The word "president" literally means "sitting in front." In ancient times, this was the name of people conducting various meetings or gatherings. In the meaning of “head of state”, the term was first used only in the 18th century.
In all countries, the institution of presidency has a constitutional legal basis.
It should be noted that this term has several definitions:
• Some political scientists consider it as a joint legal institution, the purpose of which is to coordinate the functioning of other state institutions.
• Others believe that the institution of the presidency is an orderly system of legal norms aimed at the election of the head of state, monitoring its activities, powers and responsibilities.
• There is an opinion that such an institution should be called the unity of all the power competencies of the head of state in the field of governance. It is understood that all powers are based on legal norms enshrined in the constitution.
• Some political scientists believe that the institution of the presidency is essentially close to an absolute monarchy, and the head of state in this case is not far from the role of the “father of peoples”.
Despite the difference in definitions, presidential power is in demand, and the president of any country bears personal responsibility for what is happening in the country.
Today in Russia, the person holding such a post is the sole head of the Russian Federation, receiving his powers as a result of national elections.
Presidential power is exercised jointly by the president and the executive apparatus, which usually includes the Security Council, administration, etc. Different countries have different executive bodies.
The presidency has been going on for many years. The first president, George Washington, was elected to the United States in 1787. The first Russian was B.N. Yeltsin in 1991. This happened immediately after the collapse of the USSR. The congress of deputies doubted the advisability of approving a new post, and the question of establishing a new post was submitted to the All-Russian Referendum. As a result of it, amendments were made “On the President of the RSFSR” to the Constitution, and a year later (in April of the 91st), after the declaration of the Declaration of Sovereignty, the very first President of the Russian Federation was popularly elected. In total, about 130 countries have the institution of presidency.
In Russia, first of all, he is the guarantor of freedom, respect for the rights of every person, as well as the guarantor (underwriter) of the Constitution.
The Institute of the President of the Russian Federation implies that the person holding the highest post:
• Ensures adequate functioning of all authorities.
• It guarantees the preservation of the sovereignty of the country, takes timely measures to ensure its independence, freedom, state integrity.
• He is the head of state, represents him in internal and external relations.
• Is the Supreme Commander of the RF Armed Forces.
To date, the institution of the presidency is enshrined in federal laws and the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
The President receives power directly from the hands of the people, he can act independently of some authorities, have a direct influence on any of them, including on judicial, has high executive powers.
According to the Constitution, the presidential power of the Russian Federation is not controlled by the Parliament. The latter takes an insignificant part in the formation of the Government, and this body itself is controlled exclusively by the president.
Thanks to such a reception, the Government is becoming much more stable than, for example, in parliamentary republics. The institute of the presidency of the Russian Federation guarantees democratic freedoms, while being the only acceptable instrument necessary to comply with the Constitution.