What to do with stomatitis: drugs and folk remedies

In the article, we will consider what to do with stomatitis.

The disease is an inflammatory process of the tissues of the oral cavity, which can be accompanied by fever, malaise, soreness of the inflamed mucous membrane. It is believed that this disease occurs exclusively in childhood, but this opinion is erroneous. Adults often suffer from stomatitis, but in children under 5-7 years of age, the disease is observed several times more often. The main reasons for this include the underdeveloped immunity and the habit of pulling various objects into the mouth.

What to do with stomatitis in adults and children, we will describe below.

Causes of stomatitis

Stomatitis can occur on its own or be a complication of other pathological processes. In many patients with often recurring stomatitis, a variety of immunodeficiency states are detected, therefore, a decrease in immune defense is the main factor in the development of the inflammatory process in the oral cavity.

The causes of this disease are different:

• fungal infections;
• allergic reactions;
• complications of another inflammatory-infectious process that is localized in the pharynx;
• mechanical injury, damage to the gums with teeth, dentures, overly hard food;
• accumulation of hard and soft dental deposits on the teeth;
• burns with hot drinks, aggressive medications, alcohol;
• the use of drugs that reduce the activity of immunity (corticosteroid drugs);
• poor quality care for gums and teeth;
• endocrine changes and systemic pathologies that provoke the occurrence of infectious stomatitis.

When a child has gum stomatitis, every parent wants to know what to do.

Varieties of stomatitis

Depending on the causes and degree of tissue damage, stomatitis is divided into the following types:

• aphthous;
• allergic;
• traumatic;
• candidiasis;
• ulcerative;
• herpetic.

Each of these varieties of stomatitis has characteristic symptoms and features. However, it is worth noting that any inflammatory process in the area of ​​the oral mucosa requires the help of a specialist, who must establish the causes that caused the development of the inflammatory reaction, and take measures to prevent the spread of the pathological process to adjacent tissues.

What to do with stomatitis, where to go?

Diagnosis of the disease

At the appointment, the doctor determines the type of stomatitis, on which the subsequent therapeutic tactics will depend. The survey should include the following activities:

• PCR diagnostics (for herpetic infection and fungi);
• bacterial inoculation of a smear from areas of inflammation;
• analysis of feces for dysbiosis;
• general blood analysis.

Stomatitis often occurs against a background of a decrease in the body's defenses, which occurs, as a rule, in the autumn-winter period, when respiratory viral infections are most active. Recurrent stomatitis requires special attention. In this case, it is necessary to carefully examine, undergo an ultrasound examination of the internal organs, examine the stomach, liver, intestines, evaluate the condition of the ENT organs and get advice from the otolaryngologist regarding the removal of cysts, adenoids, hypertrophied tonsils, which can be foci of chronic infection.

Risk groups

Stomatitis most often occurs in childhood. It is difficult to keep track of the children: they are driven by the desire to learn and taste everything around. In groups, kids use only toys, they can try food with other people's spoons, pull foreign objects in their mouths. This contributes to the entry of pathogens into the oral cavity and infection with stomatitis.

Accordingly, at-risk children are primarily young children. By school, the child, as a rule, becomes more responsible, begins to understand the usefulness of hygiene procedures and absorbs new information. By this age, immunity begins to function fully, which reduces the risk of stomatitis. Strengthening the immune system, proper nutrition, teaching children to wash their hands before eating, timely caries therapy help to avoid the development of inflammatory processes in the oral cavity.

What to do with stomatitis in adults?

This pathology among adults is also quite common. At risk are people who:

• use dentures;
• have chipped teeth;
• suffered serious surgical interventions, are in the recovery period;
• poor-quality brushing, have carious cavities;
• suffer from autoimmune diseases, suffer from immunodeficiency disorders;
• abuse alcohol, smoke;
• prefer to drink hot tea.

Symptoms of stomatitis

Symptoms in various types of stomatitis depend mainly on the location of the focus of the inflammatory process. In most cases, the disease proceeds without hyperthermia and is tolerated by patients relatively easily. But in childhood, stomatitis can be accompanied by anxiety, fever, tearfulness and a violation of general well-being. The child often refuses food, sleeps poorly.

What you need to do with stomatitis is interesting to many.

Allergic stomatitis

An allergic form of stomatitis occurs against the background of the development of allergies. High sensitivity of the body can develop both on food products (which is most often observed), and on household chemicals, cosmetics, pet hair, plant pollen and household dust. Upon contact with the allergen, itching, rhinitis may occur, the course of bronchial asthma worsens, skin rashes appear, however there are people who develop allergic stomatitis, and it is considered one of the signs of an exacerbation of a chronic allergy.

The main symptoms of allergic stomatitis:

• dry mouth
• loss of taste;
• burning in the mouth;
• metallic taste;
• swelling, redness, hemorrhage on the mucous membrane;
• discomfort during chewing, pain.

