If you like to be closer to nature and often visit the cottage, then you are probably used to spending a lot of time there. During this period, there is a need for cooking. The heat source in this case is usually fire. Quite often, summer residents use a barbecue or barbecue, but you can be original and make a tandoor.
Description
This is an oriental oven in the form of a roasting pan, with which you can cook a variety of dishes. In the tandoor you can cook samsa and cakes, which are glued to the walls and baked in this state. The traditional shape of the oven is round.
You can position the structure above or below the ground. Making tandoor is quite simple, and oriental cuisine will give you and your family a lot of pleasure. You can follow the experience of the eastern peoples and install such a stove right in the house. In this case, it is located in the center of the room and helps to warm the air in the room.
Tandoor Technology
Before you make a tandoor of brick with your own hands, step-by-step instructions must be studied. If the furnace is planned to be made stationary, then it must be located on sandy or rocky soil. As far as possible there should be buildings and green spaces. It is important to make sure that the ground below is dry.
For construction, you can use ceramic clay brick, white refractory is also perfect. At the first stage, the basis is laid out. The furnace will be heavy, so the foundation must be strong. It will be necessary to make an opening for filling the fuel. You can carry out construction directly on the ground, however, in this case, a pit is dug under the base. It should be in the shape of a circle. Its diameter is a maximum of 130 cm.
Sand is falling to the bottom. Its layer is equal to the limit of 15 to 20 cm. Then you can start laying a brick well. The solution will be the finished furnace mixture. It provides for the presence of:
- silica sand;
- clay;
- plasticizer.
Varieties of masonry
The masonry can be vertical or horizontal. In the latter case, during operation, the oven retains heat for much longer. The first method is more economical, because bricks will be consumed in a smaller volume. In order to see the dimensions of the structure, in the first stage, you can make an order without a solution. If you need to cut it, you need to work with the brick with an angle grinder with a cutting diamond wheel. It should be intended for ceramics.
Round masonry is not easy, but a full-size drawing can help you. You can perform it using a compass and a protractor. A rather important factor in the success of masonry tandoor is the ability to handle an angle grinder.
The basis for the formation of the circle will be a template of brick. You should not regret the solution, and to check the horizontal position of the products, you must use the level. When a do-it-yourself tandoor stove is made of brick, it is made narrower on top so that the temperature is kept for a long time inside. In order to achieve a similar effect, the lower layer of products must be cut off.
The method of forming the body
The form when laying will resemble a vault. Once it is ready, the interior of the furnace is cleaned of traces of the solution. Dry clay is used to fill the joints on the outside. The inner surface is coated with the same clay, but finely chopped grass should be added to it in this case. If you decide to build a tandoor from brick with your own hands, you should know that the structure must dry, then it is heated with paper, then the firing temperature rises. If it is necessary to improve the external walls, they should be coated with clay. It is customary to decorate such stoves among eastern peoples:
- sandstone;
- tiled;
- ceramics.
Design Features
The design of the tandoor is simple. The construction task is feasible even for a beginner. Installation is carried out on a foundation that rises above the ground by 170 mm. Depth is made below the floor by the same amount. This recommendation is true if the installation is in a gazebo or kitchen. But you can refuse to clutter up the room - you can position the stove in the open space of the site.
A blower should be located above the foundation. It is supplemented with a door, while a cast-iron grate is laid on top. By laying out a horizontal tandoor of brick with your own hands, at the next stage you will need to build an inner chamber, which will form the shape of a dome. Its inner surfaces are covered with clay, and after that the layer is well smoothed. There, raw dough cakes will be sculpted, which after baking will become fragrant bread.
The sizes of the tandoor can be very different, but the traditional height varies from 1000 to 1500 mm. The diameter of the bottom is approximately 1000 mm. If the construction is carried out in the country, and the stove will be used as the only place where you plan to cook food in nature, then the stove should be smaller.
In order to make a tandoor-brazier of brick with your own hands, between the bricks of the last rows it is necessary to lay the rods, on which skewers will later be hung. At the top, the inner chamber should taper. Between the outer walls and it is a heat-saving material. For this, it is customary to use fine-grained stones, sand, salt and small expanded clay. Such an interlayer for a long time keeps the structure hot, which is true even after burning fuel.
If you plan to bake bread, then after the wood burns out and warms up the wall, the coals can be removed so that the smoke does not soak the cakes. When cooking meat, this can not be done, since smoke can give the barbecue and barbecue a special flavor. The base materials and shape contribute to the release of heat from the walls inside the chamber. Heat hardly goes outside. Even after the extraction of the coals, heat accumulation continues; under such conditions, vegetables and cakes are baked, and the meat is well-fried.
Technology selection
Do-it-yourself brick tandoor can be made using one of the existing methods. One of the technologies provides for the presence of a finished clay tab. In other cases, a thick clay layer is formed by the craftsmen during the construction process. It is located on the inner walls. If desired, the clay tab can be purchased ready-made. It has the appearance of a jug without a bottom. If possible, then follow this technology, then the manufacturing process of the furnace will be facilitated and will be faster.
