At the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st centuries, the problems of population reproduction came to the fore. Family state policy is called to solve them. But this is far from the only issue that she deals with. Additionally, quality issues are also considered, in other words, the formation of human capital.
Formation history
Considering the current situation? should start from the 90s. Reforms carried out then had a mixed effect on the general population. The changes of that time turned into profound changes in the life of families. So, there was a sharp and at the same time large-scale mass impoverishment and differentiation of family incomes. As a result, the existing disorganization of their life deepened. In addition, the prevailing moral and ethical traditions and norms were destroyed, and the instability of marriages increased. The concept of state family policy is called upon to solve emerging problems. This term began to be used relatively recently - somewhere in the late 80s of the last century. But the decisive role in the dissemination of this phrase in the media and literature was most promoted by the development and subsequent approval by the National Council in 1994 of the "Concept of State Family Policy." The use of this term in the title of the document (even if it has non-state status), distribution on behalf of the government to the regions - all this played a significant role in its approval.
What is a state family policy in the Russian Federation?
This is part of the mechanisms and decisions that are aimed at influencing society and its development. It is an integral system of principles, measures and assessments of a scientific, informational, organizational, economic, legal, propaganda and personnel character. As a result, the aim is to improve living conditions and improve the quality of life of families. After all, a healthy, law-abiding and prosperous unit of society is both the pillar of the state and the basis of harmony in society.
In addition, it contributes to social and political stability. Therefore, it is not surprising that the concept of state family policy of the Russian Federation also provides for a certain regulation of the relationship between the cells of society and institutions of power. At the same time, all spheres of life are covered - science, production, army, government. After all, people who are engaged in all this fulfill not only their official, but also family obligations. Therefore, to solve the problems of strengthening relations and accepted values, supporting the interests of individual individuals in the development of society, creating optimal conditions for the implementation of their functions, a certain adjustment of the situation by the state is carried out.
So, first of all, the existence of social rights and the need for their legislative consolidation are recognized. Moreover, the family is given a full status, as a result of which its interests are deliberately taken into account in the framework of the development of society. It is envisaged that the activities of authorities, the implementation of federal and regional programs should be carried out with an eye to this moment. The legislation included a set of legal norms that very carefully regulate the issues of relations between family members, as well as the very unit of society with the state.
About Challenges and Finding a Solution
The concept of the state family policy of the Russian Federation provides that in order to achieve a satisfactory position in this area, one should take into account ethnic characteristics, different religions, and the likelihood that a conflict of interest may result in an ethnic confrontation.
It cannot be considered that the current problems of the moral and economic revival of society and its modern cells into principles are insoluble. The implemented family policy is a certain ideology. It is expressed in the main directions, the system of goals and principles of carrying out activities by the power of the supporting structures. It is an organic part of social mechanisms of influence. In addition, the challenges that affect the economic, social, legal, medical, environmental, psychological and informational activities of families are taken into account. All possible problems must be considered from a position of regulation and coordination. That is why family policy covers absolutely all the institutions of society that are somehow involved in solving the problems of the cell of society and its members.
If we talk about the global purpose, then this is the harmonization of relations between the family and the state, the transfer from passive consumers to an autonomous position and the formation of an active creative creator of herself, and with it the whole society. Pursuing a competent policy allows you to combine common properties and tasks, as well as select methods for solving various individual and typical problems of the family.
What about principles?
It is not necessary to think that the Russian state family policy is doomed to failure and will not be able to resolve the challenges it faces. It is quite possible. If you rely on certain fundamental principles. Thanks to them, the state and its institutions of power can very well achieve success in this vitally important matter:
- Realism. The effectiveness of the ongoing social policy depends directly on it. There are many factors that affect the stability of formed marriage and family relations. Therefore, it is important to choose exactly what you can influence today or at least in the near future. For example, you can focus on the family performing its inherent functions, effectively helping marginalized sections of society, improving the quality of relationships, and similar aspects.
- A commensurate approach to different types of families is needed. One of the most famous common shortcomings in the implementation of modern family policy is its abstract and immediately appealing to all character. This is not good. After all, you need to classify them and develop such approaches so that they take into account the characteristics of specific types of families, their specific needs and problems.
