The fuel system provides the engine with fuel. This is necessary for the car to drive. This system cleans and delivers gasoline to the engine, prepares, directs the mixture to the engine cylinders. In different operating modes, the engine consumes a different composition of gasoline in quality and quantity. Here we will consider what this system is for, of which nodes it consists of.
There are two types of engines:
- injection, which since 1986. most applicable in production. In them, the computer monitors fuel injection and controls the operation of the motor. This technology has reduced fuel consumption and lowered the emission of harmful substances into the environment. The method is based on a nozzle that opens and closes with an electric signal.
- carburetor. In them, the process of mixing gasoline with oxygen occurs mechanically. This system is quite simple, but frequent adjustment and major repairs are required .
The fuel system of a car consists of mechanisms such as:
- fuel lines;
- fuel filter;
- injection system;
- sensor indicating the remaining fuel;
- fuel pump ;
- fuel tank.
The fuel system of a diesel engine and gasoline engine has the same structure. Only injection technologies differ significantly.
Fuel lines are used to move fuel throughout the car system. There are two types: drain and feed. In the feed is the main volume of the fuel system and the required pressure is created. Unused gasoline is returned to the tank via the drain.
The fuel filter serves as a means for cleaning fuel . A pressure reducing valve is built into it , which is designed to adjust the pressure in the entire fuel system. From the valve, excess fuel flows into the drain pipe. If a direct injection system is installed in the machine, then a valve is not provided in the fuel filter.
Another design has a diesel engine filter, while the principle of operation remains unchanged.
The filter is replaced after a certain vehicle mileage or after the time of use.
The injection system creates the necessary mixture when fuel is supplied, enriches it with oxygen in the right volume and quantity.
The sensor in the fuel tank indicates the amount of fuel. It consists of a potentiometer and a float. When the volume of fuel changes, the float changes its location, thereby moving the potentiometer, as a result of which we see changes in the remaining fuel gauge on the sensor in the car cab.
The required pressure in the system is maintained due to the operation of the fuel pump. It is equipped with an electric drive and is mounted in the tank itself. Sometimes an additional booster pump is installed.
The entire supply of fuel is in the fuel tank and ensures uninterrupted operation of the car.
The fuel system needs to be cleaned, as it is prone to contamination. Cleaning reduces fuel consumption, increases engine life, accelerates driving dynamics, increases machine speed, and reduces toxic emissions.