disease.
Gynecological suppositories from the inflammatory process in women
Such a tool is used to reduce the manifestations of pathology, relieve pain, eliminate swelling and reduce temperature. In the inflammatory process in women, suppositories can also be used as an immunomodulator, that is, to strengthen immunity, which is very important for any disease. In addition, such drugs are able to cleanse the body of all sorts of toxins and harmful substances.
The composition of anti-inflammatory suppositories recommended for women with inflammation of the appendages includes pyroxecam, diclofenac and other non-steroidal ingredients. The absorption of the active components begins immediately after the introduction of the suppository. However, a large number of side effects do not allow the use of the drug for too long.
Vaginal suppositories with terrilithin have a resolving effect and can cleave necrotic tissue. In addition, he is able to perfectly dilute pus and blood clots. Such candles can achieve a good result in the treatment of the inflammatory process in women.
Rectal suppositories "Viferon" contain alpha interferon, which has anti-inflammatory effect. This drug perfectly strengthens the immune system, eliminates pain and fever.
All the candles are prescribed only by the gynecologist, however, be that as it may, such therapy is auxiliary in nature.
ethnoscience
Treatment of the inflammatory process in women with the help of old recipes blends seamlessly with traditional methods. This insidious disease can drag on for several years, so many girls simply do not want to go to the hospital. In this case, you can try some alternative methods, which often turn out to be no less effective than pharmacy drugs.
- Sagebrush. Pick up more fresh grass. Pour 2 liters of plain water into the pan and bring it to a boil. Throw large wormwood wormwood into boiling water and boil for 5 minutes. Now you need to remove the pan from the stove, sit over it and stay in this position for 15-20 minutes. If you take a steam bath like this for a week, the signs of inflammation will gradually recede and the disease will stop tormenting you.
- Dry warming. It is necessary to warm up 3 kg of ordinary salt and place it in a canvas bag. Lay it on the bed and lie on top of your stomach. Cover yourself with a warm blanket and soak for 2 hours. Arrange such heating should be twice a day a week.
- Treatment fee. You can also prepare healing tinctures, which should be used for douching, oral administration or baths. Take in equal proportions dry St. John's wort, chamomile, oak bark, yarrow, immortelle and calendula. Pour boiling water over the herbal mixture and boil for 5 minutes. Then the broth should be filtered and insisted for half an hour. The prepared liquid should be used for douching. The tool should be used three times a week for a month.
Prevention
To protect yourself from inflammation of the reproductive organs, you must:
- dress warmly to eliminate severe hypothermia;
- refrain from intimacy with unfamiliar men or always use condoms;
- engage in timely treatment of inflammation throughout the body;
- systematically visit the gynecologist and undergo appropriate examinations;
- adhere to all the recommendations of the attending physician in the treatment of pathologies of the pelvic organs;
- properly carry out hygiene procedures, wash and wipe in the direction from front to back, and not vice versa;
- competently choose means for intimate hygiene;
- try to experience as little as possible, rest as much as possible and eat well.
Conclusion
Every woman should know the signs of the inflammatory process and how to treat it. If you find symptoms such as pain in the lower abdomen, unusual vaginal discharge and nausea, you should immediately consult a doctor. Only a specialist can conduct all the necessary studies and confirm or refute the suspected diagnosis. Procrastination can lead to a host of unpleasant consequences and irreversible phenomena, the main among which is the inability to have children.