Kidney cyst is a fairly common diagnosis. Most often, such a pathology does not bother the patient and for a long time does not make itself felt. However, in some cases, a neoplasm can cause the development of a pain syndrome of a chronic nature, as well as chronic kidney failure and arterial hypertension. An accurate diagnosis can only be made by a specialist with a narrow profile. Doctors often prescribe a diet for a kidney cyst. What does it consist of?
Varieties of cysts
First you need to figure out what a cyst can be. There are several varieties. A cyst is a hollow neoplasm that is surrounded by connective tissue. Inside this growth may contain pus, blood, serous fluid. The size of the neoplasm can also be different, starting from 1 millimeter.
Depending on the cause of the occurrence, cysts are classified as acquired and congenital. By the number of them they are divided into multiple and single. Depending on the affected kidney, cysts can be bilateral and one-sided, from the structure - complex or multi-chamber, and also simple - single-chamber; by localization - intraparenchymal (located in the organ parenchyma), cortical (located in the cortical layer), subcapsular (grow under the organ capsule), parapelvic (located near the renal pelvis).
Why does a kidney cyst
A diet with a kidney cyst can reduce the growth rate of the neoplasm, as well as make the treatment of the disease more effective. However, before proceeding with the treatment of the disease, it is worthwhile to find out the causes of its development. Basically, all kidney pathologies in which a cyst begins to grow are congenital. Most ailments are family in nature. These diseases include:
- spongy kidney ;
- dermoid cyst;
- polycystic;
- multicystosis;
- solitary cyst;
- certain hereditary syndromes.
Similar pathologies occur with various symptoms and can lead to renal failure.
Acquired disease
As for the acquired cyst, it develops throughout a person’s life and occurs against the background of certain diseases. As a rule, such neoplasms are single-chamber and solitary. In this case, the pathology develops asymptomatically, and the patient learns about it by accident. Often, such neoplasms occur with:
- kidney injury;
- urolithiasis;
- parasitic infection;
- glomerulonephritis;
- pyelonephritis.
Symptoms of the disease
In most cases, a diet for kidney cysts can reduce the risk of some symptoms of the disease. The main signs of pathology include:
- kidney enlargement;
- changes in urine;
- swelling
- frequent trips to the toilet at night;
- monotonous and constant pain in the lumbar region;
- difficulty urinating;
- increase in blood pressure.
Kidney cyst: diet and treatment
In what cases is a diet prescribed for a kidney cyst? Restrictions in the diet with such a pathology are not always required. If the neoplasm does not cause organ dysfunctions and does not manifest itself, then the patient's diet may be normal. However, nutrition should be rational and healthy.
If the disease is accompanied by unpleasant symptoms and causes an increase in blood pressure, the occurrence of edema and chronic kidney failure, azotemia, impaired water-electrolyte balance, nephrotic syndrome, a strict diet is required.
When is a diet required?
What diet is prescribed for a kidney cyst? With such a disease, compliance with all the recommendations of a specialist is required. As for the diet, doctors often advise to adhere to diet No. 7. Such a diet is aimed at reducing the stress exerted on the kidneys.
In addition, the diet allows you to lower blood pressure, improve the processes associated with the removal of nitrogen compounds and other toxins from the body, which can stay in the blood when the organs of the urinary system are impaired.
At the moment, there are several varieties of table No. 7. At the same time, a diet is selected for a kidney cyst, taking into account all the symptoms and disorders that occur in the patient's body. Table No. 7 is a diet that is designed for those who do not have pronounced pathologies associated with the work of organs.
Such a diet allows you to create favorable conditions for a speedy recovery in the inflammatory process. It is worth noting that an ailment that proceeds without obvious symptoms is often complicated by pyelonephritis. In addition, the diet increases the effectiveness of therapy, improves the outflow of urine and does not cause allergies.
Basic principles
What is a diet for a kidney cyst? A sample menu can be made by a dietitian. But in general, some principles must be adhered to. Among them:
- the amount of salt must be significantly reduced: not more than 5 grams per day;
- a day should use no more than 1.5 liters of fluid;
- it is necessary to slightly limit the intake of carbohydrates, fats and proteins - their amount should not exceed the physiological norm;
- it is forbidden to use various extractive substances, such as dyes, preservatives, spices and so on;
- food should be enriched with vitamins;
- food should be fractional, at least 5 times a day;
- culinary processing of products may be different;
- calorie intake during the day should be no more than 2400 kcal.
