A heating system is required in every living room. In the house, water heating is most often found using one or two pipes. The name of the system may vary depending on the installation technology. Two-pipe heating is a system where you need to lay two pipes, one of which will carry hot water to the batteries, and the other is returning the already cooled coolant to the boiler. This principle is suitable for various furnaces.
In this case, circulation is not of great importance, because when performing work, forced flow or natural flow is taken into account. Such a system can be made in buildings of any number of storeys. It is necessary for the work to determine the material, with which circulation is taken as the basis, and understand the principle of installation work.
Pros and cons of the heating system
Before choosing it is worth comparing the positive and negative sides. If you choose circulation, then with two-pipe heating, it will be inconvenient to apply natural flow, but the amount of material does not increase much, because the diameter of the pipes will be smaller. It will take longer to complete all work than to install one pipe.
Unlike a two-pipe heating system, it is not possible to install temperature controllers in a single-pipe heating system. It is convenient to set the temperature and not produce unnecessary costs. Of course, a bypass can save one pipe, but installing it is not so simple. The purchase of additional equipment and supplies makes work more expensive, as a result of this system has more disadvantages.
Masters believe that another negative side of two-pipe heating is the need to turn off the entire system in the event of a breakdown. The only way out is to install ball valves at the feed and “return”. They close, the battery is removed and repaired, while everything else is heated without loss.
The advantage of such a heating organization is that each element is supplied with warm water of the same temperature. But the coolant tries to linger in the first radiator, meeting with resistance, so it is better to install taps and a pump. Although, if you correctly position the pipes under the desired slope, the circulation completely passes by itself.
Features of two-pipe heating
It does not matter what type is chosen for heating a house, there are two main options - open and closed. How does each system work? They work at a certain level. If it is closed, a dense tank (expansion) of the membrane type is fixed. Work occurs when pressure is created inside. For two-pipe heating, this is quite suitable, not only water, but also ethylene glycol-based fluids, which have a higher freezing temperature, can become a coolant.
Do not assume that various substances are used for the coolant. Any additives should not be general purpose, only specialized. When a boiler of high quality, while expensive, is not worth the risk, pouring something incomprehensible into the heating system. If it fails, no one will repair it under warranty. This will be a user error.
What is special about an open installation? The expansion tank is fixed at the highest point of the entire system. Without an air outlet, such a system would not function effectively. So that the coolant is not superfluous, a special outlet is installed. So that warm water is used for household needs, you can’t do without recharge. At the automatic level, additives cannot be used.
For two-pipe heating of a private house, the closed method is considered relevant and safe. What are its advantages:
- You do not need to constantly feed and control, which is very convenient.
- It is completely safe, which is important for a house or apartment.
- It is not necessary to purchase additional tools and equipment.
Vertical and horizontal design
Do two-pipe heating with your own hands will not be difficult, having decided on the main areas. For him, there are two main directions: vertical and horizontal. It is important to carefully understand how to fix two-pipe heating radiators. A residential building with several floors will be fully heated with a vertical pipe installation. More basic material is needed, but fixing the batteries is easier. Air in the heating system is a big problem that leads to poor heating. In this form, air always goes up and is forced out. The top point implies the presence of a valve or expansion tank.
The horizontal view is suitable for a two-pipe system in houses with one floor, a maximum of two. Mayevsky’s faucet is considered to be the main one for venting air that has appeared in batteries and radiators. What do you need:
- Metal-plastic pipe (meter depending on consumption), size 20 x 2 mm. Using another material, it is worth sorting out the diameter.
- Two ball valves, the diameter is selected depending on the main pipe.
- Direct-flow radiator cranes. Diameter is ¾ as well as ½ inch.
- Expansion tank, the size is selected depending on the meter of the entire system.
- Pump. It is important to choose its power. If it is not enough, then it will quickly fail.
- Check valve ¾.
- Batteries (the meter is taken into account).
- Radiator taps.
- Stubs.
- Mayevsky cranes.
This set is enough to completely make the heating system in the room.
In the photo in the article you can see how you can do two-pipe heating with your own hands.
Where can I fix the wiring?
There are two main options: upper and lower flow of coolant. Each connection method has its own characteristics:
- Upper - fixing the pipe under the ceiling, after which the battery and the water supply are fixed at the bottom. The heat carrier flows back parallel to the floor. The main positive point is that it is suitable for natural circulation, since the swings are quite decent. Although few today create such a system, because it looks messy. But when they hide them in special boxes, it is quite beautiful and interesting.
