What is a communication structure? A person is a social being living in close interaction with other people. Social life appears and is formed due to connections between people, this creates the prerequisites for relations.
Interaction is the actions of individuals that are directed at each other.
Communication Features
In social connection, there are:
- subjects of communication;
- thing;
- mechanism for regulating relations.
Its termination is possible with the loss or change of the subject of communication. It can act as a social contact, as well as in the form of regular, systematic actions of partners directed at each other.
Pedagogical relationship
What is the structure of pedagogical communication? To begin with, this process involves communication between children and adults. Without such an interaction, the child will not have a psyche, consciousness, they will remain at the level of animals in development (Mowgli syndrome).
The structure of pedagogical communication has a complex structure. It is a specific form of interaction between children with each other, as well as with other members of society. Communication acts as a means of transmitting a public and cultural society.
Communication parties
What is a communication structure? Currently, in communication, there are three parts that are closely related to each other.
The communicative structure of communication involves the exchange of information between people. Of course, it does not come down only to the transfer of information, this concept is much wider and deeper.
The interactive side involves the organization of communication between people. For example, it is necessary to coordinate actions, distribute functions among people, and convince the interlocutor of something.
The perceptual side of communication involves the process of establishing mutual understanding between the interlocutors.
Communication is a process of interaction between social groups, people, communities, which is accompanied by the exchange of experience, information, activity results.
Terminology
The structure of communication involves a goal, content, characterized by certain means. The purpose of this process is why people enter into such communication.
Means of communication are: words, speech, eyes, intonation, gestures, facial expressions, postures.
Its content is information transmitted from one person to another.
Stages
The structure of the communication process involves several steps:
- Need for contacts.
- Orientation in a situation.
- Analysis of the personality of the interlocutor.
- Communication content planning.
- The choice of specific means, speech phrases that will be used in the dialogue.
- Perception and evaluation of the interlocutorās reaction, establishing feedback.
- Correction of methods, style, direction of communication.
If the structure of communication is violated, then it is difficult for a talking person to achieve their task. Such skills are called social intelligence, sociability.
Communicative competence
This concept and communication structure are interconnected. Such competence is considered in the form of a system of internal resources, which is necessary to create an effective system of internal resources that allow building full communication in a certain circle of situations of interpersonal action.
Communication features
In order to analyze the different sides of the communication structure, let us dwell on its significance:
- instrumental, according to which it acts as a social management mechanism for conducting actions, making decisions;
- expressive, giving partners the opportunity to understand and express their experiences;
- communicative;
- psychotherapeutic regarding communication, emotional and physical health of a person;
- integrative, according to which communication is a means of bringing people together;
- self-expression, that is, the ability of a person to demonstrate his emotional and intellectual potential, individual abilities.
Communication strategies
Having found out what functions and communication structure are, we note that there are different communication variations:
- closed or open;
- in the form of a monologue or dialogue;
- personal (individual);
- role-playing.
Open communication involves the ability to clearly express oneās position, to be able to listen to the opinions of other people. In closed communication, the interlocutor does not express his point of view, cannot explain the attitude to the issues considered in the dialogue.
You can justify this option in several cases:
- in the presence of a significant difference in the degree of substantive competence, the senselessness of spending time and energy on raising the level of the ālow sideā of the conversation;
- if it is inexpedient to open the enemyās plans and feelings.
Open communication will be effective and efficient if there is an exchange of ideas and opinions.
Using masks
The structure of communication in psychology is associated with different types of communication. For example, ācontact masksā involves a closed formal communication, in which there is no desire to understand and take into account the specific characteristics of the interlocutorās personality.
In such a dialogue, the usual āmasksā are used: severity, politeness, modesty, indifference, compassion, as well as a set of standard phrases that hide genuine emotions. This type of communication is often used by those students who dream of "fencing off" from a teacher, classmates.
Business conversation
In order for mutual understanding to arise between people, it is necessary to take into account the psychological and individual characteristics of the interlocutors, strive to establish a dialogue, and listen to the opinion of another person.