- Family policy should systematically solve such problems as strengthening the cell of society and accepted values, ensure its interests in the process of social development, create the necessary conditions for the implementation of its functions, promote mainly independent livelihoods and help socially vulnerable elements.
Here is what, in short, can be said about the principles of state family policy.
About goals
The family in human society is a natural and familiar primary cell. This is the most important social value, fundamental institution. Also, the family is a kind of support system for the rights of each member. To fulfill this function, family ties and the interaction of close groups are essential. The family allows its members to ensure social, physical and economic security. Thus, conditions are created for socialization in the society of children and youth.
In addition, we cannot but mention the care of minors, the sick, and the elderly. Russian state family policy should act as a catalyst for the performance of these functions. It should create the conditions for the direction of the family in the direction of peaceful coexistence. The aim of the current policy is to develop and strengthen this lifestyle, as well as improve the level of well-being. In the latter case, it is not necessary to mean exclusively “welfare”. Indeed, well-being is used not only to denote material security, but also simply a happy life in which most of the moments are completely satisfying. It should be noted that the successful achievement of the designated goal is difficult due to the presence of a number of contradictions that the concept of the implementation of the state family policy has in itself:
- It is necessary to have a qualitative scientific justification for making managerial decisions in family policy. At the same time, there is an insufficient level of rational development of the problem at the regional level.
- It is necessary to strengthen the substantive and targeted approach to social policy. At the same time, there is not enough data on the basis of which the socio-demographic situation of individual families is characterized.
More about contradictions
Alas, the matter, alas, is not limited to only two of the above points:
- The position of the family in society is global and fundamental. Moreover, we can talk about the detachment of many state structures and institutions from the implementation of a rational family policy.
- Opportunities to increase the family’s own potential in solving social problems using voluntary assistance. Alas, public organizations in the field of family policy have developed an insufficient level of activity.
- It is necessary to increase the independence and activity of the individual in modern social relations. But at the same time, alas, we have to say that a significant part of the citizens had an openly dependent position.
- The country is witnessing a growing depopulation, deepened by a population crisis. The indigenous ethnic group has been dying for three decades, in addition, in 2018 even three hundred thousandth migration flows could not maintain the number of people at least at the same level. Moreover, the ongoing economic reforms lack a pronounced family-friendly approach.
As you can see, the implementation of state family policy is not carried out cloudlessly. To overcome these contradictions, the goals and objectives pursued should be clearly indicated. It is necessary to work to ensure that the social institution of the family is strengthened and developed. This can be both the creation and provision of the conditions required for the best fulfillment of the basic functions, as well as economic, reproductive, adaptive, protective and psychological support. But all this is possible only if there are certain actions on the part of society and the state aimed at the family. Important in this matter is the encouragement of those who demonstrate a positive example of the growth of lasting well-being, stability, leave many children, take part in the development of creative projects, create a positive atmosphere.
About tasks and measures
The goal of state family policy can be successfully achieved by implementing such long-term provisions:
- Improving the law.
- Mobilization of available financial resources to support families with the necessary level of social rights (these are education, healthcare, housing and the like).
- Formulation of effective mechanisms of self-sufficiency of the cells of society in the current socio-economic conditions. For example, this can be the creation of the necessary conditions to ensure full employment of all able-bodied family members, which allows to achieve the desired standard of living and maintain it.
- The formation of the subjectivity of the cell of society when using available opportunities while solving existing problems. This is especially true for overcoming dependency and the consumer approach within society.
- It is necessary to provide organizational and material conditions for family planning. Formation of favorable conditions for the birth and subsequent upbringing of healthy children, protection of motherhood and fatherhood, providing children at a certain level.
- Development and improvement of traditional and the formation of new approaches to promote family well-being. It includes the study of the social support system, strengthening the resource base, improving the situation with mental challenges.
- Creating conditions that will help children to receive adequate upbringing and education, and to prevent children from neglect and delinquency.
