Choosing a method for heating a private house is an important task for the owners. In direct proportion to the quality of heating is the comfort of the whole family for almost six months, while the heating season lasts. In this case, many cottage owners choose for themselves the option of using natural gas.
You can connect the home to this source by joining a highway passing near the house or using cylinders. When developing a heating scheme from many options, it is recommended to use a gas boiler in a private house. The boiler room, as a rule, is equipped with a separate boiler room. Only with the proper arrangement of this special room can the maximum efficiency of the entire heating system and a high level of its efficiency be ensured. There are certain requirements for a boiler room in a private house, which include certain standards and characteristics. Their use will allow you to build a heating system in such a way as to ensure the safety and comfort of people in the home.
And for this, the boiler room in a private house must be properly designed and equipped. How to achieve this? The answer to this question can be obtained by reading this article.
Principle of operation
Today, a boiler room in a private house is a fairly popular option, which many owners choose. First of all, they are attracted by the availability of this type of fuel and its environmental friendliness.
In order for the boiler room in a private house (see photo below) to be properly equipped and operated in compliance with all necessary requirements, first of all, you need to study the principle of its operation.
Gas installations give heat to the house due to the combustion of associated petroleum or liquefied gas. For the regular supply of fuel to the equipment in boiler rooms, the installation of an automatic gas supply system is necessary. It shuts itself off in the event of an accident or a gas leak. Among the advantages of such boiler rooms are the following:
- compactness;
- mobility;
- environmental friendliness;
- simplicity of arrangement;
- high functionality;
- autonomy;
- high efficiency.
Gas boiler house in a private house includes:
- gas burner;
- boiler;
- network pump;
- security system;
- Instrumentation (instrumentation system);
- automatic control system.
The gas equipment necessary for heating the house should be located in a separate room. It is called "boiler room" or "furnace". That is what its designation in the technical passport should be. An important point is the size of the boiler room in a private house, but more on that later.
Boiler
This device is the main device of the system in question. In this case, boilers are:
- With integrated gas burner. Such a boiler is convenient and simple. In it, air enters the device without pressure, naturally.
- With a turbo burner located outside the housing. Air is forced into such a boiler. The operation of the entire system begins only after receiving the air-gas mixture.
- Wall type. Such equipment is characterized by ease of placement and special compactness.
- Floor type. Such boilers are most convenient in terms of installation and maintenance.
Preparatory work
What events will the owner of a private house need to conduct in order to install a boiler in his home? To do this, he needs to prepare a package of certain documents and perform some actions. So, before equipping a gas boiler room in a private house, you will need:
- Conclude a contract for the supply of natural gas to an individual developer.
- Develop and coordinate with the representatives of the local gas service the project and technical conditions for the installation of appropriate equipment. Such documentation is prepared by specialized organizations that have the necessary license for this type of activity. These are ryegas and gorgaz, mingaz, etc.
Only after agreeing on a heating scheme in a private house will it be possible to proceed with the installation of gas equipment. Theoretically, this can be done independently. However, before carrying out such work, it will be necessary to study a number of special documentation, SNiP, and obtain permission for installation. It’s quite difficult to go through all these stages. In this case, in special instances they will certainly be skeptical of a person who has decided to independently carry out such a installation.
Do not strive to do such work with your own hands. It should be borne in mind that even the slightest deviation from the requirements of regulatory documents in the best case will result in a fine imposed by the inspector of the relevant service, and in the worst - will cause irreparable harm to the health of residents of the house and structure. That is why the installation of the boiler room in a private house should be carried out by professionals.
The need for a project
The location and equipment of the boiler house in a private house must be in accordance with certain building rules. It is for this that it will be necessary to prepare its project, which is carried out by specialists in this field of activity. Professionals will perform a heat engineering calculation for the boiler room, select equipment that will provide for domestic needs, and make working drawings.
Designers will describe all the standards used and the applied technical solutions in an explanatory note. The results of such work are subsequently provided to the appropriate organizations for approval.