We will find out what the structure and types of communication are, and note that the business version of the dialogue is considered the most common. If, in primitive communication, the interlocutor is considered as a necessary or unnecessary contact object, then in the business dialogue the nature, age, specificity of the person, the mood of the interlocutor are taken into account.
All this is aimed at achieving a certain result, which is more significant than personal misunderstandings.
The structure of business communication contains the following items (code):
- cooperative principle;
- sufficiency of information;
- quality of information provided;
- expediency;
- ability to take into account the individual characteristics of the interlocutor for the sake of the interests of the case;
- clarity of thought.
Qualitative Interaction Conditions
Interpersonal relations are objectively experienced, to a varying degree conscious of the relationships between the interlocutors. They are based on various emotional states of people in contact, their psychological characteristics. It is these relationships that are an integral part of communication.
In pedagogy, the term āinteractionā is used in several senses. On the one hand, it is necessary to describe real contacts in the course of joint activities.
On the other hand, it is through interaction that one can characterize the description of the actions of the interlocutors in social contact.
Physical, non-verbal, verbal relationships involve acting on goals, motives, programs, decisions, that is, on the components of a partnerās activities, including stimulation and behavior change.
That is why, when assessing the behavior of different individuals within the framework of the normative structure of social life, approval, censure, punishment, and coercion are omitted.
Social pedagogy
It distinguishes several options for interaction. In Western concepts, dialogue is seen on a social background. To overcome this shortcoming, Russian psychologists consider interaction as a form of organization of a certain activity.
The goal of psychological and social research is to assess the inclusion of all individuals in the overall process. To analyze the ācontributionā of each participant, you can arm yourself with a certain scheme:
- if a participant independently contributes his part of the total work, jointly-individual activity is considered;
- when each student consistently performs a common task, joint-sequential work is assumed;
- with the simultaneous interaction of all participants, jointly interacting work is observed.
Currently, psychologists use several different definitions of "communication", each of which opens this term from a certain perspective.
The content of the interaction can be excellent:
- transfer of certain information;
- perception of each other;
- assessment of the interlocutors of each other;
- influence of partners;
- general activity management.
Some sources highlight the additional expressive function of pedagogical communication, aimed at the mutual experience of emotional states, as well as social control associated with activities and behavior.
If one of the functions is violated, communication suffers. That is why, when analyzing the real relationships in pedagogy, the diagnostics of the functions is carried out first, then measures are developed for their correction.
The communicative part of communication involves the exchange of information between interlocutors. Understanding between all participants in pedagogical communication is achieved only if:
- signals come from another person;
- information on performance results is expected;
- information about the likely future.
Given the requirements of a certain period of time, various sources of information come to the fore, their internal content is different.
The child must distinguish between āgoodā information and negative information. How to cope with a similar task? An interesting version of the explanation was suggested by the psychologist B.F. Porshnev.
According to the results of his research, he came to the conclusion that the method of suggestion is speech. The psychologist identified three varieties of counter-tension: authority, avoidance, misunderstanding.
Avoidance involves avoiding communication with a partner: the child does not listen, he is not attentive, does not look at the teacher, and is distracted from educational activities. Avoiding implies not just avoiding direct contact, but also avoiding some circumstances. For example, people who do not want their decision or opinion to affect their interlocutor simply do not attend the meeting.
The impact of authority is that, dividing people into authoritative and opposing personalities, the child trusts one, refuses the other. There are many reasons for assigning authority to a certain interlocutor: status, superiority.
Conclusion
Among the various communication options, business cooperation is currently relevant. It is used not only in production, but also in general educational organizations. Teachers who strive to get maximum performance from their activities, use various techniques in their work that facilitate interaction with students.
All people dream of being listened to, heard, understood. Only if all the interlocutors are interested in effective communication can one overcome psychological barriers and actively manage the audienceās attention.
After the introduction of second-generation federal state standards to domestic educational institutions, teachers began to use innovative methods aimed at establishing relationships with students. The child is considered as a full-fledged partner, having the right to voice his point of view on the issue under discussion in dialogue with the teacher.