- Providing various opportunities, developing a system of supporting structures that allow providing the necessary conditions for solving emerging crises.
- Formation of favorable public opinions about the family and related lifestyle, the promotion of relevant values.
More about the situation in the country
The state family policy of Russia should be regarded as something more than just social support for the cells of society that have fallen into difficult life situations. It should help strengthen ties and an acceptable lifestyle. And also to spread the phenomenon called "successful family." How is this proposed to do?
State family policy in the Russian Federation has now been worked out in 2025. It spells out the planned standards of quality of life, approaches to addressing development and protection issues, and much more. It serves as a reference point for federal bodies of state power and local self-government when issues of life support, socialization, and ensuring rights and interests are being addressed. What about priorities? Especially to focus on them, the main directions of the state family policy were highlighted. An example is poverty alleviation, overcoming negative trends, and stabilization of material conditions.
Moreover, indirect instruments of influence are often used in this business. For example, they improve the situation on the labor market, reduce unemployment (including hidden), strengthen job security, stimulate job creation, provide vocational training, and provide various tax and other benefits. Decisions made can be both permanent and designed for certain periods. State family policy also supports the development of individual labor activity, farming and entrepreneurship with the involvement of labor of all members of the cell of society. At the same time, conditions are provided for the de facto equality of opportunities and rights of men and women in the labor market.
About the current situation in the country
What else can be said about the direction of state family policy? Currently developing a system of benefits that are aimed at supporting the whole family, which has minor children. The state also ensures that child support is paid in full and on time. This topic is also addressed in housing reform in terms of housing. For example, numerous programs of private subsidizing and lending to families that build or acquire their own real estate are being implemented. Various benefits are provided for large, incomplete, as well as those cells of society in which there are people with disabilities.
Another priority area of state family policy is to provide workers with children with favorable conditions for combining work with the fulfillment of their duties. The benefits associated with raising children extend to the mother and their father (adoptive parent). Legal protection of family members who are involved in the world of work is prescribed by law and is controlled by the state. In order to increase the interest of organizations in hiring citizens who have a high family burden, various economic incentives and benefits are introduced. At the same time, attention is paid to the qualifications of people who have a break in work related to childbirth and maternity leave. To ensure the harmonious development of children, extracurricular institutions, kindergartens, and summer camps are organized. It is also worth mentioning the social and medical support of families in our country. The main provisions include focusing on improving health, accessibility, care for pregnant women, women in childbirth and children under 18 on a free basis.
Envisaged medical measures
As for the plan of the state family policy in the field of medicine, here even a simple listing will take a lot of time. , - , , , , , , , , , . . , , , , , . , .
, , , , . , - . : , . . , . , , . , , / . , .
,
, , , , . , :
- Family sovereignty. This means that she is independent of the state and can make decisions that relate to her life, guided by her own interests and goals. But this is possible only within the framework of the current legislation. In fact, this means that the right is provided for any type, image, style of family behavior other than criminal. The principle of sovereignty assumes that the family has an appropriate economic basis. That is, it can extract and use income from legitimate activities, moreover, sufficient for its own self-sufficiency and development.
- The principle of freedom of choice. It implies the existence of a genuine alternative and the ability to choose any type of family and family behavior. The state and society are interested in the family acting in such a way that their interests are best satisfied while ensuring the quantitative / qualitative characteristics of the population, which will ensure the successful socialization of the younger generation.
- The principle of social contract. It provides for the regulation of relations between the family and the state, formulates mutual rights and obligations.
- The principle of social participation. This means that in the implementation of family policy, in addition to the state, other actors can take part. An example is public organizations, parties, commercial firms and other civil society institutions.
- The unity of the goals of family policy. This means that all the basic principles operate on the territory of an entire country, regardless of the specific characteristics of the cell of society and the behavior adopted in it.
A few words in conclusion
So the state family policy is considered. The periods of its formation and initial formation have been successfully considered. But it's too early to put an end to this and send it to the archive. After all, state family policy is constantly being improved and developed, what is relevant now may change beyond recognition in a decade or even be eliminated over time. This also needs to be considered.