At the design stage, the following criteria are taken into account:
- Type of energy carrier. In our case, it is gas.
- Heating mode. When designing, it is necessary to take into account the frequency of people living in the house. If the owners are not constantly in it, then it makes sense to install programmed control of the heating system.
- The location of the boiler room. In this case, the designers take into account the size of the boiler room in a private house and the volume of the boiler.
The finished project is transferred to the gas service for approval. It is additionally required to attach a package of the following additional documents:
- technical passport of boiler equipment;
- sanitary and hygienic conclusion;
- certificate of compliance of the boiler with technical requirements and instructions for its operation.
The documents prepared can be up to three months for approval. In the event that the regulatory organization does not have any complaints about the project, it is certified and given to the customer. After that, you can begin work on the direct device in the boiler house. If there are any comments, the project is returned for revision, after the necessary corrections, a repeated approval procedure is carried out.
Types of gas boiler rooms
Depending on the location of the room for the furnace can be:
- Freestanding. Such boiler rooms are equipped in rooms that are located at some distance from the apartment building. In this case, the connection of the heating system and the boiler occurs through the equipped heating main. A huge plus of a free-standing boiler is that the noise from its work does not interfere with people living in the house. Does not create discomfort to the owners and the smell of vaporized gas.
- Attached. Such a boiler room in a private house with their own hands is erected quite often. It is built adjacent to the building or to the outbuilding. Compared to a stand-alone structure, this type of furnace is more economical. After all, the construction of an attached boiler house will cost the owners much cheaper. In addition, such a room will not require heating equipment and technical communications. An attached type boiler room, as a rule, is accessed directly from the house, which allows owners not to go outside to service the boiler.
- Embedded. Such premises are located inside the house. The main advantage is the less time-consuming installation of the heating system.
General requirements for boiler rooms
What should a person know who plans to heat his home with gas? The requirements for a boiler house in a private house include the following items:
- it is forbidden to have more than two boilers in the equipment installation room;
- it is not allowed to store flammable or combustible materials in the furnace;
- the floor must have a concrete base or be tiled;
- non-combustible materials (concrete, brick, metal) are used for the construction of walls;
- the boiler must be in the center of the room, which will allow it to be serviced at any time;
- The inside of the doors to the boiler room must be lined with non-combustible material such as metal.
General room requirements
The design of the boiler house in a private house and its further installation should be carried out in accordance with the rules and regulations established for all settlements of the Russian Federation, as well as for the capital region. High-quality performance of such work allows the owner to avoid in the future many of the problems that are possible during maintenance and operation of the equipment.
Due to the high popularity of gas heating among the population, municipal authorities and the state pay increased attention to the question of its installation. That is why strict requirements for a boiler house in a private house were developed and are currently in operation. In particular, they indicate that a separate building is the best option for placing gas equipment. Planning such an autonomous boiler room in a private house should be carried out at the design stage of a residential building. However, sometimes it is not possible to do this, for example, for aesthetic reasons. In this case, the installation of equipment can be carried out in one of the rooms inside the house. You can also use a basement or attic for this. The ban on placing the boiler in a private house applies to all living quarters, without exception. You can not install such equipment also in the bathroom and in the bathroom.
The area of the boiler house in the house
Gas is an explosive fuel. That is why the premises intended for the location of a gas boiler in them are subject to an impressive list of rules and requirements of SNiP. So, if the power of the main furnace element does not exceed 30 kilowatts, then a separate room for its installation is not required. Such a boiler can be placed in the kitchen. But here, you will need to observe certain conditions.
In this case, the size of the gas boiler in a private house, that is, in this example of the kitchen, should not be less than 15 square meters. In this room, heating equipment is placed only if:
- the walls are lined with refractory materials;
- ceiling height not lower than 2.5 m;
- closer to the floor is equipped with an opening for air intake, which ensures its constant circulation;
- ventilation system installed;
- there are windows with windows, the glazing of which is within 30 square centimeters for each of the cubic meters of the kitchen.