What is forbidden
What precludes a diet for cysts on the kidneys? The menu should be drawn up taking into account the fact that some products with such an ailment are prohibited. These include:
- black and plain bread;
- sausage products;
- high salt foods;
- fatty meats;
- mushrooms;
- mushroom, fish, and meat broths;
- salted cheeses;
- legumes;
- pickled and canned vegetables;
- mineral water;
- canned food;
- alcoholic drinks;
- coffee and cocoa;
- chocolate.
What is allowed
What is a diet for a kidney cyst? The causes and treatment of such a disease are determined by the attending physician. If a diet is prescribed, then the patient should include in his diet:
- protein-free bread;
- unsalted, hated soups cooked in vegetable broth;
- the first two weeks should limit the consumption of meat, then you can add the product to your diet in small quantities;
- fresh fruits;
- low-fat fish;
- dairy products and milk;
- no more than one chicken egg per day;
- weak tea;
- unsalted varieties of hard cheese;
- various cereals.
It is worth noting that such a dietary table is only the beginning in the process of switching the patient to a diet. What to do after removing a cyst on a kidney? Diet after surgery can improve the functioning of the urinary system and significantly reduce the burden on organs.
What is table number 7a?
Table No. 7a is a diet that is prescribed for a kidney cyst if the disease is accompanied by acute organ failure. In this case, the food is a low-protein menu. The purpose of such a diet is to reduce the burden on the kidneys, as well as in the elimination of nitrogen compounds and other toxins. The general rules of such a diet include the following:
- Salt-free menu.
- Food should be low-protein or protein-free. In this case, there are strict restrictions. Allowed to use per day no more than 25% of the daily norm of protein of animal origin. In this case, such food is an indispensable source of amino acids.
- To obtain a richer flavor of food, it is allowed to add leafy vegetables, lemons and saline substitutes to dishes.
- The diet should consist of low-protein foods.
- Table No. 7a is assigned for a short period of time - no more than 20 days. If the patient is reduced azotemia, then it is transferred to a more sparing diet. The menu is made according to table No. 7b. In this case, an increase in the amount of protein consumed from 20 to 40 grams per day is allowed.
- Meals should be 4 to 5 during the day.
- A day you can drink no more than ½ liter of liquid.
- It is recommended that fish and meat of any kind, salt, legumes and extractive substances be excluded from the diet.
- Calorie intake should not exceed 2200 kcal.
What is diet number 7b
The diet for kidney cysts in women and men is no different. Table No. 7b is assigned to everyone who has chronic kidney failure, as well as azotemia after table No. 7a. The purpose of this diet is the same as the previous one. The difference is in the amount of protein consumed. The main principles of nutrition, according to diet No. 7b, include the following:
- The amount of protein consumed per day should not exceed 40 grams.
- Table 7b is assigned on the 20th day after diet No. 7a.
- All meals are recommended to be prepared without salt. Per day, this substance can be consumed no more than 5 grams.
- The diet can include fish and meat, but in limited quantities. Such products can be consumed boiled.
- Significantly limit or exclude flour products, as well as cereals from the diet.
- Liquids can be consumed no more than 0.6 liters per day.
- The number of meals per day - 6 times.
- Calorie intake - 2400 kcal.
The essence of table number 7v
A similar dietary food is prescribed for those whose kidney cysts arose against the background of nephrotic syndrome. The purpose of such a diet is to eliminate protein deficiency, lower blood cholesterol, eliminate edema, and also to reduce the protein secreted by the kidneys. General principles of nutrition are as follows:
- Up to 0.8 lira of free fluid is allowed per day.
- Food should be fractional. The number of meals - at least 5 times.
- A day is allowed to consume no more than 2 grams of salt.
- It is worth limiting the amount of simple carbohydrates and extractive substances in the diet.
- It is recommended to use foods enriched with lipotropic substances such as methionine, polyunsaturated fatty acids and so on.
- The amount of protein in the diet should exceed the norm.
- Calorie intake - 2800 kcal.
Table number 7g
There is also a diet number 7g. It is prescribed for terminal renal failure. In this case, the patient is on hemodialysis. The basic principles of diet No. 7g:
- Protein intake is not more than 60 grams per day.
- Free liquid - not more than 0.7 liters.
- Salt - less than 2 grams per day.
- Exclude potassium-fortified foods from the diet.
- Food should be rich in vitamins.
- Heat treatment of products - cooking.
- Meals up to 6 times a day, fractional.
- Calorie intake - 3000 kcal.
In conclusion
Often, a diet is prescribed after removal of a cyst on the kidney. Such nutrition allows you to quickly restore the body after surgery. If the patient has a cyst, then he must undergo a thorough examination to be sure that the tumor does not affect the function of the organ.