The psyche and the human body (and animals) are inextricably linked, and this is confirmed by the fact that without the brain it cannot exist, because it is the ability of the brain to receive various information about the environment, it forms a reaction to these data - our behavior.
The work of the psyche occurs only during the active activity of a person, during which it can be adjusted: to improve, to become more complicated. It directly depends on the brain: the more complex it is, the higher mental abilities. That is why there is such a big difference between the psyche of an animal and a person: many sensations, feelings, emotions that are accessible to people for animals remain unattainable.
A direct connection between the psyche and the brain allows us to determine that the psyche and the body are interdependent: so when a person receives a signal about a threat (and the level of danger and what needs to be done at this moment is determined by the psyche and depends on its structure), then the level adrenaline in the blood rises, the heart rate quickens and the person is ready for quick mobilization. Those. here the direct influence of the psyche on the processes in the human body is manifested. But the body and its condition also affect the psyche with the help of the brain: for example, a lack of B vitamins can lead a person into a state of depression when he will give negative assessments of the phenomena surrounding him, which are actually neutral.
Forms of the manifestation of the psyche
Now consider the forms of its manifestation. As it became known, the more complex the structure of the brain, the wider the possibilities of the psyche. There are three main categories with which you can determine the characteristics of the human psyche:
Firstly, we can see the manifestation of the psyche by state: for example, sustained interest, creative upsurge, apathy, depression, etc. There are many mental states, they arise from a combination of physiological and external factors. For example, when interacting with another person, we can observe how emotions of a negative or positive nature arise, they also immerse us in a certain state. Due to the fact that the human psyche is complex, most often these conditions are formed using many factors.
Personality traits are another manifestation of the psyche. This focus, temperament, character and ability. They are formed under the influence of many factors, and this is another example of how closely the psyche and the body are interconnected: it has long been proven that the chemical composition of a person, blood type directly affects his temperament. So, choleric, melancholic, phlegmatic and sanguine people differ not only in reactions, appearance and body structure, but also in their predisposition to various diseases, which indicates a difference in the structure of each type. External factors also influence the orientation of a person: upbringing, the nature of interaction with other people.
And finally, the third category of forms of manifestation of the psyche - mental processes. They, in turn, are divided into two types:
- cognitive;
- emotional and volitional.
A person cognizes the surrounding reality with the help of the senses, and the information coming from them is processed by the brain and is "evaluated" by the psyche. So people experience sensations, they have perception, memory, thinking, imagination, speech and attention. With the help of these "tools" they show their psychic abilities.
In addition to participating in "informational" activities, the psyche is involved in the formation of the emotional-volitional sphere, with the help of which it manifests itself. Each person has strong-willed qualities that are developed to varying degrees. They are a sign of psychic possibilities, and the more developed the will, the naturally wider they are. Feelings are also a sign of the psyche and at the same time a form of its manifestation. There are many shades of feelings, and some experienced them, and some did not, because the psyche does not yet have such a complex structure as I require these feelings. For example, one of the most difficult feelings is love: someone falls in love, but this does not affect the “deep layers” of his personality, and the other, when falling in love, experiences a very complex “cocktail” of feelings that leaves a big imprint on his personality. That is why you can often hear talk about the fact that there is no love: those who say so cannot yet experience it as much as they imagine.
Thus, the psyche and the body are closely connected and develop in parallel, as the person is engaged: through cognition and interaction with the environment.