A hematometer is a violation of the natural mechanism for removing blood from the uterus, as a result of which it begins to accumulate there. In gynecology, this disease is quite rare. This pathological condition usually occurs after curettage of the uterus or childbirth. The difficulty in the outflow of blood from this organ is due to its insufficient reduction, as well as as a result of blockage by the polyp or placental placenta residues. At first, pathology often proceeds without any symptoms, so a woman goes to the hospital with an advanced disease.
The main causes
Hematometer - what is it and for what reasons does it occur? We found out that this is an accumulation of blood in the uterine cavity, in which its curettage is to blame, performed during abortion, undeveloped pregnancy and for diagnostic purposes. As a result of such surgical intervention, only the upper layer of the uterine mucosa is removed.
The main factors leading to a hematometer are the following factors:
- Polyp of the cervical canal. Such a disease is considered quite dangerous and is usually diagnosed after forty years. But the likelihood that the polyp will lead to the appearance of hematometers is rather small.
- The postpartum period. An increased risk of the formation of such a pathology after childbirth is associated with injuries and ruptures of the birth canal.
- An abortion, after which not only particles of the mucous membrane, but also parts of the fetus can remain in the uterus. This contributes to the appearance of such a disease.
- Curettage of the uterine cavity, after the implementation of which the hematometer most often occurs, since the cervical canal is narrowed.
- Endometrial cancer.
What is the danger of this disease?
A hematometer after curettage of a dead pregnancy or other surgical intervention in this area is very dangerous not only for health but also for a woman's life. If you ignore this condition and not be treated, then there is a high probability of purulent inflammation, leading to the removal of the uterus and further infertility.
The most dangerous complication of hematometers is sepsis (blood poisoning), which can be fatal.
Symptoms
The symptoms that arose after curettage or childbirth with a hematometer can be characteristic, and if a woman pays attention to them in a timely manner, she can be treated in time and avoid serious complications.
The hematometer is manifested by severe pain in the lower abdomen, as there is blood pressure on the walls of the uterus. Also, a woman should be alerted by the fact that menstrual or postpartum discharge has abruptly stopped. If they continue, they will have an unnatural color and an unpleasant odor.
As the disease progresses in the absence of treatment with a hematometer, symptoms may include the following: chills and fever. If an infection begins to develop in the uterine cavity, then severe pain is already felt in the coccyx and lower back. In this case, it is necessary to consult a doctor as soon as possible, since in the future the pain will only intensify. At this stage, a febrile state occurs, the body temperature jumps sharply. The woman is already moving with difficulty, and she should be urgently hospitalized. These are the main signs of hematometers after curettage.
Diagnostics
A qualified doctor will quickly make the correct diagnosis based on the following data:
- A detailed conversation with the gynecologist, as a confidential conversation contributes to further effective therapy.
- History taking.
- Gynecological examination with bimanual examination, carried out without fail.
- Ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs.
- Hysteroscopy.
- A smear from the vagina, cervical canal and urethra.
Drug treatment
The hematometer that has arisen after curettage is treated in several stages. First, the uterus is cleaned of accumulated blood with the help of medications that contribute to its reduction. Such drugs include Oxytocin. This medication quickly removes fluid from the uterine cavity, and also stops bleeding and relieves pain.
The doctor is obliged not to eliminate the symptoms, but to relieve the main cause of a disease such as a hematometer (after curettage). Treatment involves the use of drugs such as Methylergometrine, Ergotal, Ergotamine, which also contribute to uterine contractions. But it should be remembered that these medications should only be used under the supervision of a specialist, since they have a large number of complications and side effects.
To ease a woman’s condition, the following antispasmodics are prescribed: No-shpa, Spazgan, Spazmalgon. These drugs relax the uterine muscles and promote the withdrawal of accumulated blood. It is also necessary to take non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, most often sulfonamides and drugs of the phenylacetic acid group.
Instrumental procedures
If with a disease such as a hematometer (after curettage), the medication did not bring the desired result, the doctor may prescribe special procedures by which the accumulated blood is removed from the uterus.
Probing and hysteroscopy are used in case of severe blockage of the uterine canal. However, if after curettage of the hematometer is accompanied by the development of any infectious process, such procedures are supplemented by complete sanitation of the uterine cavity and the appointment of antibiotics.
A vacuum aspiration of the contents of the uterine cavity is also carried out, that is, the suction of accumulated blood from this organ with a special apparatus.
Many women prefer to treat a disease such as a uterine hematometer with folk remedies, which leads to the most adverse consequences. Homeopathy and herbal medicine can only benefit as a soothing and supportive therapy. Traditional treatment cannot be replaced by such methods.
Possible complications
If after curettage of the hematometer remains untreated, then this can lead to the following serious complications:
- endometritis (an infectious inflammatory process that occurs in the uterine cavity);
- pyometra (accumulation of pus in the uterus, accompanied by inflammation of the ovaries);
- peritonitis and pelvioperitonitis (an infectious process in the abdominal organs);
- sepsis (blood poisoning);
- infertility.
Prevention
In order to avoid such a disease, it is necessary to treat the following pathologies of the pelvic organs in time:
- endometritis;
- vulvovaginitis;
- salpingoophoritis.
Often inflammatory diseases of internal organs lead to the adhesion process, therefore it is important for a woman to be registered with a gynecologist. The doctor will help to control women's health, promote the right choice of contraceptives, and prevent the possibility of abortion.
Many women are interested in the question of whether arising after curettage of the hematometer will not become an obstacle to pregnancy. The gynecologist cannot have an answer to it, since it all depends on the complications that this pathological condition leads to.
Output
Thus, the answer to the question became clear: "Hematometer - what is it?" Such a pathology develops due to scraping of the uterine cavity, and its untimely treatment can lead to the death of the patient. In gynecological practice, there are a lot of examples when a woman gets into intensive care several days after an abortion or childbirth. The reason for this is the hematometer, which developed due to the remains of the ovum or placenta left in the uterine cavity. Therefore, it is extremely important to take care of your health.