- With lower two-pipe heating, the flow is lower, again taking into account the "return". As a result, it turns out that the whole structure is hiding under the floor or in the basement, but the return and delivery are at different levels. This is done as follows: a radiator is installed, a coolant under the floor is supplied to it, aesthetically. But with natural circulation, you have to lower the boiler below the battery. Therefore, it is better to use a pump.
Masters believe that the use of two pipes is an optimal and high-quality solution. For a dwelling with a large area, it is worth paying attention to the principle of circulation so that deadlocks or air collection do not occur.
Associated or dead-end movement of the coolant
A two-pipe heating connection can have several more types:
- Dead end - water supply and return in different directions.
- Associated - this is Tichelman’s scheme.
The second type is the most simple and easy to install when the area of the room is large. When in each room the batteries consist of one number of sections, then everything will work automatically. But at a dead end, you will have to install additional components to eliminate heat supply interruptions. When choosing a Tichelman scheme, setting a different number of sections on the registers, using the relief valves, the whole system will be able to balance.
If two-pipe wiring of heating is selected during dead-end traffic, the following situation may occur. The valves are fixed so that in general the flow of coolant is stopped to even out the heating process. Basically, they make the associated movement of the coolant, otherwise problems arise.
How to fix radiators?
In any heating installation, the main place is given to the batteries. Two-pipe heating of a house or apartment can be called unique, since any fixation option is suitable:
- Diagonal.
- One sided.
- Lower.
What's better?
Of all species, they prefer diagonal, because heat loss is minimized. Although regardless of this, they can use any of them, it all depends on the situation. When pipes lead under the floor, it is most convenient to use the lower connection, but the losses are large.
Lateral fixation
When the number of sections in the battery is not more than 13 pieces, lateral fixation is used. But exceeding this indicator leads to poor-quality heating of the room, which means that the system is inefficient. Masters believe that a lot depends on the material. There are products in which the percentage of heat transfer is maximum, which allows you to quickly reach the set temperature and save resources. There are many manufacturers of all materials on the market, including registers. You should not choose low-quality goods, since a lot depends on it. Well-known brands are reliable and justify themselves.
What system can be present?
In addition to all of the above, there is a heating system on two sides, also suitable for one- and two-pipe heating of a house. For it, wiring is taken from the fixing supply of the coolant, since it is not so difficult to assemble the return line. With a small line length, each battery is monitored.
In the case when the entire highway is large and there is no desire to use the loop, there is a division into two sides. But there is not always a technical possibility. After separation, an additional valve is mounted so that the water flow rate is controlled. In the absence of such an addition, creating a balance in the entire heating system will not work.
Features of installation work
It is not difficult to create two-pipe heating in a private house, it is not necessary to have professional qualities. It is important to understand the algorithm and the sequence of work, this requires tools:
- Hammer.
- Welding machine depending on the pipe.
- Drill.
- Screwdriver.
- Gas key.
- Level, the best - laser.
What next?
Having chosen the installation option, an individual scheme is developed. And then the work consists of several steps:
- Fixation in place of the boiler. There are fire safety rules for this. A suitable room with a special finish on the walls and fixed distances is chosen, also do not forget about ventilation.
- If necessary, a pump is immediately mounted.
- Laying the pipe line from the boiler to the heating registers. All this goes through the wall, so you need to make holes of the right diameter.
- Fixation of the radiator using the lower and upper pipes. For hanging, special brackets are provided that are screwed to the wall. Most often, radiators are hung under the windows. At the same stage, shut-off valves, heat sensors and other additional elements are attached. This allows you to adjust the flow of the coolant and maintain the desired temperature. Another important point is to maintain the distance from the floor to the battery, between them and from the wall.
- Crimping. Once the basic installation work has been completed and everything is in place, it is time to set up. Balance the flow of coolant, otherwise there will be problems when heating the house. This is done according to temperature indicators, water consumption. To be precise, some use measuring devices.
Conclusion
So, we examined what constitutes a two-pipe heating system. To stay in a private house or apartment was comfortable, you need to correctly approach the choice of a heating system. Few people today prefer the one-tube version. It is a two-pipe heating system that is widespread everywhere; it will not be difficult to install it. It is not always necessary to call the master. Having a handy tool and all the details, they develop a scheme and are already working on it.