Despite the fact that in recent years computer networks have been used on a global scale, sometimes users have difficulty understanding the meaning behind this term. The situation is quite common and not only in computer technology. In this case, the loud name hides the most common computer network known to all.
Computing networks are often confused with distributed computing programs. The meaning of their work is that the owner of the computer installs and runs a special client program. In accordance with the assignment (modeling of nuclear reaction processes, medical research), idle computing power is loaded with work, the result of which is sent to a distant server. It is important that the computer does not fully calculate the entire task, but a certain part of it. The remaining calculations are divided between the main initiator and other participants in the computing process. A famous example is Folder & Home. The term "computer network" with a number of reservations can be used for such projects. On the other hand, a term is usually understood to mean a little different.
Computing networks are the communication system of any computer equipment. So, for two computers connected by a network, there is no need to transfer information on any intermediate media. Using modulated electric current transmitted over the wires; light in a fiber optic cable or a magnetic field in the case of a wireless type of communication, it is possible to solve the issue of bi-directional data transmission much more efficiently .
Networking begins with the definition of the range of tasks. If you just need to connect several computing devices belonging to the same user, then, as a rule, we are talking about a relatively simple scheme. Such a network is called PAN (Personal Area Network). More common are local area networks (LANs). They are characterized by a closed, closed infrastructure, to which only a limited number of users are allowed access. Access to other networks is usually one at all. An example is computer clubs, where all machines are connected through a LAN; various offices (including the option with separate buildings) in which several computers are simultaneously used, etc.
Creating local networks can be performed even by a user who has only basic knowledge on this topic. This is what caused the mass of "LANs", especially popular in times of inaccessible or expensive access to the global Internet. Thus, using twisted pair or coaxial cable, dozens of computers connected dozens of computers within a multi-storey building by enthusiastic users. Such networks could be expanded by combining neighboring houses with the LAN. They solved several tasks at once: they allowed to exchange information, as they say, without leaving home, and also made it possible to use the services of an Internet provider, paying the tariff together.
Currently, the cost of access services to the global Internet network (English Wide Area Network, WAN) has become affordable even for people with an average income, so the need for the mentioned home local area networks is a thing of the past. Now, through LAN, mainly computing devices are combined in various business organizations, where such solutions are very popular. For example, by connecting two computers through a local network, you can share scanners, printers, etc., which in fact means savings. With a large number of cars, the economic effect is much more pronounced.