Tab manufacturing
The tab discussed above can be made independently, but this work can be called a whole art. It’s not at all a fact that you will succeed the first time. But if you decide to take a chance, then as a raw material you can use fireclay clay. It should have medium viscosity and good ductility.
Before you start laying out the tandoor from brick with your own hands, you must prepare the molding mixture for the manufacture of the tab. It consists of:
The ratio is as follows: 2: 1: 4: 1. For the solution, sheep or camel hair should be used. It will contribute to higher thermal insulation and serve as a reinforcing element for the clay product.
Clay must be well cleaned of impurities in the form of plant roots and stones. The raw materials are wiped through a grid, mixed and soaked for two days. The mixture must be kneaded until smooth, the process is carried out by feet. The composition must be trampled for a long time.
If you decide to lay out the tandoor of brick with your own hands, you will need to use tape technology. It provides for rolling strips. Their thickness, length and width are 20, 2000 and 250 mm, respectively. The manufacturing process should be carried out in the shade. It is better to carry out manipulations under a canopy, because otherwise the clay will quickly dry out and lose elasticity.
Prepared clay strips should be brought out under the sun and form a bowl without a bottom. It will become the bottom of the tandoor. The form is displayed in a ring with smooth walls. The frame can be a metal barrel. But having formed the lower part, the frame you will need to remove. In order to cope with this task it was easier, the metal in the barrel should first be greased with vegetable oil.
On the bottom of the bowl, fix the strips that will form part of the jug with rounded sides. This design will resemble a dome, but without the upper neck. Do-it-yourself brick tandoor should be complemented by a tab. It compacts while the clay remains moist. To do this, you need two special tools in the form of metal or wooden craftsmen. They have rounded, even edges, and their shape resembles a disk.
Used in the process and wooden blades with embossed diagonal stripes. With one hand, the master must hold the trowel and press it against the inner surface of the jug. Outside the clay mesh must be removed with a spatula. Clay will be compacted, a pattern in the form of diagonal stripes will form on it. Then you can form the upper part with a neck, the diameter of which is 2 times smaller than the bottom of the insert.
For the upper part of the jug, the clay is compacted and leveled according to the same principle as in the case with the middle and lower parts. While the insert is drying, you can proceed with the installation of the foundation.
Features of masonry walls
Do-it-yourself square tandoor made of bricks is built on the same principle as a furnace of any other shape. You will only need to form the first row without cement in order to outline a plan of future actions. As soon as the concrete dries and compacts, it is necessary to measure 120 mm from the edges of the slab and draw the borders of the walls with chalk. The first row will be arranged along these lines. In it, the channel of the blower chamber is formed. The door is located on the first or second row.
If you were faced with the question of how to make a tandoor with your own hands from brick, then instead of a door you can wall a metal pipe into the masonry. However, it will be necessary to install a damper in it, which will allow you to adjust the volume of incoming oxygen or completely shut off the flow. During the construction, some craftsmen refuse the blower chamber. In this case, the firewood will be burned at the bottom, but it will be inconvenient to clean the combustion products.
If the chamber is still there, then a cast-iron grate should be placed on top of it, where there will be burning of firewood. Ash will fall into the blower. From there, it can be easily removed. Building a simple tandoor of brick with your own hands, you will need to supplement it with a grid of reinforcing bars. You can buy finished cast iron products. On sale you can find round and rectangular options that are selected by diameter.
A tab is installed on the platform on top of the grill, and the joint between the lower edge and the platform is smeared with clay mortar. Brick walls are erected around the tab to the neck, and the gaps between them and the clay walls are filled with the aforementioned materials.
If you want to build the simplest tandoor of brick with your own hands, you will only need to follow the technology. Further, the entire top should be covered with masonry, only a round hole will remain untouched. Before operation, the structure will need to be moderately heated for several days so that drying takes place gradually and evenly. For the hole, you need to make a wooden cover with a handle that will cover the neck. After drying the material, you can proceed to cooking.
Features of the execution of the tandoor of brick with internal brick walls
If the finish of the tandoor inside will also be made of brick, then the clay mortar is prepared according to the above technology, however, wool should be excluded from the mixture. For the construction of the chamber, which will replace the clay tab, it is necessary to use refractory material.
The masonry inside is immediately coated with clay mortar, for the manufacture of which, instead of clay, you can use fine fireclay mortar. When tandoor is made of fireclay bricks with your own hands, in the next step it will be necessary to lay out the second row, which covers the blower chamber. In the center there is only a hole for laying a cast-iron grate. All subsequent rows are laid out in a circle and coated from the inside with a thick layer of clay mixture.
Finally
Brick drawings of a tandoor can help you in your work. With your own hands in this case, you can carry out the work by refusing the help of specialists. But for the successful conduct of business it will be necessary to follow the technology. For example, it is important to make the inner coating as even as possible, smoothing the clay with your hand, periodically wetted in water.