The federal states of Germany have always existed, but due to a number of historical circumstances, the borders between them have changed repeatedly, as well as the number of entities. For example, after the Napoleonic invasions, the Austro-Prussian war, and also, especially, after the First and Second World Wars. So, the largest land in Germany - Prussia - generally ceased to exist. This happened after the Second World War, when the country split into two occupation zones. After October 1990, historically formed borders identified 16 lands of
Germany, uniting it again into one country. On the geographical map we see the following symbols: Baden-Wurtenberg, Bavaria, Berlin, Bremen, Brandenburg, Hesse, Hamburg, Lower Saxony, Saxony, Saarland, Saxony-Anhalt, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, North Rhine-Westphalia, Thuringia, Reyland-Palatinate , Schleswing-Holstein. Three of these lands have the status of a “free state" - Saxony, Bavaria and Thuringia, however, they have no special rights compared to the rest of the lands.
Baden-wurttemberg
This land of Germany with the capital Stuttgart has ten million inhabitants. The most picturesque landscapes: mountains, forests, rivers (Schwarzwald, Bodensee, Rhine and Danube valleys).
Bayern
Munich is the capital of the largest administrative entity. This land of Germany - the famous Bavaria, with a population of about twelve million people, the largest and oldest - already in the 6th century there was a Bavarian duchy. It is also an extremely picturesque area where the best beer in the world is brewed.
Berlin
Berlin is the capital of Germany and an independent federal state, small but important. The population is three and a half million people. The city suffered a lot, being divided in two by a wall from 1961 to 1989, and all this time remained the center of the Cold War.
Brandenburg
The most sparsely populated land, despite an area thirty times larger than Berlin, is Brandenburg with the capital Potsdam. In the 17th century, mainly Dutch and French lived here, but even now the population is not crowded: only two and a half million inhabitants in a rather vast territory.
Bremen
The capital is Bremen. The land is small, and even divided into two territories (according to fraternities). This land of Germany, like Bavaria, is the oldest state entity - the city republic.
Hamburg
The capital of this land - Hamburg - the second largest industrial city in Germany, the most important port, trade and transport center. Despite the industrial beginning, it is one of the greenest cities in the country.
Hessen
The capital is Wiesbaden. The population is about six million. This land of Germany has the greatest economic significance. Frankfurt is the central residence of major German banks. There is also one of the largest airports in Europe.
Mecklenburg-vorpommern
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and its capital, Schwerin, with a population of about two million people - agricultural land and sparsely populated. Nature is stored here, like the apple of an eye, and the "thousand lakes" are the main attraction of this area.
Niedersachsen
Hanover is the capital of Lower Saxony. The population of Germany’s second largest land is seven and a half million. The North Sea, peat bogs and the East Frisian Islands, where during the Second World War concentration camps Borkum and Norderney were organized.
Nordrhein-Westfalen
The capital of North Rhine-Westphalia is Düsseldorf. The area is very densely populated, because it is the largest industrial center in Europe: the Ruhr region is a long chain consisting of cities populated by almost eighteen million people.
Rheinland-pfalz
The land of Rhineland-Palatinate (the capital is Mainz) was created from the former Prussian, Bavarian and Hesen territories. There are popular mineral springs and grapes growing there. Due to what winemaking is well developed. Tourist mecca.
Saarland
The small territory of Saarland with the capital Saarbrücken is coal mines and heavy metallurgy. Repeatedly passed from hand to hand, the last time she left France to Germany in 1957.
Sachsen
The capital of Saxony is Dresden. The most industrialized and densely populated land in Germany. Here are two famous cities - Dresden with its art gallery and Leipzig with its fairs.
Sachsen-anhalt
Magdeburg is the capital of Saxony-Anhalt. Northern agrarian territories are poorly populated, most of them in cities - Galle, Magdeburg, Dessau.
Schleswig-holstein
Kiel is the capital of the land of Schleisving-Holstein, the center of German shipbuilding. Previously, this territory was agricultural and livestock, now industry and trade are developed here, since the land is washed by two seas - the Baltic and the North. Lubeck has a large ferry port.
Thuringen
The capital of Thuringia is the city of Erfurt, founded in the 8th century, a garden city surrounded by forests - the green heart of the country. The tourism industry is well developed here, since the whole earth is like a museum - there are so many ancient cathedrals, monasteries, castles.