It should be borne in mind that the larger the volume of the boiler, the greater it is necessary to provide for the furnace area.
Single Room Requirements
When equipping a boiler room in a basement or an extension, you will need to comply with all the basic requirements, as well as some additional requirements that apply only to this variant of the furnace location. Among them:
- refractory material of the walls that divide the rooms;
- the presence of natural light;
- arrangement of a ventilation system that is capable of replacing air at least 3 times per hour;
- separate door to exit;
- the volume of the room is not less than 15 cubic meters.
Free Standing Requirements
When installing equipment in a building located outside the house, one cannot violate the requirements of SNiP norms prohibiting:
- docking the foundation of a separate building with the foundation of a residential building;
- wall and roof decoration with refractory materials.
In addition, when constructing a separate building of a furnace, builders must use a solution of sand. In order to subsequently place a boiler in it, it will be necessary to build a separate foundation for the unit, rising from the floor by 15-20 cm. A separate sewage system is required for a separate furnace. If necessary, the coolant is drained from the system into it.
Ventilation
The operation of the boiler with maximum efficiency is possible only if access to the room is provided by a stream of fresh air. Such a measure will allow the removal of products resulting from the combustion of fuel. Most often, natural ventilation is sufficient for this. However, this option is not always effective. If the air flow in the room is clearly not enough to remove combustion products from it, then you will need to create an artificial ventilation system. Otherwise, a fire may occur.
To ensure natural ventilation in the boiler room of a private house, if the power of the main unit is not more than 30 kilowatts, a hole is drilled in the room wall, the diameter of which is in the range from 10 to 15 cm. A plastic pipe with a mesh or grille is installed in this hole. It also contains a valve for reverse thrust, allowing air to escape from the room.
In the absence of the possibility of natural ventilation, it is made forced. You can not neglect this system. Indeed, if fresh air is not received, an explosion of equipment is possible.
Chimney
This is another important detail that must be provided when equipping a gas boiler in a private house.
Certain requirements are also put forward to the chimney, which will definitely need to be observed during its construction. They indicate that:
- the diameter of the chimney pipe must correspond to the dimensions recommended in the data sheet of the boiler;
- the pipe should have no more than three bends and turns;
- the height of the chimney is determined by the roof - above it, but not more than five meters;
- the material for the manufacture of the pipe should be exclusively cylindrical metal;
- the chimney must have openings for periodic cleaning;
- installation of a protective umbrella or other similar structures at the top is prohibited.
Installation of equipment
Often, wall-mounted gas boilers are installed in a private house. Their installation is carried out at an air temperature in the furnace in the range from +5 to +35 degrees and humidity, not more than 80%. What is the sequence of these works? Its main preparatory stages are:
- finishing the walls of the room with a layer of heat-resistant building materials;
- arrangement of a ventilation hole located at a height of 30 cm from the floor level;
- the location of the pipe measuring 15 cm in diameter in the prepared hole;
- arranging an exhaust outlet with a pipe that goes outside, above the equipment.
After such preparation, they begin the installation of the equipment itself. To do this, make holes for the brackets. They should be located at a distance of 80 cm from the floor and strictly parallel to it. The mounting accuracy of the brackets is checked using the building level. Then a wall-mounted boiler is hung and fixed.
At the next stage of installation, an expansion tank and an air crane are equipped. They must be located at the highest point of the entire system. In order for the heat exchanger tube not to become clogged with the heat carrier, a mesh angular filter is installed on it, having ball valves on both sides. These elements will allow replacing filters without draining the water system. After such preparation of the heating equipment, it is connected to the chimney.
The next stage of installation is the connection of pipes with those pipes that exit the boiler. For this, plugs installed by the manufacturer are removed from the latter. The pipe serving to supply water must be connected to the upper pipe, and the pipe for its delivery to the lower. This can be done qualitatively only with the use of gas welding.
The last stage of installation consists in strapping. It consists in connecting equipment to a hydraulic system, electricity and gas.