Repair is troublesome and expensive. I want to do high quality and inexpensive. But does it happen? Saving is good, but repairs are not done for one year. Therefore, the sequence of work must be adhered to.
The primer of the walls before the putty is a process that is invisible at first glance, but it is very important. Not fulfilling it, you run the risk of regretting your savings in a month. In addition, the primer of the walls before the putty will help to save on the replacement of facing materials.
Primer purpose
The best way to preserve finishing materials on walls and ceilings for a long time is to use special primers to increase adhesion. If the surface is not primed before the putty, the plaster or tile adhesive applied to it will begin to peel off over time. Also, some types of primers are antiseptics and prevent the occurrence of mold.
To prevent troubles (cracks, falling out of putty layers and sagging wallpaper), which often happen after filling unprocessed surfaces, priming the walls before filling will help. Photos will help to understand the features of primers and the nuances of their application.
How to choose a primer for walls
The priming of the walls before filling begins with the selection of a suitable mixture. First of all, attention should be paid to the degree of porosity of the surface. Brick, concrete and other materials have different percent moisture absorption. It is this factor that affects the adhesion of finishing materials to the wall surface.
For dense, non-porous substrates, a primer with a high adhesive property is suitable. If the surface is loose, very porous, it is better to use soil with a deep degree of penetration. Universal remedies are used for foundations of medium porosity.
Most primers are designed for a certain type of substrate (manufacturers indicate them on the packaging) to achieve maximum effect.
Descriptions of the types of primers
There are many types of primers, with different properties and for different surfaces.
Acrylic primer (universal) - suitable for most surfaces. Drying time directly depends on the humidity of the room, does not exceed 4 hours. Acrylic mortar is ideal for priming walls before puttying.
Alkyd - used only on wooden surfaces. It is forbidden to use together with putty.
Glifthal primer - intended for wood and metal. Very toxic, it is recommended to work only in well-ventilated areas in respirators.
Perchlorovinyl mortar is the most suitable for use on brick and concrete surfaces after puttying. Designed for outdoor use only.
Phenolic primer, like glyphthal, is used on wooden and metal surfaces where the depth of absorption is not important. It is not recommended to use before filling walls.
Polystyrene - used for wood and priming plastered, putty surfaces. It has a very toxic composition.
Polyvinyl acetate - for priming surfaces for painting with polyvinyl acetate paint. The primer takes about 40 minutes to dry completely.
Price categories
According to the price / quality ratio, the primer can be divided into four main groups:
- The cheapest. They are used when price is the predominant factor, and quality is not particularly important. This applies to low-budget construction projects, decoration of public non-residential buildings.
- Average price. Domestic manufacturers manufacturing primers based on imported components.
- The price is above average. Fillings and primers of well-known foreign manufacturers (widely represented in Russia).
- High price. Elite foreign manufacturers using additional special additives. Such material is manufactured and sold to order. The price may be more than the cost of mixtures of the third group at least several times.
Quality in most cases is directly related to the price of the primer. But there are exceptions. There are options for a good primer at an affordable price, they are enough to make a high-quality primer of the walls before the putty. "Knauf" - a line of primers that perfectly strengthen the base, dry quickly. Moreover, it is absolutely non-toxic - made of environmentally friendly components.
Preparing for the priming process
Preparing for priming is no less important than the process of applying the mixture.
Before starting work, you need to take care of the acquisition of all the necessary tools and materials. The application tool may be a roller, brush or spray. Also, when using a roller, a special capacity is needed for ease of operation. The amount of primer is calculated based on the total area on which the primer of the walls will be made before the putty. Consumption - about one liter per 3-5 square meters. m (depending on the type of primer).
After that, we cover the floor covering (if we do a partial repair). A plastic film will do. Next, we prepare the walls, remove possible fasteners, close up potholes and cracks. The primer of the walls before filling under the wallpaper requires careful removal of the remains of old wallpaper to prevent delamination of the putty.
Description of the work process
We carefully clean the prepared walls with a wet sponge to remove dust. Then we pour the primer into the prepared container and put it on the wall. It is more convenient to apply the material to the wall with a roller than with a brush: the primer mix lies flat, while the work progresses faster.
Roller movements are made first from top to bottom, then from left to right. Inaccessible places that the roller does not reach, we coat with a brush.
After completion of work, we wait for the primer layer to dry. Depending on its type, type of walls and humidity, this process can last from 3 to 15 hours. After the walls have completely dried, you can begin to putty.