With allergic bullous stomatitis, vesicles appear in the oral cavity, which are filled with transparent contents. After opening them, the inflamed hyperemic mucous membrane, prone to bleeding, begins to be exposed. Erosion begins to be covered with specific fibrin films. The sores are sharply painful, the soreness intensifies in the process of eating or talking. Erosions can merge into a single inflamed area. The stronger the inflammatory process manifests, the worse the patient feels. In some situations, fever and appetite may decrease.

The most severe are ulcerative necrotic forms of this disease. The patient’s mucous membrane is sharply hyperemic; the specialist, upon examination, determines the presence of multiple ulcerations, which are covered with a layer of fibrinous plaque, which has a dirty gray color. Lymphadenitis (an increase in the submandibular and behind the ear lymph nodes) may develop. In addition, increased salivation develops, pain occurs during chewing food, often patients complain of a headache.

Symptoms of ulcerative stomatitis

Ulcerative stomatitis proceeds more easily. In the oral cavity, signs of an inflammatory process appear: the mucous membrane turns red, swells, burning sensation occurs. On the inner sides of the cheeks, on the gums, single ulcers develop, on top of which a white-dirty plaque is observed. At the same time, patients complain of excessive salivation, bad breath. There may be a fever. With the development of ulcerative stomatitis, soreness is observed, which intensifies when the inflamed areas come in contact with teeth, food, and tongue.

Ulcerative necrotic stomatitis manifests itself in the form of extensive inflammation of the oral mucosa with a rapid increase in symptoms. Tissues quickly become covered with ulcers that have uneven edges, on top of which there are dense films of a gray-green hue. Around them hyperemic tissues are localized, and erosion itself often spreads to the surface of the tongue. The foci of inflammation can merge, affecting the deep layers of the mucous membrane. If you try to remove the plaque, a bleeding surface will appear beneath it.

This type of stomatitis is characterized by a putrid breath, which does not disappear even after hygienic procedures. The severe course of the pathological process can lead to malaise and swelling of the face. Regional lymph nodes are enlarged. The duration of the disease is at least 10 days. In the chronic course, dangerous consequences can occur: rhinitis, otitis media, endocarditis, gastroenteritis, tooth loss. There is stomatitis on the lip. What to do in this case?

Signs of candidal stomatitis

This type of stomatitis develops with the active reproduction of Candida fungi, which provoke the development of candidiasis. Normally, such microorganisms are part of the normal microflora of the oral cavity, vagina in women and the intestines, but when the immune system is weakened or other adverse factors are exposed, they begin to increase their numbers, leading to acute inflammatory reactions.

Candidiasis stomatitis is most often observed among children under 3 years old and elderly people with weakened immune defenses. The pathological process proceeds with swelling of the tissues, redness of the mucosa, the formation of a specific cheesy coating on the inner surface of the cheeks, on the tongue and lips. Signs such as itching, pain while chewing food are also noted. In childhood, this type of stomatitis proceeds with vivid symptoms: at the same time, children refuse to eat, they have a characteristic white coating that completely covers the entire tongue and mucous membrane.

Aphthous stomatitis

Fibrinous forms of aphthous stomatitis are characterized by the appearance of single rashes, which are covered with a specific plaque. Aphthae heal approximately 14 days after occurrence. They most often develop on the mucous membrane of the lips, on the sides of the tongue. Relapses of aphthous stomatitis can provoke microtrauma of the oral cavity, dentures, uneven edges of the teeth, decreased immunity, recurrence of acute respiratory viral infections, ENT disease. If you do not carry out therapy and do not pay attention to increasing immunity, then such relapses will occur 3-4 times a year.

With necrotic aphthous stomatitis, dystrophic disorders develop on the mucous surface of the mouth. Tissue death is often found in patients suffering from complex somatic disorders and blood diseases. Aphthae in this case is not accompanied by severe soreness, but is converted into ulcers, lasting up to several weeks.

With the defeat of the salivary glands of saliva, much less is released and aphthous granular stomatitis occurs. Aphthae is painful, can develop against a background of fever, respiratory diseases, carious process.

The most serious form of this type of stomatitis is considered to be deforming, in which changes in the connective tissue are observed. Erosive defects do not heal for a long time, overgrowth of the mucous membrane of the palate, palatine arches and lips can form.

Herpetic stomatitis

The causative agent of this type of stomatitis is the herpes virus. Grouped or single vesicles appear on the mucous membrane, inside of which there is a transparent content. After opening them, painful and superficial erosion are exposed.

The disease is characterized by excessive salivation, poor health, decreased appetite, malaise, nausea, and an increase in cervical and submandibular lymph nodes. In children, such stomatitis occurs with fever, runny nose, gum reddening.

The formation of vesicles lasts several days, while the mucous surfaces of the oral cavity remain sharply painful, and the developing erosion is epithelized, leaving no residue. With a herpetic generalized infection, the likelihood of developing dangerous complications increases, especially if the pathology develops during the neonatal period. So what to do with stomatitis?

Which doctor should I go to?

In most cases, stomatitis is treated by dentists, however, if other chronic or acute diseases requiring correction are detected during the diagnostic examination, specialized specialists should be involved in the treatment process. In childhood, pediatricians treat such inflammation of the oral mucosa.

