The need to replace the sewer riser in the apartment occurs as the pipes wear. This is easier to do in your home, because you don’t need to get their consent from your neighbors. When replacing the riser, it is necessary to keep the ventilation pipe facing the roof. If this condition is violated, the water locks in the house will start to work incorrectly, which will cause an unpleasant smell of sewers.
Determining if a riser is needed
In case of cracks and fistulas in the riser or lowering of the horizontal pipeline, it must be replaced. The new riser requires tees in order for internal wiring to be possible. Pipes located horizontally in the screed and the tee can drop to the ceiling and pipes, which can be up to 10 cm.
Replacing the sewer riser in the apartment is the responsibility of the housing and communal services, however if you live on the top floor or in your house, you can try to carry out this operation yourself, but you must strictly follow the instructions.
Sewer riser device
In order to carry out the replacement of the riser, it is necessary to imagine its device. Domestic sewage is quite simple. The sewer riser device in the apartment has the following features. The pipe at the place of reception of sewage is placed a level higher compared to the place of their runoff. The slope along the length of the pipe to be laid should be uniform. The lower point of the drain pipe is introduced into a common riser near the floor. The height of the beginning of the pipe is calculated taking into account this point. For pipes, it is necessary to provide a slope within 2% with a diameter of 80-100 cm and 3% with a diameter of 40-50 cm. Exceeding this slope will lead to the fact that only clean water will quickly move through the pipes, and sewage will accumulate in them. With a lower slope, fats with water will enter the riser.
The riser should include a ventilation device, which must be present both in the apartment and in the house. It helps eliminate odors and compensate for pressure inside the riser. Arrangement of ventilation is carried out either by a fan riser, which is displayed on the roof, or by a ventilation valve, which forms unventilated sewer risers. The latter is installed in the part of the riser located above the devices and plumbing products connected to it. Replace cast-iron riser is best to instruct the appropriate specialists. If there is no desire to contact them, then you must follow the instructions below to replace the sewer riser in the apartment.
Tools and materials for replacing a sewer riser
It is necessary to stock up on a grinder or a pipe cutter, a chisel and a screwdriver to remove the cut material (first we remove the larger metal pieces, the second - smaller ones). You will also need a hammer (in order to loosen the desired section of the pipe), a nail puller and scrap (to remove clogged system elements). In addition, you should get a perforator (to remove cement at the joints), a cut out of polyethylene (to isolate potential holes), a grinding machine (to prepare the surviving pipe parts for summing the mounted riser), gloves and glasses.
Pipe ripping
The first operation when dismantling the old riser is to break pipes. The fact is that the pipes at the junction are attached to each other with sulfur, which you need to get rid of. To do this, you need to carefully beat the bell with a hammer (a beat with all its strength can lead to the replacement of the entire riser, which will result in a pretty penny for the owner of the apartment or installer). With the visible reeling of the site, it must continue to be loosened in different directions. If loosening occurs within a short period of time, then this most likely indicates that the connection was not carried out with the help of sulfur, but with a rope that needs to be hooked and pulled out without stopping reeling.
If you don’t get any results when tapping with a hammer, you need to take a torch or blowtorch and warm up the wedging place in a circle. Remember to wear a gas mask or respirator. When burning out, the wedging place is tapped with a hammer. At the beginning of the movement of the bell, it must be loosened with an adjustable wrench, while pulling on itself. At the end of the extraction of the socket, the place of its former fastening is cleaned with a mount, chisel or chisel. This will allow the sealing gum, which is treated with silicone, to be correctly inserted, inserted into the socket and let the tee or mounted plastic pipe down.
Pipe replacement during dismantling
Replacing the sewer riser in the apartment involves replacing the pipes of the old system, which can be carried out by dismantling and installing elements located between the floor and the ceiling, as well as their parts located between floors. The first option is most common, since the second requires the consent of neighbors.
Before dismantling, the water in the riser is blocked with warning neighbors. At a distance of 80 cm from the tee and 10 cm from the ceiling, the grinder performs incisions in the horizontal plane along half the diameter of the pipe. It is better to insert a chisel into the incisions. They are hit with a hammer, as a result of which the pipe breaks, its middle is dismantled. The remaining part under the ceiling is covered with foil and proceed to the analysis of the lower part using a nail puller and crowbar to loosen the tee mount, as well as a perforator for crushing cement at the joints. The old tee is removed and pieces of cement removed with a chisel and screwdriver. The ends of the old pipes are cleaned from contamination and treated with a grinder. In the room in which the sewer riser is replaced in the apartment, active ventilation should be carried out.
Preparing for the installation of a new riser
To carry out the replacement of the sewer riser in the apartment with your own hands, it is necessary that the following items are available:
- plastic pipes having a diameter of 110 cm;
- branches with tees;
- gum to prevent leakage at the junction of old and new pipes;
- clamps for fasteners;
- liquid soap to allow the pipe to enter the fittings;
- level vertically horizontal or vertical.
Mounting
Installation when replacing the sewer riser in the apartment is carried out in a certain sequence:
- A rubber cuff is put on over the old pipe and the joint is treated with sealant.
- An additional adapter is inserted into the tee.
- To measure the pipe with the compensator inserted in the tee, it is necessary to place it in the position in which it will always be. The cut is cut off, retreating up to 5 cm above the bell, carry out accurate measurements and connect the individual parts into a single whole.
- A new plastic riser is attached to the wall with clamps, which will not allow it to move down and break the structure.
- When replacing a tee, a compensator is installed on it. If two pipes are used for the riser device, the compensator is placed in place of their fixation.
The joint is always treated with sealant.
Finally
Thus, it is not so difficult to replace the sewer riser in the apartment, but any business requires a certain skill. If you are not confident in your capabilities, it is better to contact specialists. Before installing a new riser, it is necessary to dismantle the old one, which is perhaps a more time-consuming operation compared to installing a new system.