Economic and mathematical methods are currently widely used and are an important direction in improving the analysis of the activities of business entities, as well as their units. This can be achieved by reducing the time needed to complete the study, deeply characterizing the factors, and also by replacing complex calculations with simpler ones. In addition, multidimensional tasks are set and solved in the process that are simply impossible to accomplish using traditional methods or manually.
Mathematical methods of economic analysis require:
1) systematic approaches to the study of economic activity of enterprises, as well as accounting for all interrelated areas in various areas of the organization;
2) to develop a set of economic and mathematical models that reflect the characteristics of the tasks and processes in quantitative terms;
3) to improve the system for reporting information on the economic activity of the enterprise;
4) the availability of automated systems that are responsible for the processing, storage and transmission of data necessary for the application of methods;
5) the organization of specially trained personnel, which will consist of mathematicians, programmers , economists, operators, etc.
The task can be formulated accordingly and solved using economic and mathematical methods. Statistics are also widespread. Its methods are applied in the case when the analyzed indicators change randomly. Statistical methods help solve problems for which a forecast is needed.
The use of mathematics in economics is due to an increase in the efficiency of the analysis of enterprise activity due to the fact that the expansion of the studied factors and the substantiation of decisions are used. There is also a selection of the best options for the use of resources and the identification of reserves to increase the efficiency of production and labor generation.
Economic and mathematical methods can be divided into 4 groups:
1) accurate optimization;
2) approximate;
3) accurate non-optimization;
4) approximate.
The use of these methods to analyze the activities of the enterprise helps to get a clear idea of the investigated object, to quantitatively describe and characterize its external relations and internal structure. Economic and mathematical methods are used primarily in modeling. The sample that results is a model of the object of study. The control subject creates it with the display of characteristics: properties, relationships, structural and functional parameters of the object, etc.
Unfortunately, in economic and mathematical modeling, a situation may arise when the object under study has a complex structure. As a result of this, it is difficult to create a sample that covers all the features of the system under study. An example is the economy of a business entity as a whole.