If a person has stomatitis, what to do, the doctor will tell you.

Treatment

The tactics of treatment of all types of stomatitis is selected strictly individually. In this case, the form of the disease is taken into account. For the period of an active inflammatory process, it is forbidden to eat spicy, spicy, hot or excessively cold food. If you eat hard food, against the background of mucosal damage during inflammation, a variety of secondary infections can join.

What to do with stomatitis in the tongue? For 3 weeks of therapy, alcohol is prohibited, smoking should be given up whenever possible. Restriction of physical activity is recommended, it is forbidden to overcool and overwork, even if the disease proceeds without an increase in temperature and severe discomfort. With stomatitis, it is useful to eat fermented milk products that heal the intestinal microflora, and thus increase immune function.

With herpetic stomatitis, the emphasis in therapy is on the use of antiviral medications. These medicines help suppress the herpes virus. In addition, medications are prescribed to help eliminate the manifestations of the inflammatory process, as well as immunostimulants and vitamins. Antiseptic mouth rinses are mandatory: solutions with antiviral activity are recommended for this.

The child has stomatitis and fever! What to do, parents often ask.

Symptomatic treatment for herpetic stomatitis is necessary in childhood if the body temperature rises: antipyretic drugs, analgesic ointments and gels are prescribed. Rinsing the oral cavity is a prerequisite for the treatment of any kind of stomatitis. Locally, antiseptic agents help reduce the activity of pathogenic microorganisms, wash out the pathogenic microflora with infected saliva, normalize well-being and speed up the healing process.

When stomatitis hurts, what should I do? If the temperature rises amid the development of stomatitis, then in addition to antipyretic drugs, it is useful to take a large amount of vitamin drinks (herbal decoctions, tea with honey and linden). With fungal forms of this pathological process, it is useful to rinse the oral cavity with a solution of soda. Chlorhexidine effectively helps with traumatic and aphthous forms of stomatitis. Such antiseptic has a rather weak effect on viruses.

What to do if stomatitis in the mouth is aphthous?

With aphthous stomatitis, which is prone to relapse, allergenic foods (citrus fruits, chocolate, strawberries) and foods that can injure an inflamed mucous membrane should be excluded from the diet. Aphthae is treated with dental anti-inflammatory gels with analgesic properties (for example, Cholisal). Recommended mouth rinses with special decoctions of medicinal herbs and antiseptics. For rapid epithelialization of the mucosa after the inflammatory reaction subsides, regenerative medicines are prescribed.

With ulcerative necrotic stomatitis, antibacterial drugs are prescribed, most often in the form of injections. Additionally, experts may recommend the use of the drug “Metronidazole” in tablets. Such potent drugs are necessary, since this type of stomatitis without effective therapeutic methods often leads to serious infectious complications. With stomatitis of this kind, antihistamines are also prescribed.

If candida stomatitis is tortured, what should I do? With candidiasis of the oral mucosa, antifungal drugs are used. It is extremely important to choose the right directions of therapy, which will directly affect the cause of inflammation. This is the only way to minimize the likelihood of recurrence of stomatitis and the development of secondary infections.

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2. “Candiderm” is a combined broad-spectrum product that contains three active elements: gentamicin, clotrimazole and beclomethasone. The tool is made in the form of a cream, which should be treated with areas of inflammation.

And if stomatitis is in the tongue, what should I do?

If bacteria became the cause of the development of stomatitis in the tongue, medications with anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects - Hexatidine, Chlorhexidine, Miramistin, etc., as well as local anesthetics can be used for treatment. Some drugs are fortified with extracts of medicinal plants, which helps relieve inflammation and soothe gums. Such medications include: Metrogil Denta, Holisal, Mundizal, Kamistad.

What to do with stomatitis at home? Let's consider further.

Folk remedies for stomatitis

In combination with drugs, treatment with folk remedies is considered effective. Various herbs are popular: chamomile, anise, burdock, arnica, oak bark. In addition to herbal rinses for rinsing, folk recipes involve the use of raw potatoes, honey, cabbage, carrots, garlic. Lotions and ointments are made from these ingredients.

When stomatitis appeared, what else to do at home? The most popular folk remedy is rinsing with chamomile infusion. Since it helps in the treatment of inflammatory processes, then in this case it copes well. One spoon of chamomile is poured with 200 ml of boiling water, cooled to room temperature, add a little honey and rinse the mouth with infusion.

What to do if stomatitis does not go away?

Frequent stomatitis in adults and children is treated according to the same principles, but using different drugs. The activity of the active substances in the composition of medicines is different, as well as a different level of immunity.

Oral hygiene must be followed. When stomatitis does not go away for a long time, this may mean that microbes constantly circulate in the oral cavity. Their foci must be destroyed. For this, professional toothbrushing is used. But this method is only suitable for adults.

And if stomatitis in a child does not go away, what should I do? In the case of frequent stomatitis in children, a review of home oral care is required. Rinsing or irrigation with an antiseptic solution should be added to daily brushing and brushing. Chlorhexidine or Miramistin is suitable for this.

We told you what to do with stomatitis.